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No 7 (2010)

Articles

GENERAL ISSUES OF MODERN PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY

Aleksandrovskiy Y.A., Aleksandrovsky Y.

Abstract

The principal stages of formation of modern psychopharmacology are presented. It is emphasized that psychotropic drugs have produced a revolution in psychiatry, have created the prerequisites for the development of so-called biological psychiatry, and have contributed to the restructuring of mental illness and organization principles of medical care of psychiatric patients. The article is dedicated to the general characteristics of clinico-pharmacological action of psychopharmacological drugs and approaches to its fundamental analysis.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):10-12
pages 10-12 views

VASCULAR DEMENTIA: PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

Damulin I.V., Damulin I.

Abstract

The article reviews the pathogenetic, clinical and therapeutic aspects of vascular dementia. The heterogeneity of this condition is emphasized. It is noted that pathological changes in the brain and clinical manifestations of these changes are characterized by certain "cerebral reserve". In contrast to Alzheimer's disease, mnestic disorders only are rarely dominate in the clinical performance of vascular lesions of the brain. The author presented data for the treatment of vascular dementia. Response to treatment should be carefully evaluated for each patient, given the relatively frequent occurrence of paradoxical reactions and side effects of therapy.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):13-18
pages 13-18 views

USE OF CITALOPRAM FOR THE TREATMENT OF AFFECTIVE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS: LITERATURE REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DRUG PRAM IN PATIENTS WITH BORDERLINE STATES

Yastrebov D.V., Yastrebov D.

Abstract

The general principles for the use of modern antidepressant drugs, data for the comparative effectiveness of various antidepressants with emphasis on selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram are presented. The article discusses the selection criteria of antidepressants in the light of the peculiarities of their metabolism, drug interactions, and suicidal risk. The results of monotherapy with citalopram (drug Pram) in patients with symptoms of generalized anxiety or social anxiety disorder are presented. The findings confirm the justification for the choice of citalopram (drug Pram) as a drug for long-term therapy due to its efficacy and high tolerability. Drug with a pronounced therapeutic effect at a dose of 20-40 mg per day is effective in major manifestations of generalized and social anxiety.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):19-26
pages 19-26 views

VERTEBROBASILAR INSUFFICIENCY: MECHANISMS OF DEVELOPMENT AND METHODS OF TREATMENT

Kamchatnov P.R., Chugunov A.V., Mikhaylova N.A., Kamchatnov P., Chugunov A., Mikhailova N.

Abstract

The article presents current conceptions of the pathogenesis of vertebrobasilar insufficiency (VBI), and discuses approaches to the diagnosis of this disease. It is emphasized that care for patients with established VBI should be conducted in accordance with the principles of treatment and secondary prevention of cerebrovascular disorders. In patients with VBI, administration of antiplatelets, primarily aspirin, and drugs with combined vasodilator, antiplatelet and neurometabolic action is medically necessary. One of these drugs is Vasobral, which consist of α-dihydroergocryptine and caffeine.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):27-31
pages 27-31 views

Nimodipine (Nimotop) in cognitive disturbances

Damulin I.V., Damulin I.V.

Abstract

This article discusses mechanisms of action and clinical effect of calcium channel blocker nimodipine. It is emphasized that to date this drug is used for subarachnoid hemorrhage, ischemic stroke and dementia of different genesis (vascular and primary degenerative). This drug has not only symptomatic action, improving the cognitive and behavioral function in patients with dementia, but also impact on the mechanisms of development of cognitive disorders. Side effects during therapy are rare, and it seems particularly important for of elderly and senile patients.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):32-38
pages 32-38 views

EPILEPSY FIRST OCCURED IN ELDERLY PATIENTS: DIAGNOSIS, DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, THERAPY

Vlasov P.N., Shakhabasova Z.S., Filatova N.V., Vlasov P., Shahabasova Z., Filatova N.

Abstract

The features of epilepsy in elderly patients are prevalence of focal symptomatic and cryptogenic seizures, frequent combination with concomitant mental and somatic pathology, and relative efficiency of low-dose antiepileptic drugs (AED). Therapeutic decision depends on the form of epilepsy/type of seizures, concomitant disease and applied medicines in this connection. We presents the data for the promising application of "nonmetabolizing" AED, such as gabapentin, levetiracetam and pregabalin, and drugs with controlled release of active substance in middle age and elderly patients.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):40-47
pages 40-47 views

ANTIOXIDANT THERAPY OF DIABETIC POLYNEUROPATHY

Tabeeva G.R., Azimova Y.E., Tabeeva G., Azimova Y.

Abstract

One of the most common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a polyneuropathy (PNP). The article presents statistical data, classification of diabetic neuropathy, diagnostic criteria, pathogenesis and principles of treatment of this complication of DM. The blood glucose level control and metabolic therapy with α-lipoic (thioctic) acid are major pathogenetic-based methods of treatment of DM. Thiogamma is effective, safe and easy to use form of α-lipoic acid, which can be administered for the treatment of different categories of patients with DM, including children, and patients with different forms of diabetic PNP.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):48-52
pages 48-52 views

EXPERIENCE OF SOLCOSERYL USE FOR THE TREATMENT OF VERTEBROGENIC RADICULO-ISHEMIC SYNDROME IN NEUROLOGY PRACTICE IN OUTPATIENT SETTINGS

Lebedev I.A., Lebedev I.

Abstract

The present article is concerned with mechanisms of vertebrogenic radiculo-ishemic syndrome (RIS), the experience of the solcoseryl use in comprehensive treatment of 82 patients with RIS compared with a control group of 85 patients with RIS. Among patients receiving solcoseryl, 70% achieved "moderate" and "good" total effect, whereas only 46% of patients in the control group achieved such effect. A similar pattern occurred with respect to individual components of RIS (pain syndrome and sensory-autonomic disorders). It was noted that solcoseryl is drug with high tolerability.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):53-55
pages 53-55 views

Psychiatric disturbances in cardiological practice

Artyukhova M.G., Artuhova M.G.

Abstract

Modern medical studies pay great attention to the issues of relation between mental and somatic pathology, particularly in cardiology. A great number of comorbid mental and somatic disorders were recognized. Mental illnesses, most often found in cardiac patients were defined. The combined use of psychotropic and cardiotropic drugs in the treatment of cardiac patients was well-founded.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):56-58
pages 56-58 views

FEATURES OF EARLY REHABILITATION PERIOD IN WOMEN WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN THE VERTEBROBASILAR SYSTEM

Arkhipenko I.V., Gulyaev S.A., Arkhipenko I., Gulyaev S.

Abstract

The study was aimed to examination of Actovegin effectiveness in 50 working women with first ischemic stroke in vertebrobasilar system (VBS), who received treatment in a neurological hospital and in the outpatient setting. It was shown that regression of objective neurological symptoms in patients treated with Actovegin have occurred earlier than in patients who have not use the drug. Subjectively, many patients noted a significant decrease in overall weakness, fatigue, sleep disorders, as well as improvement of attention concentration, learning of new information, and mood as a result of treatment.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):59-62
pages 59-62 views

NEURODICLOVIT: POTENTIAL USE IN PATIENTS WITH DORSALGIA

Boyko A.N., Batysheva T.T., Kostenko E.V., Pivovarchik E.M., Ganzhula P.A., Ismailov A.M., Lisinker L.N., Khozova A.A., Otcheskaya O.V., Kamchatnov P.R., Kamchatnov P., Boyko A., Batysheva T., Kostenko E., Pivivarchik E., Ganghula P., Ismailov A., Lisinker L., Khozova A., Otcheskaya O.

Abstract

The article presented the results of clinical study aimed to examination of clinical efficacy, tolerability and safety of Neurodiclovit (diclofenac + B group vitamins) in an outpatient neurology practice in 60 patients with acute pain syndrome secondary to herniation of intervertebral disk. It is shown that Neurodiclovit is effective and safe drug for patients with acute pain syndrome, caused by degenerative and inflammatory lesions of the spine. Diclofenac only was surpassing Neurodiclovit for efficacy, safety and tolerability.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):63-68
pages 63-68 views

THE PROBLEM OF TREATMENT OF PSYCHOSOMATIC DISORDERS IN PERSONS OPERATING WITH EXTREMELY DANGEROUS TOXIC CHEMICALS

Filippov V.L., Filippova Y.V., Filippov V., Filippova Y.

Abstract

The authors have conducted a comprehensive survey of 183 men operating with extremely dangerous toxic chemicals (EDTC), aimed to examination the clinical and epidemiological patterns of development and distribution of psychosomatic disorders (PSD) and borderline mental disorders (BMD) of toxic origin. It was noted that early diagnosis of these disorders and therapeutic and preventive measures to eliminate them are required. The study showed promising outlook of comprehensive treatment of PSD and BMD in persons operating with EDTC in case of individual selection of pharmacotherapy schemes.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):69-72
pages 69-72 views

CORRELATION OF CARDIOHEMODYNAMICS INDICES, INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES LEVELS AND DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE

Averin E.E., I Chernova S., Averin E., Chernova S.

Abstract

The content of proinflammatory cytokines, the prevalence and severity of depression in patients with chronic heart failure were explored. It was noted that the morphological and functional parameters of the myocardium and the content of cytokines are related. Increased content of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor α, and depressive disorders were detected significantly more frequently in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy in comparison with patients with normal geometry of the myocardium. Maximum production of proinflammatory cytokines and the greatest severity of depression occurred in patients with a pronounced decrease in myocardial contractility.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):73-75
pages 73-75 views

Valerian (Valeriana Officinalis L.).

Samylina I.A., Sorokina A.A., Pyatigorskaya N.V., Samylina I.I., Sorokina A., Pyatigorskaya N.

Abstract

The present article is concerned with indications for use of Valeriana officinalis L. in clinical practice. Its preparations are used in the treatment of chronic functional central nervous system disorders, hysteria, convulsions, coronary circulation disturbances, for treatment and prevention of stenocardia, valvular heart disease (often with other sedatives and cardiac drugs), diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, etc.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):76-77
pages 76-77 views

BINSWANGER'S DISEASE

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Abstract

Binswanger's disease (BD) is characterized by progressive dementia, accompanied by episodes of focal neurological symptoms. It is believed that disintegration of cortex and underlying formation of the brain, as well as various areas of the cortex to each other are customary for BD. In 1894, Otto von Binswanger due to analysis of 6 cases of vascular dementia from a clinical and morphological perspective first described the disease in detail.
Pharmateca. 2010;(7):78-79
pages 78-79 views