Autosensitization to human chorionic gonadotropin: etiology, role in reproductive loss, and approaches to therapy

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Abstract

The important role of human chorionic gonadotropin in pregnancy suggests the occurrence of reproductive disorders due to the circulation of specific antibodies, especially in early pregnancy, which can lead to a cascade of pathological reactions such as implantation failure, placentation, trophoblast invasion, and ultimately fetal rejection. The lack of knowledge and the complexity of diagnosing and treating this autoimmune pathology in reproductive medicine and obstetrics negatively affects both the outcomes of each individual pregnancy and the demographic situation as a whole. This review article highlights the main ideas about the causes of human chorionic gonadotropin antibody occurrence, the pathological mechanisms, the reproductive and obstetric complications associated with human chorionic gonadotropin autoantibodies, diagnostic methods, and therapeutic approaches.

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About the authors

Daria V. Tkhai

The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Email: tkhay20@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3426-5125
SPIN-code: 6619-1805
Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Sergey V. Chepanov

The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Email: chepanovsv@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6087-7152
SPIN-code: 6642-6837
Scopus Author ID: 56399329700
ResearcherId: M-3471-2015

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olga N. Arzhanova

The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Email: arjanova_olga@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3059-9811
SPIN-code: 7910-6039
Scopus Author ID: 6603489502
ResearcherId: G-6895-2015

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olesya N. Bespalova

The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Email: shiggerra@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6542-5953
SPIN-code: 4732-8089
Scopus Author ID: 57189999252
ResearcherId: D-3880-2018

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Sergey A. Selkov

The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott

Author for correspondence.
Email: selkovsa@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1560-7529
SPIN-code: 7665-0594
Scopus Author ID: 6507854443
ResearcherId: G-2059-2014

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Honored Scientist of the Russian Federation

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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