The prospects of probiotics and prebiotics in the diet of military personnel in extreme conditions

Cover Page


Cite item

Full Text

Open Access Open Access
Restricted Access Access granted
Restricted Access Subscription or Fee Access

Abstract

The prospects of using probiotics and prebiotics in the diets of military personnel in extreme conditions have been studied. Domestic and foreign publications were used as the research material using the database of the United States (US) National Library of Medicine, Medline, and PubMed search engine. The nutrition of military personnel in extreme conditions should aim to improve diets by including functional nutrition products in their composition, such as probiotics and prebiotics. Herein, presented the modern concept of targeted probiotics, as well as the advantages of metabolic probiotics (metabiotics). The study results of the combined prebiotic in military personnel under environmental and professional stress, as well as in crew members in a closed hermetic object, are presented. The positive effect of probiotics and prebiotics in persons of dangerous professions against the background of excessive physical exertion or having a reduced nutritional status was revealed. The study of the metabiotic “Bactistatin” confirmed its effectiveness as a means of nutritional and metabolic rehabilitation of military personnel with inadequate body weight. The inclusion in the diets of products that normalize the microbiom is recognized as one of the directions for improving the nutrition of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization military personnel. Probiotics and prebiotics in the US Army diets contributed to intestinal infection prevention and immune system strengthening, thereby increasing endurance, physical, and cognitive performance during combat stress, and thus improving adaptation in extreme conditions. Domestic and foreign experience in the use of probiotics and prebiotics in diets has shown the prospects of their use as a means to improve the health and the military-professional of military personnel in extreme conditions of life.

Full Text

Restricted Access

About the authors

Tatyana I. Subbotina

Military medical academy of S.M. Kirov

Email: Subbotina-vmeda.subbotina@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3217-8191
SPIN-code: 9349-2880

doctor of medical sciences, senior scientific employee

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Galina A. Smirnova

Military medical academy of S.M. Kirov

Email: smirnova2006@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9396-5474
SPIN-code: 4976-3344

сandidate of biological sciences

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Elena V. Kravchenko

Military medical academy of S.M. Kirov

Email: helenkrav72@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6735-3466
SPIN-code: 2746-7809

senior researcher

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Anton I. Andriyanov

Military medical academy of S.M. Kirov

Email: airdoctor@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4127-414X
SPIN-code: 2291-0966

candidate of medical sciences

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

Alexander L. Smetanin

Military medical academy of S.M. Kirov

Author for correspondence.
Email: smet.alex1957@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0663-9369
SPIN-code: 9373-6123

candidate of medical sciences, senior scientific researcher

Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg

References

  1. Chernikov OG, Kulnev SV, Kupriyanov SA, et al. Features of the organization of medical support for troops (forces) in the arctic zone. Military medical journal. 2020;341(4):4–11. (In Russ.).
  2. Volchenkova AV, Kelekhsashvili LV, Sokolova AS, et al. Trofologicheskii status voennosluzhashchikh i naseleniya, prozhivayushchikh v usloviyakh Krainego Severa. IProceedings of the International science conference "Problemy sokhraneniya zdorov'ya i obespecheniya sanitarno-ehpidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchiya v Arktike". Saint Petersburg; 2019. P. 22–25. (In Russ.).
  3. Ugolev AM. Teoriya adekvatnogo pitaniya i trofologiya. Saint-Petersburg: Nauka; 1991. 271 p. (In Russ.).
  4. Tkachenko EI. Paradigm of dysbiosis in the modern gastroenterology. The role of microbiota in the treatment and prevention of diseases in the XXI century. Experimental and clinical gastroenterology journal. 2014;(5):4–8. (In Russ.).
  5. Sheveleva SA, Kuvaeva IB, Efimochkina NR, et al. Gut microbiome: from the reference of the norm to pathology. Problems of nutrition. 2020;89(4):35–51. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10040
  6. Tkachenko EI, Uspenskii YuP. Pitanie, mikrobiotsenoz i intellekt cheloveka. Saint-Petersburg: SpetsLit, 2006. 590 p. (In Russ.).
  7. Uspenskiy YP, Fominykh YA, Nadzhafova KN, Polyushkin SV. Probiotics in the Modern World. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2020;30(2):76–89. (In Russ.). doi: 10.22416/1382-4376-2020-30-3-24-35
  8. Sharonov AN, Lopatin SA, Sharonov EA, Novoselov SA. O kachestve ratsionov pitaniya dlya Arktiki. II Proceedings of the International science conference «Problemy sokhraneniya zdorov'ya i obespecheniya sanitarno-ehpidemiologicheskogo blagopoluchiya v Arktike». 2019. Saint-Petersburg. P. 311–317. (In Russ.).
  9. Kryukov EV, Novozhenov VG. Izmeneniya perekisnogo gomeostaza u voennosluzhashchikh v protsesse adaptatsii k sluzhbe i klimatogeograficheskim usloviyam regiona prebyvaniya. Military medical journal. 2003;324(5):28–34. (In Russ.).
  10. Solonin YuG, Boyko ER. Medical and physiological aspects of vital activity in the Arctic. Arctic: ecology and economy. 2015;(1):70–75. (In Russ.).
  11. Apchel V.Ya., Zagorodnikov G.G., Zagorodnikov G.N. Dynamic medical observation of flight personnel in the conditions of the Far North - the basis of primary prevention of adaptation disorders. Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy. 2020;2(70):51–54. (In Russ.).
  12. Novitskii AA. Profilaktika i korrektsiya sindroma ehkologo-professional'nogo (adaptivnogo) perenapryazheniya u spetsialistov, rabotayushchikh v Arkticheskoi zone. Saint Petersburg: Politekhnika-print; 2015. 48 p. (In Russ.).
  13. Solonin IuG. Latitude factor in human physiology (review). Vestnik Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo meditsinskogo universiteta. 2020;(1-2):65–68. (In Russ.).
  14. Kryukov EV. Izmeneniya perekisnogo okisleniya lipidov i gemostaza u voennosluzhashchikh v protsesse adaptatsii k voennoi sluzhbe. Military medical journal. 2003;324(11):72–73. (In Russ.).
  15. Minushkin ON, Yelizavetina GA, Ardatskaya MD. Microbial dysbalance and its correction. Ehffektivnaya farmakoterapiya. 2013;(4):4–8. (In Russ.).
  16. Shul'pekova YuO. Probiotiki i produkty funktsional'nogo pitaniya. Russian Journal of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Coloproctology. 2012;22(3):70–79. (In Russ.).
  17. Bondarenko VM, Rybalchenko OV. Analysis of prophylactic and therapeutic effect of probiotic preparations from position of new scientific technologies. Journal of Microbiology, Epidemiology and Immunobiology. 2015;(2):90–104. (In Russ.).
  18. Rezolyutsiya Ehkspertnogo soveta po voprosam ehffektivnosti, bezopasnosti i regulyatornym aspektam primeneniya probiotikov v RF i drugikh stranakh. Infectious diseases. 2015;13(4):53–56. (In Russ.).
  19. Tikhonov DG. Arkticheskaya meditsina. Yakutsk: YaNTs SO RAN; 2010. 317 p. (In Russ.).
  20. Pogozheva AV, Sheveleva SA, Markova YuM. Role of probiotics in nutrition of healthy and ill person. Lechaschi vrach. 2017;(5):67. (In Russ.). DOI: 2017/05/15436730
  21. Plaza-Diaz J, Ruiz-Ojeda FJ, Gil-Campos M, Gil A. Mechanisms of Action of Probiotics. Adva Nutr Sci. 2019;10(1):49–66. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy063
  22. Davani-Davari D, Negahdaripour M, Karimzadeh M, et al. Prebiotics: definition, types, sources, mechanisms, and clinical applications. Foods. 2019;8(3):92. doi: 10.3390/foods8030092
  23. Andrianov AI, Kirichenko NN, Subbotina TI, et al. Vitamin status of soldiers and its correction. Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy. 2016;(3):239–244. (In Russ.).
  24. Grinevich VB, Sas EI, Bogdanov IV, Dyachuk AI. Korrektsiya mikrobiotsenoza kishechnika – bazovaya sostavlyayushchaya terapii vnutrennikh boleznei. All-army proceedings science conference "Sostoyanie i problemy lechebnogo pitaniya i osnovnye napravleniya ego sovershenstvovaniya v lechebnykh uchrezhdeniyakh Ministerstva oborony Rossiiskoi Federatsii". Saint Petersburg; 2008. P. 7–14. (In Russ.).
  25. Zakharenko SM. Probiotics: a new or an old concept? Medical Council. 2018;(14):56–60. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2018-14-56–60
  26. Shortt C, Hasselwander O, Meynier A, et al. Systematic review of the effects of the intestinal microbiota on selected nutrients and non-nutrients. Eur J Nutr. 2018;57:25–49. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1546-4
  27. Shenderov BA, Sinitsa AI, Zakharchenko MM. Metabiotiki: vchera, segodnya, zavtra. Saint-Petersburg: OOO "Kraft"; 2017. 80 p. (In Russ.).
  28. World Gastroenterology Organisation. Global Guidelines. Probiotics and prebiotics. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2017;51(9):35. doi: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000000919
  29. Markova YuM, Sheveleva SA. Probiotics as functional foods: production and approaches to evaluating of the effectiveness. Problems of Nutrition. 2014;83(4):5–14. (In Russ.).
  30. Usenko DV, Nikolaeva SV. Probiotiki i probioticheskie produkty – dan' mode ili dokazannaya ehffektivnost'? Lechaschi vrach. 2014;(2):52–55. (In Russ.).
  31. Xu Z, Knight R. Dietary effects on human gut microbiome diversity. Br J Nutr. 2015;113(51):1–5. doi: 10.1017/S0007114514004127
  32. Tutelyan VA, Nikityuk DB, Baturin AK, et al. Nutriome as the direction of the “main blow”: determination of physiological needs in macroand micronutrients, minor biologically active substances. Problems of Nutrition. 2020. Т. 89, № 4. С. 24–34. (In Russ.). doi: 10.24411/0042-8833-2020-10039
  33. Ardatskaya MD. Probiotics, prebiotics and metabiotics in the management of microecological bowel disorders. Medical Council. 2015;(13):94–99. (In Russ.). doi: 10.21518/2079-701X-2015-13-94-99
  34. Smirnov SK, Ilyin VK, Usanova NA, Orlov OI. Effect of prophylactic consumption of prebiotic "Eubikor" on microflora in an experiment with isolation. Aerospace and Environmental Medicine. 2016;50(2):53–56. (In Russ.).
  35. Mikhailov VG, Varlachev AV, Chumakov NV. Issledovanie ehffektivnosti primeneniya vitaminno-mineral'nogo-aminokislotnogo kompleksa dlya korrektsii fizicheskoi rabotosposobnosti lits opasnykh professii. Military Medical Journal. 2012;333(4):75–76. (In Russ.).
  36. Trofimov SA. Optimizatsiya ratsiona pitaniya voennosluzhashchikh po prizyvu na osnove izucheniya osobennostei voennogo truda [dissertation]. Nizhny Novgorod; 2011. 124 p. (In Russ.).
  37. Korotunov YuV. Gigienicheskie osobennosti kompleksa meropriyatii po korrektsii statusa pitaniya voennosluzhashchikh, imeyushchikh belkovo-ehnergeticheskuyu nedostatochnost' [dissertation]. Nizhny Novgorod; 2002. 132 p. (In Russ.).
  38. Volkov MYu. Korrektsiya narushenii mikrobiotsenoza kombinirovannym metabolitnym probiotikom Baktistatin. International congress "Probiotiki, prebiotiki, sinbiotiki i funktsional'nye produkty pitaniya. Fundamental'nye i klinicheskie aspekty". Saint Petersburg; 2007. P. 29. (In Russ.).
  39. Shabanova GJ, Uspenskij YuP, Apechkina EI, et al. Modern approaches to rehabilitation of military personnel with a body weight deficit. Kazan Medical Journal. 2009;90(2):119–124. (In Russ.).
  40. Agapitov AA, Aleinikov SI, Bolekhan VN, et al. Medical research in the US armed forces (review of foreign internet-publications). Military Medical Journal. 2012;333(10):72–78. (In Russ.).
  41. Lavelle A, Hoffmann TW, Pham HP, et al. Baseline microbiota composition modulates antibiotic-mediated effects on the gut microbiota and host. Microbiome. 2019;7:111. doi: 10.1186/s40168-019-0725-3
  42. Sanders ME, Korzenic J. The Potential Impact of Probiotics and Prebiotics on Gastrointestinal and Immune Health of Combat Soldier. In: Nutrient composition of ration for short-term, high-intensity combat operation. Washington, D.C.; 2006. P. 341–361.
  43. Anderson AD, McNaught CE, Jain PK, MacFie J. Randomised clinical trial of synbiotic therapy in elective surgical patients. Gut. 2004;53(2):241–245. doi: 10.1136/gut.2003.024620

Supplementary files

There are no supplementary files to display.


Copyright (c) 2022 Subbotina T.I., Smirnova G.A., Kravchenko E.V., Andriyanov A.I., Smetanin A.L.

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

This website uses cookies

You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.

About Cookies