Vol 8, No 3 (2011)

The review presents modern views on surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis. Characteristic and an estimation of efficiency of the basic method of surgical treatment of chronic pancreatitis are proposed.

The overview of the recent data on the endothelial system of the organism, its role in the development of pathological processes and the ways of its prevention is presented.

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on 2467 patients with acute cholecystitis. All complications were manged by minimally invasive technologies. A conversion was observed in 11 (0,4 %) cases, mortality was at 1,1 %.Thus we can make a conclusion that at this modern stage of endosurgery laporoscopic surgery becomes a treatment of choice for management of acute cholecytitis.

A study of the functional condition of medical students' feet according to their somatotype was conducted with increasing load. A computer-aided system for investigation of functional parameters of the foot was developed. The complex consists of medical scales, a scanner and software processing the information. One hundred and five male students were studied using this complex.

Retrospective pharmacoepidemiological study of antibiotic consumption in community-acquired pneumonia in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 in hospitals of Volgograd was performed. Administration of antibiotics in hospitals ranged from 108,9 to 173,3 with mean of 130,6 ± 29,3 DDD/100 bed-days. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotics (46,2 %). Penicillins, quinolones and macrolides were prescribed in 6,6, 14,5, 21,7 and 2,7 % for severe CAP, and 7,5, 20,2, 11,7, 7,4 % for non-severe CAP, respectively. The obtained data on the structure and volume of consumptions of antibiotics can be used for improvement of quality of pharmacotherapy of CAP for the given group of patients.

A technique of immunoenzyme diagnostics of the level of antibodies to Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) on the basis of an immobilized form of magnet sorbent was developed for immune diagnostics of systemic sclerosis (SS) for the first time. Antibodies to SOD were found in sera of SS patients, their concentration correlates with the activity and course of disease. It is shown that the level of antibodies to SOD reliably differs from content of these antibodies in sera of healthy individuals. Detection of antibodies to SOD by means of the proposed method can be used as one of tests for SS diagnostics to determine the extent and course of the disease. The data we obtained demonstrate that antibodies to SOD invoke a decrease of enzymatic activity in vitro. Therefore the antibodies to enzyme may be one of the possible causes of decrease of SOD activity in patients.

Functional status of adrenal cortex was studied in 125 patients suffering from long-term psychoneurological consequences of acute poisoning with sarin or soman. It was revealed that the severity of inhibition of some parameters was dependent on the stage of central nervous system lesion as well as on the nature of prevailing psychoneurological syndrome.

The aim of this pilot study is to reveal modern trends in public opinion considering the role of an anesthesiologist as a medical team member.

To estimate the involvement of rat liver and myocardium in alcoholisation and experimental alcoholic pancreatitis, we estimated the content of lactate, pyruvate, reduced glutathione and its enzymes as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. The development of alcoholic pancreatitis was accompanied by a rise of antioxidant parameters in the liver and myocardium followed by a depression of catalase activity while SOD and glutathione dependent enzymes were activated. All these parameters increased in the myocardium. Experimental alcoholic pancreatitis involved the liver and myocardium more strongly than the chronic alcohol intake.

One of the side effects of polychemotherapy is the development of progressive myocardial dysfunction. Changes in diastolic left ventricular filling are considered the earliest markers that precede a full-scale clinical picture of heart failure. There is a correlation between the changes in oxygen transport function of the blood and the development of diastolic myocardial dysfunction. The possibility of cardiac complications must be considered during cancer chemotherapy, and cardiotrophic therapy must be timely prescribed which will help to reduce the complication rate.

NSP mutants of B. cepacia 25416 with multiple sensitivity to antibiotics and defective in expression of porin OpcP1 (Mr 36 kDa) were obtained by chemical mutagenesis. Transformation of the NSP mutant with parental strain DNA comlements antibiotic resistance and restores production of porin OpcP1. PCR-analysis reveals the sequence of the opcP1 gene in transformants.

This article is a review of findings from additional immunization within the framework of Health priority national project in the Volgograd region, as well as sociological monitoring of mass immunization of students of different profile high schools.

A questionnaire of 565 parents who have children under 3, and 117 pediatricians revealed that 25,5 % of parents had an apparatus for home physiotherapy, but only 36,8 % pediatricians responded that it was used correctly A conclusion is made that education among parents is desirable.

This article presents data characterizing the peculiarities of immune status of patients with terminal stage renal disease receiving peritoneal dialysis, depending on susceptibility to dialysis peritonitis. It was shown that frequency of incidence and severity of the course of dialysis peritonitis depend on the extent of innate depression mechanisms and adaptive immunity, as well as imbalance of cytokine immunoregulation.

Results of a comparative estimation of quality of life in patients with bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease initially and after 12 weeks of combination therapy are presented. The estimation was performed using St. George Hospital Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), Russian version.

Complex restorative treatment with a course of mud therapy in children with diseases of the respiratory system has a strong therapeutic effect. Dynamics of clinical and laboratory tests on the basis of basal and pelotherapy with silt mud is similar to basis therapy with clay and sulfur. Statistically significant results are superior to the effectiveness of the complex basic therapy.

80 newborns with necrotizing enterocolitis were observed from 2006-2009 in Nizhniy Novgorod Children's Municipal Clinical Hospital № 1. The analysis of parameters of blood was carried out with the help of standard methods developed for public health care services. The data of laboratory diagnostics reflected a picture of inflammatory process, but were not specific for necrotizing enterocolitis. Conservative therapy was effective in 58 (72,5 %) cases, 22 (27,5 %) patient were operated on. In postoperative period mortality was 50 %.

Atypical course of any disease is associated with difficulties and errors in diagnosis, unsatisfactory treatments results. This article presents data on variations of the atypical clinical course of acute cholecystitis, including the concealed form of destructive cholecystitis.