卷 6, 编号 3 (2024)

Today it is already obvious that the anti-Russian and anti-Chinese foreign policy of the countries of the collective West is causing serious damage to themselves. In this regard, the question of the reasons for its continuation is important. The author argues that not only civilizational factors play a significant role in this, but also pressure from the United States.

The content of the concept of “challenge” is considered, its connection with

M. Heidegger’s “challenge of being” is traced. As current examples, a number of challenges of the modern era generated by information and communication technologies using artificial intelligence resources are studied. The authors consistently analyze the problems hidden behind the phenomena called “watch” and “cloud”, “smart mob”, “black mirror”. It is concluded that these phenomena of the information-computer era relate only to the surface layer of existence, performing the function of a facelift to modern civilization.

The article reflects the importance and necessity of forming a civic-patriotic culture among modern student youth in the context of geopolitical conflicts and a changing world. The relevance of the study is due to the leveling of the importance of civil-patriotic guidelines in the system of university training. The need to include the course “Fundamentals of Russian Statehood” (on behalf of the President of the Russian Federation) in the programs of universities poses new challenges for modern education. First of all, this is the task of organically combining the academic culture and the civic-patriotic culture of students. In addition, it is important for domestic higher education to have a concept that can promptly respond to current challenges of the educational policy of the Russian state through the formation of the necessary conditions for the self-determination of students, their civic position in the system of life-meaning orientations and patriotism as an integral part of the national idea.

The article is devoted to the role of personal historical memory in the formation of the historical consciousness of Russian youth. The author highlights the features associated with the construction of personal historical memory, its functions, methods of preservation.

The article analyzes the main approaches to the relationship between history and memory in the works of researchers. The concepts of M. Halbwachs, P. Nora, P. Hutton, E. Hobsbawm, etc. are considered. Particular attention is paid to discussions about the politics of memory and the role of history in shaping identity.

The article considers methodological trends in the history and philosophy of science – internalism, externalism, presentism, antiquarianism, evolutionism, catastrophism, concepts of the origin of philosophy that arose in different historical periods, as well as mythological, spiritual, scientific foundations of social and cultural life. It is shown that the joint use of these methodological approaches and their testing in the philosophy of science opens up broad opportunities for studying the universalism of the interaction of scientific and philosophical ideas. It is concluded that the emergence of philosophy is an internalist process. In order to claim the role of a universal foundation, modern science must include some aspects of extra-scientific knowledge (religious and philosophical approaches).

In the article the author makes an attempt to clarify and supplement the concept of free will, choosing a process approach as the basis of reasoning, which raises the question of a person’s choice of one of the alternative actions that are incomparable with each other according to formalized and understandable criteria. The problem of defining and modeling free will is considered in the context of the creation and implementation of an automated decision support system. It is shown that readiness for volitional decisions, understanding their place and role gives rise to the need for free will, and stimulating free will in practice is an important task of modern intelligent decision support systems. The proposed approach is illustrated by the example of the formation of choice alternatives in a digital integrated monitoring platform.

The article presents a review of the textbook “Illustrated Introduction to Philosophy” by Doctor of Philosophy, Professor V. I. Kurashov. It is noted that the manual is based on the search for primary codes of philosophical consciousness that can be expressed in drawings. In the context of “graphic representation”, the problems of consciousness, free critical thinking as the basis for philosophizing, and the formation of personality in the context of Russian culture are considered. A separate section is devoted to the study of the foundations of non-classical trends in art. Methodological techniques for organizing classes with students are described. It is emphasized that the manual is an example of a visual presentation of a philosophy course at a university in an accessible and interesting form for students.

A review of the textbook for universities by Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor Yu.E. Permyakov “Modern philosophy of law: an overview of the main problems” is presented. The manual provides an overview of new philosophical and legal concepts that explain the legal force of legal norms and ideological foundations of modern justice, which distinguishes it from other textbooks. The topics of provincial legal understanding, law in the era of national culture are revealed. It is noted that this is the latest scientific study conducted by the author of the specifics of the Russian mentality and legal thinking. Based on the presented material, the author proposes to show how the experience of philosophical dialogue and legal thinking is used in law.