Vol 3, No 2 (2006)

The paper reviews the problems of terminology, diagnostic criteria, epidemiology, classification, etiology, and pathogenesis of functional disorders and approaches to their treatment.

We have studied the morphology of pericardium and parietal peritoneum in patients after open-heart operations with concomitant abdominal pathologies. The morphology of pericardium and parietal peritoneum was studied before and after cardiopulmonary bypass. We have ascertained that there is disturbance of microcirculation both in the pericardium and the parietal peritoneum, which provides evidences for hypoperfusion of the organs of the abdominal cavity. Such changes can cause early postoperative complications in the organs of the abdominal cavity.

The purpose of the research was the study of cellular immune status and serum cytokines at patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and Barrett's esophagus. We have studied 70 patients with erosive GERD and 42 patients with Barrett's esophagus. 30 patients with chronic gastritis and 25 healthy subjects comprised the groups of control. Endoscopy, morphological, immunological methods of research have been used. Distinctions in parameters of cellular immune status and serum level of interleukin-4, interleukin-8, interleukin-10 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha at patients with GERD in dynamics of treatment and patients with Barrett's esophagus were determined.

The frequency of clinical symptoms of intestinal dysfunction and endoscopic picture at patients with a chronic cholecystitis were determined. It was shown that in 30,6 % patients with chronic noncalculous cholecystitis and in 92,5 % with chronic calculous cholecystitis the chronic colitis is registered. It was demonstrated that decreased number of motilin- and substance P-producing cells in the small and large intestine and bacterial overgrowth are risk factors of cholelithiasis.

For the first time a new Russian drug Dibicor was used to improve the effect of postpartum endometritis treatment. Clinical researches and the results of the immune tests prove its high immunopotentiating activity. Its use results in milder clinical course of postpartum endometritis and reduced duration of postpartum hospital stay.

Comparative evaluation of administration of poly- and monoclonal antilymphocytic antibodies in the treatment of acute rejection of a kidney transplant was carried out. High effectiveness of antilymphocytic antibodies in the treatment of acute rejection was revealed. The highest one-year durability of transplants is registered when monoclonal human anti-CD3-antibodies are administered.

The study revealed the cardiotoxic effect of 32 % ethanol solution in a dose of 8 g/kg after single intraperitoneal administration, which manifested itself as a reduction of inotropic resources of the heart when going through functional tests. The research showed that phenibut (50mg/kg) and ferulic acid (30 mg/kg) administered separately according to the following pattern (phenibut 25mg/kg+ ferulic acid 15 mg/kg) prevent the harmful effect of alcohol on the heart, increasing contractility of the myocardium. The protective effect of the agents is ascribed to their antioxidant properties which are of great importance for preventing any damage of cardimyocyte and their mitochondria membranes.

Hypo- and antihypertensive effect of 5 different compositions of amlodipine tablets was studied. The maximal hypotensive effect was displayed by compositions 2 and 4. Their antihypertension effect on rats (SHR) demonstrated high activity which was equivalent to the original drug of Norvasc.

The paper presents an analysis of modern diagnostic methods and management of patients with portal hypertension complicated by esophageal-gastric hemorrhage.

The paper analyses students' academic activities and correlates the notions of learning and academic activity.