Selenium-rich native tellurium from the Ozernovskoe gold deposit (Kamchatka, Russia) and isomorphism in the Te‒Se system

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Based on the literature and original data, an attempt to characterize the isomorphism in the native tellurium — native selenium series has been made. A Se-enriched variety of native tellurium from the Ozernovskoe gold deposit (Kamchatka, Russia) is described. This very rare variety of native tellurium is widespread here. It forms nests and veinlets up to 10 cm thick and sometimes over 1 m long, clusters of needle-like to columnar crystals up to 1 cm long. Quartz, dickite, pyrite, maletoyvayamite, fahlores of the goldfieldite subgroup, fischesserite, gachingite, bohdanowiczite, and paraguanajuatite are associated with it. The Se content in the native tellurium from the Ozernovskoe deposit varies from 0.00 to 29.9 wt%; the latter value corresponds to the formula (Te0.59Se0.41). Using powder X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, the homogeneity of native tellurium samples from Ozernovskoe containing 12.5, 17.8 and 29.5 wt % Se, as well as its belonging to the isomorphous tellurium-selenium series were confirmed. Probably, a complete isomorphous series in the Se‒Te system is realized in nature, however, based on recent literature data, it can be assumed that ordered compounds of this system can also be formed in nature. A new type of gold-bearing mineralization, with maletoyvayamite and gachingite as the main mineral forms of gold, has been discovered in the ores enriched with native tellurium at the Ozernovskoe deposit.

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M. Strelnikov

Moscow State University

编辑信件的主要联系方式.
Email: sva240319600@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

I. Pekov

Moscow State University

Email: sva240319600@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

V. Yapaskurt

Moscow State University

Email: sva240319600@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

D. Ksenofontov

Moscow State University

Email: sva240319600@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

P. Pletnev

Moscow State University

Email: sva240319600@yandex.ru

Faculty of Geology

俄罗斯联邦, Moscow

参考

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2. Fig. 1. Chemical composition (in atomic proportions) of natural members of the selenium-tellurium series: а — according to earlier published data; б — only our data for samples from the Ozernovskoye deposit; в — both literature and our data

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3. Fig. 2. а — Section of the Fourth ore body in the quarry of the BAM part of the Ozernovskoye deposit: I — propylitized andesibasalts; II — argillized propylites; III—V — rocks of quartz-clay facies of argillisites; VI — argillisites of monoquartz facie; б — a fragment of a tellurium-dickite quartz vein with a breccia texture in tectonized argillisites of the monoquartz facie (the Second ore body, BAM part of the Ozernovskoye deposit); в — a large nest of native tellurium in a dickite-quartz aggregate; г — inclusions of native tellurium in a dickit-barite quartz vein with a breccia texture (with elements of a cockade texture). Native tellurium is partly replaced by sonoraite, tellurite, and mandarinoite here; д — an accumulation of elongated crystals of the native tellurium in quartz that is colored by thin aggregates of hypergenic native selenium. (а, б) — in situ photos in the quarry, 2024. Photo by M. V. Strelnikov. Te — native tellurium, Dck — dickite, Son — sonoraite, Gac — gachingite

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4. Fig. 3. а — Native tellurium (Te0.61Se0.39) with quartz and an aggregate of hypergenic tellurite/paratellurite (TeO2) and native selenium (sample O-1/1); б — Native tellurium (Te0.80Se0.20) that is partly replaced by supergene telluromandarinoite, tellurite/paratellurite and native selenium (sample O-7062); в — native tellurium (Te0.75Se0.25) that is partly replaced by tellurite/paratellurite and native selenium (sample. O-7056—2); г — inclusions of goldfieldite (that includes probably high amounts of selenium) in native tellurium (Te0.61Se0.39; sample O-1/1); д — pavonite-type Ag-Bi selenide intergrowth with paraguanahuatite and bogdanovichite (sample O-6853a); е — native tellurium (Te0.74Se0.26) interspersed with maletoyamite (sample O-19). Qz — quartz, Se — native selenium, Tmda — telluromandarinoite, Gf — goldfieldite, Se-Gf? — selenium-rich goldfieldite (?), Te — native tellurium, Boh — bohdanowiczite, Pgj — paraguanajuatite, Mty — maletoyvayamite

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5. Fig.4. а — inclusions of gachingite and pavonite-type Ag-Bi selenide in quartz from the sample in Figure 3г (photo in reflected light; sample sepav-2); б — telluromandarinoite and mustard gold around a grain of gachingite (sample sepav-2); в — “Te-rich selenium” at the edge of se-rich native tellurium (sample O-2-2); г — inclusion of low-selenium early native tellurium (Te0.94Se0.06) inside of the se-rich native tellurium (Te0.76Se0.24; sample О-19). Used mineral symbols: Gac — gachingite; Se — native selenium; Tmda? — telluromandarinoite (?); Au — gold; Qz — кварц

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6. Fig. 5. The correlation between the unit cell volume and the chemical composition of minerals of the selenium-tellurium series, according to our (Ozernovskoye deposit) and literature data: 1 — Bayliss, 1991, the dotted line marks the point on the diagram that is assumed to be for “hondurasite” (for details see text); 2 — Pautov et al., 2019; 3 — our data

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