卷 26, 编号 8 (2024)

Streptococcal infection is characterized by a variety of manifestations, from asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen to manifest and life-threatening forms. In contrast to the wide list of diseases caused by streptococci registered in ICD-10, in our country a direct indication of streptococcal etiology is usually applied only to scarlet fever, tonsillitis, streptoderma, rheumatic fever, rheumatic heart disease (valvular disease). In all other cases, in the absence of verification of the pathogen, they try not to include the streptococcal nature of the disease in the diagnosis. This applies to pharyngitis, pneumonia, infectious dermatitis, etc. Recently, in addition to the bacteriological method, a rapid test for group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) is often used to confirm streptococcal etiology. The diagnostic capabilities of this technique are low, and therefore a comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination is recommended to diagnose streptococcal infection. Carriers of streptococcus do not require antibacterial therapy. Another thing is for patients with tonsillitis, scarlet fever, suspicion of the development of rheumatic fever, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis. The author discusses and critically comprehends the complex problems of streptococcal infection in children and adolescents from the perspective of outpatient nursing practice.

The article examines the current issue of implementing artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in modern medical practice with a special focus on the role of nursing staff. The key areas of AI application in healthcare, the existing regulatory framework in the Russian Federation, and ethical aspects of using intelligent systems in medicine are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of nurses’ professional competencies in the context of healthcare digitalization. Based on the analysis of current practices and technology development prospects, recommendations are proposed for adapting educational programs and professional standards for nursing staff.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medical practice creates new opportunities to enhance the quality of healthcare while simultaneously posing significant ethical challenges. This article explores key ethical aspects of AI use in various fields of medicine, including genetic editing, molecular diagnostics, telemedicine, and clinical decision support systems. Special attention is given to the role of nurses in ensuring the ethical application of AI technologies and protecting patient rights. Current issues related to data confidentiality, informed consent, and potential risks of algorithmic bias are analyzed. The article emphasizes the need for a multidisciplinary approach to AI implementation and outlines the crucial role of nurses in this process.

Felty syndrome is a rare nosology. Being a complication of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, Felty syndrome develops only in 1% of patients suffering from this disease for 10 years. SF occurs most often in women aged 40–50 years. SF significantly weakens the immune system and reduces the quality of human life. On average, the life expectancy of patients with Felty syndrome is more than 10 years. But in the case of an aggressive course, a fatal outcome is possible. To date, the diagnostic criteria are the presence of antinuclear antibodies (especially antigranulocyte antibodies); detection of myeloid bone marrow hyperplasia with a shift towards immature cellular elements. Ultrasound reveals a significant enlargement of the spleen. The article talks about the main points of the clinical picture and diagnostic criteria that make it possible to identify this syndrome and adjust the therapy of patients.

Fabry disease is a rare X-linked inherited disorder that requires a comprehensive approach to medical care. This article examines the molecular mechanisms underlying the disease and their impact on the organization of nursing care, alongside practical experience in managing patients with this condition.

In medicine, a doctor, a specialist, performing any important manipulations regarding the life and health of a person, is faced with the fact that he needs additional hands. Nearby should be the one who is always at the ready - the doctor’s personal assistant. Is the assistant the same physician assistant, or a nurse practitioner? Turning to the etymology of the word «assistant,» it becomes obvious that he really should be there. From the above, it can be concluded that an assistant, namely a dental assistant, is not a nurse, but the same doctor’s assistant who helps the doctor do four-handed work to ensure high-quality and effective dental treatment. However, in the qualification directory of medical professions, such a position as «assistant dentist» is absent. Understanding the functionality of the dental assistant, it turns out that the assistant must know everything so that the doctor can fully focus on the treatment process and not be distracted by minor trifles. At first glance, it may seem that this is the usual business of a nurse, but the range of activities of a dental assistant during the reception of a patient is much wider. It is also worth noting the time savings: the minimum cumulative saving of the dentist’s working time when working with an assistant on the four-handed system at the therapeutic reception of one patient is 11.8 minutes. And do not forget about the importance of the human factor. When choosing a profession as an assistant dentist, you need to understand that it is necessary to act according to the clear instructions of the doctor with whom the assistant works in tandem. In the dentist’s office there are three main characters and each performs its own, individual, important function.

Тhe article describes the main problems of nurses: financing, personnel shortages, lack of qualifications, emotional burnout, and reveals their severity among nursing staff of dental medical organizations (n = 557). Respondents consider dissatisfaction with wages and salaries to be the leading problem (57.0%). Further opinions were distributed as follows: lack of junior medical personnel (49.0%); working for several doctors (47.2%); emotional burnout (38.2%); conflict situations in the team (13.1%). An analysis of the results of respondents’ opinions on the format of training events showed that half of the respondents (49.0%) prefer the online format; 33.4% – mixed format and only 25.7% of respondents – full-time format of educational events.