Vol 3, No 1 (2021)

Articles

«TALE OF BYGONE YEARS» AND PAGAN PRINCES OF ANCIENT RUSSIA: SOME FEATURES OF PERCEPTION

Fogel A.S.

Abstract

The author studies the main features of the depiction of the Rurik dynasty in the first Russian chronicle. The main attention is paid to various aspects of the «Tale of Bygone Years» as the primary historical source of the IX-X centuries, and the viewpoint of its author. The problem of depiction of the Rurik dynasty in the historical source is examined on the basis of modern achievements of Russian science.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):5-10
pages 5-10 views

PECULIARITIES OF FORMATION AND ACTIVITIES OF COMMAND STAFF OF THE RED ARMY DURING THE CIVIL WAR

Pilipenko S.A.

Abstract

The author considers the main sources of replenishment of command personnel, the methods of engagement and maintenance of discipline among commanders. He reveals the main problems facing the red officers, analyzes the social status of the command staff and the relationships between military commanders and commissars.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):11-18
pages 11-18 views

«CADRES DETERMINE EVERYTHING». TO THE QUESTION OF THE REASONS FOR THE FAILURE OF THE VOLGA SHALE PROJECT DURING THE PRE-WAR FIVE-YEAR PLANS

Voyeikov E.V.

Abstract

The author examines the activities of managers of shale ores and heads of party bodies of the Kuibyshev and Saratov regions who implemented the Volga shale project in the 1930s. The managers from mining departments committed a number of unprofessional actions in the organization of the production process of shale mining, which contributed to the departure of workers from the mines, mass absenteeism, downtime of teams of miners during work shifts. The party leaders of the Kuibyshev and Saratov regions did not provide the necessary assistance to engineers from the Volga Heat Engineering Institute in organizing tests of shale furnaces and paid little attention to the problems of shale mines.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):19-34
pages 19-34 views

FRACTURES OF THE SOVIET AGRARIAN POLICY ON THE EVE OF MASS DEVELOPMENT OF VIRGIN AND FALLOW LANDS

Pakhomova E.V.

Abstract

Based on published historical sources, the article traces the fundamental ideological changes that occurred in Soviet agricultural policy in the first post-war decade. The author has studied the traditional for that period approaches to definition of the most significant problems of agriculture, as well as identified factors that contributed to the gradual reform of this industry.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):35-44
pages 35-44 views

THE USE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN RESTORING CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC IN 1994-1995

Gurov V.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the role and place of the armed forces of the Russian Federation in restoring constitutional order in the Chechen Republic. The author summarized the experience of using military units and subunits in regrouping and destroying militants in urban and mountainous conditions. He offers a comprehensive analysis of the shortcomings in the training of military units. The article also contains author’s subjective observations made during participation in the military operations in Chechnya.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):45-56
pages 45-56 views

SINO-JAPANESE WAR AND «NEW YORK TIMES»

Selifontova D.Y., Buranok S.O.

Abstract

The authors examine the materials of the American press of 1931 devoted to finding answers to the question of the fault of Japan or China in the conflict. Analysis of the US press reveals a complex and controversial information situation. 1941 was a period of gradual revival of the interest of journalists, editors and politicians in the problem of Sino-Japanese war. US journalists had come to understanding the new outlines of the geopolitical picture of the world; they had realized that there are at least two global approaches to the issue of the culprits of the conflict (Chinese and Japanese) and that these approaches directly affect the understanding of the new role of the United States in the world.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):57-64
pages 57-64 views

DEATH AS AN AREA OF EXISTENTIAL INTERSECTION OF PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY

Filatov T.V.

Abstract

The article considers the problem of the correlation between the subject areas of philosophy and history in the context of the ideological situation in contemporary Russia. The author argues that death as an existential phenomenon represents the most significant component of the subject field of both philosophy and history. This determines the essential relationship of the indicated disciplines and their dynamic interaction, including in the space of ideology.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):65-71
pages 65-71 views

MILITARIZATION OF THE STATE - POWER AND MILITARY IN MODERN TIMES: AN ESSAY IN HISTORIOGRAPHY AND METHODOLOGY OF THE PROBLEM

Gordienko D.O.

Abstract

The article contains the results of research on the development of foreign and Russian history. The work is based on materials of monographs and scientific articles in Russian. The main task of its analysis is to reveal what intellectual processes influenced historians. The sphere of scientific interests of the given scientists includes the history of the state, the fiscal-military state and the processes of formation of modern armed forces in Western Europe and Russia in the XV-XIX centuries.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):72-81
pages 72-81 views

«MY SOUL IS IN PAIN AND WOUNDED» EVERYDAY LIFE IN THE TOWN OF BUZULUK, SAMARA PROVINCE, IN 1921-1922 IN THE MEMOIRS OF A LOCAL TEACHER

Anshakova Y.Y., Kirdyashev M.S.

Abstract

The publication presents an extract from the memoirs of Elizaveta Zhemchuzhnikova, a teacher in the small town of Buzuluk in Samara province, dedicated to the famine of 1921-1922. The author vividly portrays the horrors and miseries of everyday life during that tragic time and shows some strategies that helped her and other locals to survive.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):82-91
pages 82-91 views

MOSCOW «ODYSSEY» OF A SERBIAN COLONEL. RUSSIAN-SERBIAN MILITARY-ECONOMIC COOPERATION ON THE EVE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

Vishnjakov Y.V.

Abstract

The article is devoted to the little-studied issue of the peculiarities of Russian-Serbian economic ties. The author argues that the Russian-Austrian relations in the Balkan region were not only in the nature of political rivalry, but were associated with the general economic interests of Russia in the Danube region.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):92-99
pages 92-99 views

AGRICULTURAL SECTION OF THE STATE COMMISSION FOR ELECTRIFICATION OF RUSSIA

Tagirova N.F.

Abstract

The author examines the results of the work of the agricultural section of the State Commission for Electrification of Russia (GOELRO) presented in the report to the VIII All-Russian Congress of Soviets in 1920, restores the personal composition of the section and its members’ contribution to elaboration of the project. The methodological basis of the work is the concept of technological revolutions by K. Perez, applied to the analysis of the problem of the relationship between science and government in 1918-1920.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):100-111
pages 100-111 views

REFLECTION OF RESEARCH RESULTS IN THE FIELD OF SOCIAL, NATURAL AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES IN THE 20TH CENTURY (BASED ON MATERIALS OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTATION)

Soldatova O.N.

Abstract

The study of the history of science and technology is impossible without the involvement of scientific and technical documentation reflecting the results of scientific and technical activities, both of individual representatives of science and technology who have contributed to the development of social, natural and technical sciences, and of specialized organizations. This group of documents has been little studied by researchers and is only still being introduced to the scientific world, while it contains information that is absent in other types of sources. Using the example of the documents of the Regional State Administration in Samara, the author of the article reveals the specifics of the composition and content of documents belonged to one of the types of scientific and technical documentation, namely, research work.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):112-117
pages 112-117 views

SCIENTISTS OF YEKATERINBURG AS ACTORS PROMOTING THE MOVEMENT FOR THE PRESERVATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE

Zaitseva E.V., Azorkin E.A., Alekseychik A.N.

Abstract

Yet several decades ago the term “industrial heritage” was unknown not only to ordinary people, but also to many scientists. However, the transition from an industrial society to a postindustrial one arouses interest in the objects of the former industrial territories. Over the past twenty years, a number of interesting theoretical and applied studies of the industrial heritage of old industrial regions have been formed. These studies raise the problems of the industrial heritage of Russia and its regions, reveal the potential of territories of cultural and historical significance, describe infrastructural complexes and industrial objects of the past. The article describes the role of scholars from one of the main industrial regions of Russia, the Urals, in the popularization of the industrial heritage through theoretical and empirical research. Primary attention is paid to the analysis of the main directions of this activity, presented in publications by various representatives of the scientific community, which form the scientific and cultural background of the topic of preserving the industrial heritage of Russia. There is a large scientific community in Yekaterinburg, represented by many scholars, including Professor V.V. Zapariy, national representative of Russia in TICCIH (the International Committee for the Conservation of the Industrial Heritage), writing on this topic, which is relevant for the industrial region.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):118-124
pages 118-124 views

APPLIED ASPECTS OF THE THEORY OF REDUCTION ANALYSIS OF STONE INDUSTRIES

Kolesnik A.V.

Abstract

In the process of manufacturing of stone tools and their subsequent intended use, they were intensively transformed and subjected to reduction. They sequentially changed their shape and decreased in their size. This technologically determined process applied equally to both lithic cores and tools. Regardless of the goals, stadium splitting (with changes in the cleavage technique, according to E. Giria) and permanent splitting were used. During the reduction, morphology of stone tools changed significantly. In many cases, this led to appearance of new types of lithic cores and tools. The genetic relationship between these types is revealed on the base of morphometric analysis and refitting-model data. Based on empirical observations, it is possible to determine a steady trend of changes in the types of stone tools during their intensive processing. The type of reduction should be understood as a stable vector of changes in shape of stone tools during sequential splitting or cyclical renewal of their working properties. The method of reduction analysis is applicable to stone industries not only of the Stone Age, but also of the Early Iron Age. Reduction analysis of stone industries is associated with two levels of generalization. The first of them concerns reduction sequences in splitting of lithic cores and making-renewal of stone tools. The second one is related to the degree of transformation of structure of entire complex of stone tools, depending on the depth of processing of stone raw materials. The type of reduction reflects not only the technological, but also the cultural context, i.e. the stylistic features of stone industry. They appeared in the case when there is a variable choice of technology or technique for solving the task of stone tools producing. Reduction analysis of stone industry provides additional arguments for functional diagnostics of Stone Age sites.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):125-133
pages 125-133 views

ECONOMIC STRUCTURES OF THE ENEOLITHIC POPULATION OF THE TRANS-URAL (BASED ON MATERIALS FROM PEAT-BOG SITES)

Chairkina N.M.

Abstract

The Trans-Ural region is located on the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains within the boundaries of two physiographic countries - the Ural highlands and the West-Siberian plain, and crosses several natural and climatic zones. About 60 peat-bog sites of the Mesolithic - Early Iron Age period are known in this area. The Eneolithic periodization and chronology is based on a series of 14С dates (4000-2500 BC) obtained from various categories of sources and stratigraphic analysis data. During the Eneolithic period the Trans-Ural population had a mixed economy of the subsistence harvesting type with the core branches of the economy including domestic crafts, stone flaking, pottery, woodworking, bone and metal working, hunting, fishing, and harvesting.
Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences History Sciences. 2021;3(1):134-147
pages 134-147 views

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