Vol XLV, No 4 (2013)

As part of a psychosocial adaptation research project involving patients with cardiac pacemakers implanted in childhood, a group of 45 patients, who had undergone a pacemaker implantation surgery prior to 18 years old, was examined. The research was aimed at studying the internal picture of the disease and coping factors determining the success of psychological and social adaptation. Although the patients did have psychic disorders and disability statuses, they showed high social and labor adaptation levels. However, patients over 18 years old showed interpsychic behavioral reactions to their disorders, while those under 18 years old showed intrapsychic reactions, which signified presence of adaptation issues. They showed a few coping that testified to their personalized susceptibility to psychosomatic and depressive disorders. Those included failure to follow doctors’ recommendations (exposure to physical strains, pregnancy and birth). The domination of the first (adaptive) group of types of reaction toward the disease, which were detected in both groups, as well as the choice of meaningful or relatively meaningful coping strategies made a basis for further psychocorrective work.

In the context of preliminary analysis of the DSM-5 authors emphasize the significance of the introduction the term and the concept of schizophrenic spectrum of mental disorders and positive change of the elimination of the schizophrenia’s subtypes presented in the previous version of DSM-IV-TR (2000) and the exclusion of the definition of bizarre delusions. Especially significant is the presence of III Section that includes the category of Cultural Formulation the Alternative Model for the Personality Disorders. Classification the term “gender dysphoria” refers to an individual’s affective/cognitive discontent with the assigned gender. In general DSM-5 is regarded as a useful instrument for diagnosis and analysis of psychic disorders in post-contemporary culture.

Harm reduction strategy does not see complete abstinence as the only goal of treatment. Unreadiness for immediate rejection of alcohol consumption should not be a barrier to helping to reduce the negative effects of alcohol abuse, especially in cases where the standard treatments do not produce the expected results. Such an approach is consistent with the behavioral patterns of dependence and provides more treatment options, which would otherwise not be used.

This review considers the psychological mechanisms of risk behavior in HIV infection and its relationship with addictive behavior. The problem of psychological adaptation with HIV and its determining factors, such as psychological defense mechanisms, coping behavior and attitudes towards the disease are considered. Tools for mental health improvement in HIV-infected patients are offered. It is concluded that the close relationship of HIV with mental illness makes it necessary to address issues of psychological adaptation of patients and epidemiological safety in the practical work of psychiatrists and clinical psychologists.

There was given a definition of «alien» limb. There were revealed and considered the main forms of this phenomena with detailed coverage of the history of this syndrome. Differential diagnostics of this phenomenon was studied. Classification of «alien» limb syndrome was offered. A clinical supervision was presented.

The correlative analysis of the degree of intensity of the emotional burnout syndrome and factors affecting the emergence and development of the doctors-narcologists in outpatient and hospital practice has been carried out. Assessment of indicators of the emotional burnout syndrome was carried out on the basis of V.V. Boyko’s «Burn-out» questionnaire. For the analysis of correlation of «pathogenic factors» and emotional burnout syndrome of doctors-narcologists in hospital and outpatient Pearson’s coefficient was applied. The data received during research, will determine the target for adequate correction against non-adaptable reactions and develop recommendations to ensure the preservation and promotion of mental health of doctors-experts in narcology.

The article presents the results of clinical and genetic study of 42 patients with alcohol addiction, having been examined according to the genetic profile and of the technique of TCI-125. The survey revealed that people with a high level of genetic predisposition to alcoholism have higher scores in the «Harm Avoidance» and lower rates on scales of «Perseverance» and «Reward Dependence» compared with a group of patients with low genetic risk.

In the article the data of experimental research of120 persons, who are alcohol dependent and persons without alcohol addiction is presented. The results of research show an increase in temporal characteristics of response to objectively important and objectively unimportant stimuli in groups of alcohol dependent subjects and subjects without alcohol addiction; significant differences in temporal characteristics between subjects with and without alcohol addiction. The following interrelations of associative reactions in cases of alcohol addiction have been established: echo-reactions and consonant reactions; by adjacency and consonant reactions; determinative and refusal reactions; determinative and perservatory reactions. The presented specialties indicate the existence of specific associative mechanisms in state of alcohol addiction.

The results of the study of the phenomenon study of procrastination in the structure of personal defense and coping behaviors of addiction persons (alcohol and opioids) and of healthy persons are given. The differences in the structure of the individual defense mechanisms and coping strategies in addiction persons and of healthy person are shown. The differences in correlation of the parameters studied are described.. The resulting data can be used to develop new technologies of clinical-psychological support of addiction.