Maternal pregestational diabetes as an factor in the genesis of congenital malformations of the fetus
- Authors: Shengelia N.D.1, Bespalova O.N.2, Shengelia M.O.2
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Affiliations:
- Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
- The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
- Issue: Vol 71, No 3 (2022)
- Pages: 101-110
- Section: Reviews
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/jowd/article/view/89982
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/JOWD89982
- ID: 89982
Cite item
Abstract
This review article summarizes the results of modern clinical studies performed domestically or abroad, which provide information on maternal pregestational diabetes (type 1 or 2) shaping a spectrum of congenital malformations of the fetus. Advances in the treatment of diabetes mellitus have reduced the risk of fetal congenital malformations in pregnant women with the disease, but an increase in its incidence among women of childbearing age indicates that this cause of congenital malformations is becoming more relevant every year. This review article presents four diabetes-mediated pathways for the genesis of fetal congenital malformations: those associated with metabolic imbalance or oxidative stress, genetically mediated and caused by insufficient inhibition of apoptosis. Thus, based on clinical studies and meta-analysis over the past ten years, it has been demonstrated that women with pregestational diabetes mellitus are at the highest risk of developing fetal congenital malformations. Achievement of diabetes compensation and physiological nutritional status in such patients determines the favorable course of all stages of pregnancy.
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About the authors
Nodari D. Shengelia
Center for Family Planning and Reproduction
Email: nod802210@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0677-494X
SPIN-code: 7495-9480
MD
Russian Federation, 3 Mendeleevskaya Line, Saint Petersburg, 199034Olesya N. Bespalova
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Email: shiggerra@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6542-5953
SPIN-code: 4732-8089
Scopus Author ID: 57189999252
ResearcherId: D-3880-2018
MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)
Russian Federation, 3 Mendeleevskaya Line, Saint Petersburg, 199034Margarita O. Shengelia
The Research Institute of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductology named after D.O. Ott
Author for correspondence.
Email: bakleicheva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0103-8583
SPIN-code: 7831-2698
Scopus Author ID: 57203248029
ResearcherId: AGN-5365-2022
MD
Russian Federation, 3 Mendeleevskaya Line, Saint Petersburg, 199034References
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