Tractor Fleet of State Farms of the Ural as an Important Component Part their Material Base

The topic of the article is relevant, which is due to the great enduring interest shown by Russian society in the historical period studied in the article. The purpose of writing the work was to study the qualitative and quantitative dynamics of the tractor fleet of state farms in the Urals in the first post-war five-year period (1946–1950) in one of the most interesting and problematic periods in the history of the Soviet state. The novelty of the research is ensured by the use of materials from one of the leading federal archives — the Russian State Archive of Economics (RGEA). It is stated that the emergence of this industry in the USSR dates back to 1923, when the production of Fordson-Putilovets tractors began at the Krasny Putilovets plant (now the Leningrad association Kirov Plant) under a license from the American company Ford. Attention is focused on the fact that it was tractors, along with other agricultural machinery, that formed the basis of the machine park of state farms (Soviet farms). It is proved that the ineffectiveness of the use of fixed assets by state farms was largely determined by the low level of use of their tractor fleet. It is concluded that in the first post-war five-year period, the tractor fleet of the Ural state farms with great difficulty overcame the severe consequences of the Great Patriotic War and was, in fact, in its infancy.