Coronaviral infection
- 作者: Ivanov D.O.1, Chernova T.M.1, Pavlova E.B.1, Timchenko V.N.1, Barakina E.V.1
-
隶属关系:
- St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
- 期: 卷 11, 编号 3 (2020)
- 页面: 109-117
- 栏目: Lecture
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/pediatr/article/view/42540
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/PED113109-117
- ID: 42540
如何引用文章
详细
Coronavirus infection (CVI) is a group of acute ubiquitous infectious diseases known since the 60s 19 century. The clinical picture of CVI is characterized by damage to the respiratory system from mild forms of acute respiratory viral infection to the development of a severe acute respiratory syndrome, as well as involvement of other organs in the pathological process of the gastrointestinal tract. For a long time, coronaviruses were not given attention, since it was believed that they were able to cause only mild respiratory diseases. It is known that children and adolescents are less susceptible to infection than adults. In the etiological structure of acute respiratory viral infections among hospitalized children, coronaviruses account for 6–9%. The introduction of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the inclusion of coronaviruses in practice has shown their role in the occurrence of severe diseases of the lower respiratory tract. Since 2002, outbreaks of coronavirus infection caused by previously unknown pathogens (SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2) have been observed in the world. New coronaviruses have genetic features and are relatively highly resistant in the environment. The diseases they cause are distinguished by the predominance of severe forms with high mortality due to the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis. In December 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus began in China; in February 2020, the disease was called COVID-2019. In connection with the trend towards the global spread of new infections March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced a pandemic. The lecture covers the issues of epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus infection, taking into account the emergence of new pathogens.
全文:
![受限制的访问](https://journals.eco-vector.com/lib/pkp/templates/images/icons/text_lock.png)
作者简介
Dmitry Ivanov
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: doivanov@yandex.ru
MD, PhD, Dr Med Sci, Professor, Rector
俄罗斯联邦, St. PetersburgTatyana Chernova
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Email: t-chernova@mail.ru
MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases in Children named after Professor M.G. Danilevich
俄罗斯联邦, St. PetersburgElena Pavlova
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Email: pavlova.elena.doc@gmail.com
MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacoeconomics with a course of clinical pharmacology
俄罗斯联邦, St. PetersburgVladimir Timchenko
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Email: timchenko22081953@yandexl.ru
MD, PhD, Dr Med Sci, Professor, Head, Department of Infectious Diseases in Children named after Professor M.G. Danilevich
俄罗斯联邦, St. PetersburgElena Barakina
St. Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation
Email: elenabarakina@mail.ru
MD, PhD, Assistent Professor, Department of Infectious Diseases in Children named after Professor M.G. Danilevich
俄罗斯联邦, St. Petersburg参考
- Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Особенности клинических проявлений и лечения заболевания, вызванного новой коронавирусной инфекцией (COVID-19) у детей (методические рекомендации). Версия 2 (03.07.2020). [Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Osobennosti klinicheskikh proyavleniy i lecheniya zabolevaniya, vyzvannogo novoy koronavirusnoy infektsiey (COVID-19) u detey (metodicheskie rekomendatsii). Ver. 2 (03.07.2020). (In Russ.)]
- BBC News. Русская служба новостей. Коронавирус: «ковидные пальцы» и сыпь как симптомы Covid-19. 3 мая 2020. bbc.com [интернет]. [BBC News. Russkaya sluzhba novostey. Koronavirus: “kovidnye pal’tsy” i syp’ kak simptomy Covid-19. 3 maya 2020. bbc.com [Internet] (In Russ.)]. Доступно по: https://www.bbc.com/russian/news-52523925. Ссылка активна на 14.05.2020.
- Всемирная организация здравоохранения. Наименование заболевания, вызванного коронавирусом (COVID-19), и вирусного возбудителя. www.who.int [интернет]. [Vsemirnaya organizatsiya zdravookhraneniya. Naimenovanie zabolevaniya, vyzvannogo koronavirusom (COVID-19), i virusnogo vozbuditelya www.who.int [Internet]. (In Russ.)]. Доступно по: https://www.who.int/ru/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/technical-guidance/naming-the-coronavirus-disease-(covid-2019)-and-the-virus-that-causes-it. Ссылка активна на 14.05.2020.
- Министерство Здравоохранения Российской Федерации. Профилактика, диагностика и лечение новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19) (временные методические рекомендации). Версия 6 (28.04.2020). 2020. – 165 с. [Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. Profilaktika, diagnostika i lechenie novoy koronavirusnoy infektsii (COVID-19) (vremennye metodicheskie rekomendatsii). Version 6 (28.04.2020). 2020. 165 p. (In Russ.)]
- Морозов С.П., Проценко Д.Н., Сметанина С.В., и др. Лучевая диагностика коронавирусной болезни (COVID-19): организация, методология, интерпретация результатов. Серия «Лучшие практики лучевой и инструментальной диагностики». Выпуск 65. – М.: ГБУЗ «НПКЦ ДиТ ДЗМ», 2020. – C. 60 с. [Morozov SP, Protsenko DN, Smetanina SV, et al. Luchevaya diagnostika koronavirusnoy bolezni (COVID-19): organizatsiya, metodologiya, interpretatsiya rezul’tatov. Seriya “Luchshie praktiki luchevoy i instrumental’noy diagnostiki”. Vypusk 65. Moscow: GBUZ “NPKTs DiT DZM”; 2020. 60 p. (In Russ.)]
- Никифоров В.В., Суранова Т.Г., Миронов А.Ю., Забозлаев Ф.Г. Новая коронавирусная инфекция (COVID-19): этиология, эпидемиология, клиника. Диагностика, лечение и профилактика. – М.: Академия постдипломного образования ФГБУ «ФНКЦ ФМБА России», 2020. – 48 с. [Nikiforov VV, Suranova TG, Mironov AYu, Zabozlaev FG. Novaya koronavirusnaya infektsiya (COVID-19): etiologiya, epidemiologiya, klinika. Diagnostika, lechenie i profilaktika. Moscow: Akademiya postdiplomnogo obrazovaniya FGBU “FNKTs FMBA Rossii”; 2020. 48 p. (In Russ.)]
- Тимченко В.Н., Суховецкая В.Ф., Чернова Т.М., и др. Роль ранней этиологической расшифровки острых респираторных вирусных инфекций в выборе противовирусной терапии у детей в условиях стационара // Педиатрия им. Г.Н. Сперанского. – 2020. – Т. 99. – № 1. – С. 101–106. [Timchenko VN, Sukhovetskaya VF, Chernova TM, et al. The role of early etiological decoding of acute respiratory viral infections in antiviral therapy choice for children in a hospital setting. Pediatriia. 2020;99(1): 100-106. (In Russ.)]. https://doi.org/10.24110/0031-403x-2020-99-1-100-106.
- Carod-Artal FJ. Neurological complications of coronavirus and COVID-19. Rev Neurol. 2020;70(9):311-322. https://doi.org/10.33588/rn.7009.2020179.
- Clarke SK, Caul EO, Egglestone SI. The human enteric coronaviruses. Postgrad Med J. 1979;55(640):135-142. https://doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.55.640.135.
- Heimdal I, Moe N, Krokstad S, et al. Human Coronavirus in Hospitalized Children With Respiratory Tract Infections: A 9-Year Population-Based Study From Norway. J Infect Dis. 2019;219(8):1198-1206. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiy646.
- Hui DS, Azhar EI, Kim Y-J, et al. Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: risk factors and determinants of primary, household, and nosocomial transmission. Lancet Infect Dis. 2018;18(8):e217-e227. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1473-3099(18)30127-0.
- Ann Yeh E, Collins A, Cohen ME, et al. Detection of Coronavirus in the Central Nervous System of a Child With Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis. Pediatrics. 2003;113(1):e73-e76. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.113.1.e73.
- Lau SK, Woo PC, Yip CC, et al. Coronavirus HKU1 and other coronavirus infections in Hong Kong. J Clin Microbiol. 2006;44(6):2063-2071. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.02614-05.
- Monto AS, DeJonge PM, Callear AP, et al. Coronavirus Occurrence and Transmission Over 8 Years in the HIVE Cohort of Households in Michigan. J Infect Dis. 2020;222(1):9-16. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa161.
- Paloniemi M, Lappalainen S, Vesikari T. Commonly circulating human coronaviruses do not have a significant role in the etiology of gastrointestinal infections in hospitalized children. J Clin Virol. 2015;62:114-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2014.10.017.
- Peiris JSM, Lai ST, Poon LLM, et al. Coronavirus as a possible cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Lancet. 2003;361(9366):1319-1325. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13077-2.
- Pene F, Merlat A, Vabret A, et al. Coronavirus 229E-related pneumonia in immunocompromised patients. Clin Infect Dis. 2003;37(7):929-932. https://doi.org/10.1086/377612.
- Risku M, Lappalainen S, Rasanen S, Vesikari T. Detection of human coronaviruses in children with acute gastroenteritis. J Clin Virol. 2010;48(1):27-30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2010.02.013.
- Stewart JN, Mounir S, Talbot PJ. Human coronavirus gene expression in the brains of multiple sclerosis patients. Virology. 1992;191(1):502-505. https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(92)90220-j.
- Lu J, Cui J, Qian Z, et al. On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2. Natl Sci Rev. 2020;7(6): 1012-1023. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa036.
- The Economist/Briefing. Understanding SARS-CoV-2 and the drugs that might lessen its power. Mar 12th 2020. economist.com [Internet]. [cited 2020 Jul 6]. Available from: https://www.economist.com/briefing/2020/03/12/understanding-sars-cov-2-and-the-drugs-that-might-lessen-its-power.
- Tyrrell DA, Bynoe ML. Cultivation of a Novel Type of Common-Cold Virus in Organ Cultures. Br Med J. 1965;1(5448):1467-1470. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.1.5448.1467.
- Woo PC, Lau SK, Tsoi HW, et al. Clinical and molecular epidemiological features of coronavirus HKU1-associated community-acquired pneumonia. J Infect Dis. 2005;192(11):1898-1907. https://doi.org/10.1086/497151.
- Zaki AM, van Boheemen S, Bestebroer TM, et al. Isolation of a novel coronavirus from a man with pneumonia in Saudi Arabia. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(19):1814-1820. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1211721.
- Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(8):727-733. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2001017.
补充文件
![](/img/style/loading.gif)