Current concept of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a review

封面


如何引用文章

全文:

开放存取 开放存取
受限制的访问 ##reader.subscriptionAccessGranted##
受限制的访问 订阅或者付费存取

详细

Gastroesophageal reflux disease remains one of the most pressing issues in modern gastroenterology due to its high prevalence, chronic course, and risk of severe complications, including Barrett esophagus. This review summarizes research published between 2014 and 2024 in international (PubMed, Web of Science) and Russian (Russian Science Citation Index) scientific databases addressing epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Epidemiological data demonstrate a global increase in disease burden—from 442 million cases in 1990 to 784 million in 2019—with marked regional variability (from 2.5% in China to 45.4% in the Middle East). In the Russian Federation, gastroesophageal reflux disease prevalence reaches 25.6%, with the highest rates observed in individuals older than 50 years. Key risk factors include abdominal obesity, tobacco smoking, and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease includes both non-pharmacologic approaches (lifestyle modification, diet therapy, breathing exercises) and pharmacotherapy. Proton pump inhibitors remain the standard of care; however, their long-term use is associated with risk of adverse effects. Promising areas include combination regimens incorporating antacids, alginates, esophagoprotective agents, and novel potassium-competitive acid blockers, which demonstrate advantages in treatment of resistant gastroesophageal reflux disease. Special attention is given to non-pharmacologic treatment strategies. Optimization of pharmaceutical counseling remains an important challenge aimed at minimizing self-medication and improving treatment adherence. The findings underscore the need to develop personalized therapeutic strategies considering clinical heterogeneity of gastroesophageal reflux disease, as well as the incorporation of innovative methods into clinical practice. Review results confirm the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to reduce healthcare system burden and improve patient quality of life.

全文:

受限制的访问

作者简介

Kseniya Biryukova

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: bir-ksyusha@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8374-5256
SPIN 代码: 1755-9230

Postgraduate Student

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

Dilyara Shakirova

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

Email: dhabilevna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7840-1985
SPIN 代码: 1271-6870

MD, Dr. Sci. (Pharmaceuticals), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

Yuri Miroshnichenko

Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical University

Email: miryv61@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3645-2071
SPIN 代码: 9723-1148

MD, Dr. Sci. (Pharmaceuticals), Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Aleksandr Perfilyev

Military Medical Academy

Email: bir-ksyusha@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9947-1296
SPIN 代码: 6843-2803

MD, Cand. Sci. (Pharmaceuticals)

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Sayar Abdulkhakov

Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University

Email: sayarabdul@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9542-3580
SPIN 代码: 4131-8360

MD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor

俄罗斯联邦, Kazan

参考

  1. Maev IV, Zaborovskiy AV, Tararina LA, et al. Efficiency and Safety of Pantoprazol in Treatment of Patients with Acid Dependent Diseases in Russia: Multicenter Observe Research. Effektivnaya farmakoterapiya. 2023;19(43):20–27. doi: 10.33978/2307-3586-2023-19-43-20-27 EDN: KIKJUJ
  2. Ivashkin V, Trukhmanov AS, Maev IV, et al. Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (Clinical Guidelines of the Russian Gastroenterological Association, Russian Scientific Medical Society of Internal Medicine, Russian Society for the Prevention of Noncommunicable Diseases, Scientific Сommunity for Human Microbiome Research). Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2024;34(5):111–135. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2024-34-5-111-135 EDN: BPZIFZ
  3. Vakil N, van Zanten SV, Kahrilas P, et al. The Montreal Definition and Classification of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Global EvidenceBased Consensus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(8):1900–1920. doi: 10.1111/j.1572–0241.2006.00630.x
  4. Gyawali CP, Yadlapati R, Fass R, et al. Updates to the modern diagnosis of GERD: Lyon consensus 2.0. Gut. 2024;73(2):361–371. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330616
  5. Chen JW, Vela MF, Peterson KA, Carlson DA. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Diagnosis and Management of Extraesophageal Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Expert Review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2023;21(6):1414–1421.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2023.01.040
  6. Eusebi LH, Cirota GG, Zagari RM, Ford AC. Global Prevalence of Barrett’s Oesophagus and Oesophageal Cancer in Individuals with GastroOesophageal Reflux: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Gut. 2021;70(3):456–463. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321365
  7. Vakil N, van Zanten SV, Kahrilas P, et al. The Montreal Definition and Classification of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Global EvidenceBased Consensus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101(8):1900–1920. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00630.x
  8. Dent J, Brun J, Fendrick A, et al. An evidence-based appraisal of reflux disease management — the Genval Workshop Report. Gut. 1999;44(Suppl 2): S1–16. doi: 10.1136/gut.44.2008.s1
  9. Gyawali CP, Yadlapati R, Fass R, et al. Updates to the modern diagnosis of GERD: Lyon consensus 2.0. Gut. 2024;73(2):361–371. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330616
  10. Zhang D, Liu S, Li Z, et al. Global, regional and national burden of gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1990–2019: update from the GBD2019 study. Ann Med. 2022;54(1):1372–1384. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2074535
  11. Nirwan JS, Hasan SS, Babar ZU, et al. Global Prevalence and Risk Factors of Gastro-oesophageal Reflux Disease (GORD): Systematic Review with Meta-analysis. Sci Rep. 2020;10(1):5814. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62795-1
  12. Andreev DN, Maev IV, Bordin DS, et al. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in russia: a meta-analysis of population-based studies. Terapevticheskiy arhiv. 2024;96(8):751–756. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2024.08.202807 EDN: CZEARJ
  13. Goh KL, Lee YY, Leelakusolvong S, et al. Consensus statements and recommendations on the management of mild-to-moderate gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Southeast Asian region. JGH Open. 2021;5(8): 855–863. doi: 10.1002/jgh3.12602
  14. Lu TL, Li SR, Zhang JM, Chen CW. Meta-analysis on the epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in China. World J Gastroenterol. 2022;28(45):6410–6420. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i45.6410
  15. Aghayeva S, Katzka D, Afandiyeva N, et al. The Prevalence of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Azerbaijan: A Population-Based Cross-sectional Study. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2023;34(11):1134–1142. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2023.211042
  16. Rasool MF, Sarwar R, Arshad MS, et al. Assessing the Frequency and Risk Factors Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021;14:4619–4625. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S335142
  17. Lazebnik LB, Masharova AA, Bordin DS, et al. Multicenter study “Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Russia” (MEGRE): first results. Experimental & clinical gastroenterology. 2009;(6):4–12. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-200-4-33-40 EDN: LOBGHQ
  18. Isakov VA, Morozov SV, Stavraki ES, Komarov RM. Analiz rasprostranennosti izzhogi: nacional’noe jepidemiologicheskoe issledovanie vzroslogo gorodskogo naselenija (ARIADNA). Experimental & clinical gastroenterology. 2008;(1):20–30. EDN: MVLXNT
  19. Bordin DS, Abdulkhakov RА, Osipenko MF, et al. Multicenter study of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms prevalence in outpatients in Russia. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv. 2022;94(1):48–56. doi: 10.26442/0040366 0.2022.01.201322 EDN: GGNVSS
  20. Andreev DN, Maev IV, Bordin DS, et al. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Russia: a meta-analysis of population-based studies. Terapevticheskiy arkhiv. 2024;96(8):751–756. doi: 10.26442/00403660.2024.08.202807 EDN: CZEARJ
  21. Berezina OI, Valitova JeR, Bystrovskaja EV, Bordin DS. Combined therapy of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Effektivnaya farmakoterapiya. 2021;17(16):32–39. doi: 10.33978/2307-3586-2021-17-16-32-39 EDN: EOWXYQ
  22. Starostin BD. Contemporary Approaches to the Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2019;29(1):7–16. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2019-29-1-7-16 EDN: TZLMBK
  23. Albarqouni L, Moynihan R, Clark J, et al. Head of bed elevation to relieve gastroesophageal reflux symptoms: a systematic review. BMC Fam Pract. 2021;22(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12875-021-01369-0
  24. Yadlapati R, Gyawali CP, Pandolfino JE; CGIT GERD Consensus Conference Participants. AGA Clinical Practice Update on the Personalized Approach to the Evaluation and Management of GERD: Expert Review. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2022;20(5):984–994.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.01.025
  25. Goh KL, Lee YY, Leelakusolvong S, et al. Consensus statements and recommendations on the management of mild-to-moderate gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Southeast Asian region. JGH Open. 2021;5(8): 855–863. doi: 10.1002/jgh3.12602
  26. Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, et al. ACG Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(1):27–56. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001538
  27. Zdrhova L, Bitnar P, Balihar K, et al. Breathing Exercises in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review. Dysphagia. 2023;38(2):609–621. doi: 10.1007/s00455-022-10494-6
  28. Chen HT, Chuang HY, Hsieh TY, et al. Shift work is significantly and positively associated with possible gastro-esophageal reflux disease: A meta-analysis study. Front Public Health. 2022;10:980603. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.980603
  29. Surdea-Blaga T, Negrutiu DE, Palage M, Dumitrascu DL. Food and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Curr Med Chem. 2019;26(19):3497–3511. doi: 10.2174/0929867324666170515123807
  30. Katz PO, Dunbar KB, Schnoll-Sussman FH, et al. ACG Clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117(1):27–56. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001538
  31. Ness-Jensen E, Lindam A, Lagergren J, Hveem K. Tobacco smoking cessation and improved gastroesophageal reflux: a prospective population-based cohort study: the HUNT study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2014;109(2):171–177. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2013.414
  32. Kohata Y, Fujiwara Y, Watanabe T, et al. Longterm benefits of smoking cessation on gastroesophageal reflux disease and health-related quality of life. PLoS One. 2016;11(2): e0147860. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147860
  33. Razumov AN, Efendiyeva MT, Badtiyeva VA. Gastroesophageal reflux disease with cardial manifistations: perspectives of non-pharmacological treatment methods. Voprosy kurortologii, fizioterapii i lechebnoy fizicheskoy kul’tury. 2020;97(1):75–81. doi: 10.17116/kurort20209701175 PMID: 32207711 EDN: GQUHSQ
  34. Dragomiretska N, Babov K, Gushcha S, et al. Application of mineral waters in the complex treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Minerva Gastroenterol Dietol. 2020;66(3):225–237. doi: 10.23736/S1121-421X.20.02601-X
  35. Kasugai K, Ogasawara N. Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Pathophysiology and New Treatment Trends. Intern Med. 2024;63(1):1–10. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.1551-23
  36. Chen Y, Sun C, Wu Y, et al. Do proton pump inhibitors prevent Barrett’s esophagus progression to high-grade dysplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma? An updated meta-analysis. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol. 2021;147(9):2681–2691. doi: 10.1007/ s00432-021-03544-3
  37. Zdrhova L, Bitnar P, Balihar K, et al. Breathing Exercises in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Systematic Review. Dysphagia. 2023;38(2):609–621. doi: 10.1007/s00455-022-10494-6
  38. Castellana C, Pecere S, Furnari M, et al. Side effects of long-term use of proton pump inhibitors: practical considerations. Pol Arch Intern Med. 2021;131(6):541–549. doi: 10.20452/pamw.15997
  39. Maideen NMP. Adverse Effects Associated with Long-Term Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors. Chonnam Med J. 2023;59(2):115–127. doi: 10.4068/cmj.2023.59.2.115
  40. Pourhadi N, Janbek J, Jensen-Dahm C, et al. Proton pump inhibitors and dementia: A nationwide population-based study. Alzheimers Dement. 2024;20(2):837–845. doi: 10.1002/alz.13477
  41. Ivashkin VT, Maev IV, Trukhmanov AS, et al. Deprescribing and Optimal Selection of Proton Pump Inhibitors (Contributions of the 26th United Russian Gastroenterology Week). Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2020;30(6):7–18. doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-6-7-18 EDN: KMMASC
  42. Tran T, Lowry AM, El-Serag HB. Meta-analysis: the efficacy of over-thecounter gastro-oesophageal reflux disease therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2007;25(2):143–153. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.03135.x
  43. Leiman DA, Riff BP, Morgan S, et al. Alginate therapy is effective treatment for GERD symptoms: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dis Esophagus. 2017;30(5):1–9. doi: 10.1093/dote/dow020
  44. Bor S, Kalkan İH, Çelebi A, et al. Alginates: From the ocean to gastroesophageal reflux disease treatment. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2019;30(2):109–136. doi: 10.5152/tjg.2019.19677
  45. Maev IV, Andreev D, Kucheryavyy YuA, et al. Efficacy of an esophageal mucosal protectant in the treatment of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease: systematic review. Meditsinskiy Sovet. 2022;16(15):20–26. doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2022-16-15-20-26 EDN: GWUELX
  46. Ortenberg EA, Lyapina MV, Dorodnyeva EF. Competitive proton pump inhibitors — status and Prospects of use. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology. 2023;(4):86–92. doi: 10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-212-4-86-92 EDN: PYUUED
  47. Miftahussurur M, Putra BP, Yamaoka Y. The Potential Benefi ts of Vonoprazan as Helicobacter pylori Infection Therapy. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2020;13(10):276. doi: 10.3390/ph13100276
  48. Zhang M, Pang M, Zhang M. Efficacy and safety of potassium-competitive acid blockers versus proton pump inhibitors as Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2022;77:100058. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100058
  49. Cheng Y, Liu J, Tan X, et al. Direct comparison of the efficacy and safety of vonoprazan versus proton-pump inhibitors for gastroesophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Dis Sci. 2021;66(1):19–28. doi: 10.1007/s10620-020-06141-5
  50. Tikhonov SV, Kareva EN, Serebrova SY, et al. New achievements of pharmacology for practical medicine in prevention and therapy of acid-dependent diseases. Meditsinskiy sovet. 2023;17(8):33–40. doi: 10.21518/ms2023-133 EDN: UOUGXX
  51. Klimenkova AA, Skripko AA, Geller LN, Aref’eva NA. The quality of pharmaceutical services provided to the population of the irkutsk region as the basis for the formation of consumer preferences. Pharmacy. 2023;72(1):28–35. doi: 10.29296/25419218-2023-01-05 EDN: FRHDQI

补充文件

附件文件
动作
1. JATS XML
下载

版权所有 © Eco-Vector, 2025

许可 URL: https://eco-vector.com/for_authors.php#07
СМИ зарегистрировано Федеральной службой по надзору в сфере связи, информационных технологий и массовых коммуникаций (Роскомнадзор).
Регистрационный номер и дата принятия решения о регистрации СМИ: серия ПИ № ФС 77 - 77760 от 10.02.2020.