Circulating tumor RNA and exosomes as disease prognosis and therapy effectivity novel markers in case of malignant gliomas in adults

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Abstract

Malignant gliomas of CNS are the most wide-spread variant of primary brain tumors characteristic of invasive growth, fast evolution, high resistance to therapy and consequently quick recurrence that causes death of the patients. Taking into consideration peculiar features of these neoplasms an acute need has sprung in neurooncologic community for a search of novel low-invasive methods for the assessment of treatment effectivity and determining the progression rate of the disease. During the last decade a great number of studies exploring various circulating tumor ribonucleic acids in case of astrocytoma have been accomplished. The tumor nucleic acids as well as vesicles expressed by glioma may be discovered in blood and spine fluid. Thus these biomarkers are the most perspective targets for realizing these goals. The review presents tumor ribonucleic acids and exosomes, regulatory signaling pathways within tumor glioma cell causing resistance towards alkalizing chemical preparations and directly participating in recurrence. The most prospective nucleic acids as prognosis biomarkers and response to specific antitumor therapy predictors were determined and the most informative methods of their assessment have been depicted. Possibilities of alkalizing agents effectivity rise by means of nucleic acids expression correction have been discussed.

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About the authors

Elizaveta V. Ermolaeva

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Email: s.sklyar2017@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9920-4262
SPIN-code: 5299-3480

laboratory researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

Sofia S. Sklyar

Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centre

Author for correspondence.
Email: s.sklyar2017@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3284-9688
SPIN-code: 4679-3548

MD, PhD, Senior Researcher, research laboratory of neurooncology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Nikolai V. Tsygan

Kirov Military Medical Academy

Email: 77th77@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5881-2242
SPIN-code: 1006-2845

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department Neurology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Bobir I. Safarov

Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centre

Email: safarovbob@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2369-7424
SPIN-code: 1230-6455

MD, PhD, Head of 4th Department Neurooncology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Victoria S. Kushnirova

Polenov Russian Neurosurgical Institute – the branch of Almazov National Medical Research Centre

Email: victoria.kushnitova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0480-0884
SPIN-code: 9105-5852

neurosurgeon

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Olesya I. Timaeva

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Email: timaeva_oi@nrcki.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9929-3899
SPIN-code: 2784-2499

PhD, Academic secretary

Russian Federation, Moscow

Andrei G. Vasiliev

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: avas7@mail.ru

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head of Pathophysiology Department

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexandr P. Trashkov

National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”

Email: alexandr.trashkov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3441-0388
SPIN-code: 4231-1258

MD, PhD, Head of the Neurocognitive

Russian Federation, Moscow

Anna V. Vasilieva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: a-bondarenko@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0008-2356-1552
SPIN-code: 5333-0144

Assistant Professor, Department of Pathological Physiology with the Course of Immunopathology

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

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