Vol 77, No 4 (2010)

The purpose of this work was to study: interrelation of different levels of technical equipping concerning agricultural enterprises in which various groups of agricultural population are occupied; influences of technical equipping characteristics and some environment factors on the base technologies and their groups in agricultural works. Expenditure of energy by the operator at work in social production and in personal subsidiary plot are determined. Advantages of one-stage technologies of harvesting with green manuring or soil preprocessing are shown. The possibility of using one-stage technologies on the basis of new high-efficiency combine harvester RSM-181 with axial-rotor thresher is proved. Base technological complexes of machines concerning all five groups of rural commodity producers are constructed.

The two-stage water vaporizing air coolers are suggested in two editions. These constructions are made in separated pattern: first (main) unit is a package of sequentially disposed air-to-water heat exchanger and irrigated by water packing, second (auxiliary) unit is a tower-cooler for cooling water in the air-to-water heat exchanger of first unit. The tower-cooler consist of irrigated packing in first edition of construction, second edition has a block of air conditioning. The introduction of two-stage water vaporizing air coolers is alternative of freon air-conditioner using, whereas benefit of energy efficiency is demonstrably.

The results of studying the process of grain material separation by means of energy-saving separator are considered. The article compares the theoretical and experimental dependences of completeness of screening grain mix components on the number of separating combs.

A fundamental construction of automatic adhesion weight increasing device for the wheel machine-and-tractor units' passability and roadhold improvement is proposed. The calculation of its main forces and dependences is also given.

A method for identifying the tractor drive wheels' tires by traction class according to the traction characteristics taken on the stubble of grain crops, by analogy with the identification of State Standard 27021-86, is suggested. The given method allows to estimate the accordance of tractor tire to the traction class by its potential traction characteristic.

The force interaction between soil and working member is considered to optimize the distance of throwing soil particles and to provide the necessary distribution of seeds over the growing space.

An operating mode of adaptive friction couplings of first generation with differentiated friction pairs is considered at the magnitude of feedback gain that surpasses the limiting value. It is shown that there is an amplification factor at which the exactitude of functioning of adaptive friction couplings raises. For the couplings of mentioned class a model of amplification factor optimisation is discovered.

The results of study of crushed grain fractions' motion in the mixing chamber of grain crusher are submitted. The factors affecting the speed are identified, and the numerical value of speed depending on these factors is found. A radius of cylindrical section of guide plate, providing the optimal speed of grain fractions when mixed with a preservative in the unloading chamber of grain crusher, is determined.

On the basis of experimental researches led with three models of mounted loading manipulators, the data is obtained allowing to specify dependence for the assessment of dynamic factor by load lifting for the most loaded root part of the boom. The given dependence allows, in consideration of an operating mode of the created manipulator, to receive an optimum design data of the boom on design stage.

The reasons why inventions in the field of farm mechanical engineering stay unclaimed are exposed on the example of potato harvesters. Concrete proposals concerning the organization of system for introduction of inventions into production are given.

14-16 сентября 2010 года в г. Углич Минсельхоз РФ, Россельхозакадемия, ВИМ и Росинформагротех проводят ХI Международную научно-практическую конференцию «Автоматизация и информационное обеспечение производственных процессов в сельском хозяйстве».