Os odontoideum of C2 vertebra: History and current options to treatment. Literature review. Part 2

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Abstract

The second part of a literature review is presented on a rare pathology of the craniovertebral region, the os odontoideum of the C2 vertebra. This review is non-systematic and was conducted using the databases and search resources: PubMed, Google Scholar, and eLibrary. The second part of this literature review describes historical, including conservative, treatment tactics for patients with os odontoideum, peculiarities of preoperative planning and preparation, as well as modern techniques and options for surgical treatment.

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About the authors

Alexander A. Kuleshov

Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: cito-spine@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9526-8274
SPIN-code: 7052-0220

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.)

Russian Federation, Moscow

Alexey N. Shkarubo

Burdenko National Scientific and Practical Center for Neurosurgery

Email: Ashkarubo@nsi.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3445-3115
SPIN-code: 3420-3394

MD, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher

Russian Federation, Moscow

Vladislav A. Sharov

Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Author for correspondence.
Email: sharov.vlad397@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0801-0639
SPIN-code: 8062-9216

Traumatologist-Orthopedist

Russian Federation, Moscow

Marchel S. Vetrile

Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: vetrilams@cito-priorov.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6689-5220
SPIN-code: 9690-5117

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Traumatologist-Orthopedist

Russian Federation, Moscow

Igor N. Lisyansky

Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: lisigornik@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2479-4381
SPIN-code: 9845-1251

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Traumatologist-Orthopedist

Russian Federation, Moscow

Sergey N. Makarov

Priorov National Medical Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics

Email: moscow.makarov@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0406-1997
SPIN-code: 2767-2429

MD, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Traumatologist-Orthopedist

Russian Federation, Moscow

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Supplementary files

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2. Fig. 1. Algorithm for selecting the method of treatment for patients with os odontoideum.

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3. Fig. 2. C1-C2 Goel fixation techniques. a — illustration of technique, b — the X-ray in lateral view.

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4. Fig. 3. C1-C2 Harms and Melcher fixation technique. a — side view, b — back view, с — the X-ray in lateral view.

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5. Fig. 4. The combined C1-C2 fixation technique described by Al-Barbarawi.

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6. Fig. 5. C1-C2 fixation technique by Magerl. a — back view, b — side view.

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7. Fig. 6. Scheme of staged complex reduction by J. Liu et al.

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8. Fig. 7. a — scheme of endoscopic endonasal approach and removal of the C2 dens, b — condition after endoscopic transnasal resection of invaginated C2 dens and decompression, c — CVJ bone structures, d — resection of the anterior half ring of the C1, e — resection of C2 dens, part C2 body and the lower parts of basion.

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