Etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections in children hospitalized in infectious diseases hospitals in Saint Petersburg in 2017–2022

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BACKGROUND: The etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections in children is diverse. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the problem of diagnosing infectious diseases of the respiratory tract in children has become particularly relevant.

AIM: The aim is to analyze the etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections in children hospitalized in infectious hospitals in Saint Petersburg in 2017–2022.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of data on the etiology of acute respiratory viral infections obtained from 1,561 patients aged 1 month to 17 years hospitalized in children’s infectious diseases hospitals in St. Petersburg in the period 2017–2022 is presented. The children were divided into three age groups: group I — 1 month to 3 years (n = 600), group II — 3–6 years (n = 534), group III — older than 6 years (n = 427). The etiological interpretation was carried out by the PCR method. The observation period was divided into epidemic seasons: 2017/2018, 2018/2019, 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022.

RESULTS: The viral etiology of the disease in children was diagnosed in 88.6% of cases. The predominance of influenza viruses was observed in 2017/2018 (22.6%) and 2018/2019 (23.8%), and 2019/2020, 2020/2021 and 2021/2022 — the dominance of new (SARS-CoV-2) and seasonal coronaviruses (CoV-OC43 and CoV-229E). Acute rhinopharyngitis was recorded in 33.5% of cases and acute bronchitis/bronchial obstruction syndrome in 25.2% of cases. Stenosing laryngotracheitis was more often observed in young children (5.6%), pneumonia — in all age groups (3.3–4.2%). Acute respiratory viral infections caused by coronaviruses was characterized by the involvement of both the upper (48.2%) and lower (51.8%) parts of the respiratory tract in the infectious process.

CONCLUSIONS: The study of the viral landscape in hospitalized children with respiratory infection during 2017–2022 revealed a change in the etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections associated with the appearance of a new coronavirus in 2019 and the gradual displacement of other respiratory viruses from circulation.

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作者简介

Vera Sukhovetskaya

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: verafedotovna@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1566-7137
SPIN 代码: 3633-2952

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Vladimir Timchenko

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: timchenko220853@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4068-1731
SPIN 代码: 8594-0751

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Professor, Head, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Tatyana Kaplina

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: k.kta@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1659-2058
SPIN 代码: 1381-9580

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Elena Pavlova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: infarm@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7596-1004
SPIN 代码: 8900-3143

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology with a course of clinical pharmacology and pharmacoeconomics

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Tatyana Chernova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: t-chernova@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4845-3757
SPIN 代码: 3146-3629

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Svetlana Bannova

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: deva0509@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1351-1910
SPIN 代码: 9654-9386

MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Maria Subbotina

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: m.03@bk.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8748-7146
SPIN 代码: 1458-6062

MD, PhD, Cand. Sci. (Medicine), Associate Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Oksana Bulina

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

Email: oksanabulina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2997-7777
SPIN 代码: 7960-2040

Associate Professor, Department of Rehabilitology Faculty of Retraining and Additional Professional Education

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

Olga Afanasieva

Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza

Email: olga-afanaseva57@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1229-171X
SPIN 代码: 5120-6649

MD, PhD, Dr. Sci. (Medicine), Head of the Department of Respiratory Viral Infections in Children

俄罗斯联邦, Saint Petersburg

Olga Leonicheva

Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: recka2007@rambler.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-7458-0466
SPIN 代码: 7767-6480

Assistant Professor, Professor M.G. Danilevich Department of Infectious Diseases in Children

俄罗斯联邦, 2 Litovskaya st., Saint Petersburg, 194100

参考

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2. Fig. 1. The structure of the viral landscape of nasopharyngeal secretions of children hospitalized in infectious diseases hospitals in Saint Petersburg in 2017–2022 (n = 1561)

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3. Fig. 2. The frequency of mono- and mixed infections of viral etiology in children hospitalized in infectious diseases hospitals in Saint Petersburg in 2017–2022 (n = 1561)

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4. Fig. 3. The structure of viral mixed infections in the examined children in 2017–2022 (n = 183)

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5. Fig. 4. The proportion of cases of coronavirus infection in children of various ages hospitalized in infectious diseases hospitals in 2017–2022 (n = 689)

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