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No 5S (2016)
- Year: 2016
- Articles: 13
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/issue/view/7036
Articles
Uvazhaemye chitateli!
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):1-4
1-4
NEWS OF MEDICINE
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):5-7
5-7
Review of the Maastricht V/ Florence consensus recommendations on the diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection
Abstract
Significant progress has been achieved in diagnosis and treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, which is reflected in the new fifth edition of the Maastricht Consensus Report. In preparation for the discussion of the Maastricht V/Florence Consensus, new data on H. pylori were examined by 43 experts from 24 countries in five separate sections: 1) Main and Accompanying Symptomatology (Symptoms/ relationships); 2) Diagnosis; 3) Treatment; 4) Prevention/protection of Public Health; 5) H. pylori and gastric microbiota. The results of the individual sections were presented for a final vote, which included all participants. Recommendations are formulated on the basis of the best evidence available and relevance in the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in various clinical situations.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):8-26
8-26
Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis: focus on nutritional status and problems of nutrition
Abstract
The article presents the statements of the Russian consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis, dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of nutritional status and problems of nutrition. Consensus was held on the initiative of the Russian Pancreatological club according to Delphic system. The interdisciplinary approach was provided by participation of leading gastroenterologists, surgeons, and pediatricians. This article is published as a part of series of publications explaining the most important statements of the consensus.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):27-32
27-32
Prevalence of helicobacter pylori infection in gastroenterological patients in Saint Petersburg
Abstract
The article presents the results of descriptive epidemiological study on H. pylori infection in gastroenterological patients. 4181 patients were examined using 13C-urea breath test. High prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (50%), as well as high degree of contamination in patients with dyspepsia was demonstrated. The analysis of the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication in 903 patients treated has showed low (81%) rate of elimination of this infection. Through the example of 129 patients, the detection rates of H. pylori infection using five different diagnostic methods were compared. The reasons for the discrepancy between the test results, and the possible causes of overdiagnosis are discussed.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):33-39
33-39
Comparative analysis of the diagnosis of liver fibrosis by M- and XL-elastometry in patients with chronic hepatitis C
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of the stage of liver fibrosis is one of the key factors determining the tactics of management of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Non-invasive methods for liver fibrosis evaluation are becoming more prevalent in the world medical practice. Transient elastometry using Fibroscan device is one of the instrumental methods for non-invasive diagnosis of liver fibrosis. Elastometry using M probe, or M-elastometry, is the most common method, but operator can face a number of complexities, causing the «difficult elastometry». XL probe was developed to overcome these difficulties. The article discusses the factors that can contribute to false results of M- and XL-elastometry; additional criteria for choosing between M- and XL-probe are examined and proposed.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):40-47
40-47
Probiotics in the schemes of treatment of diseases colonopa-thy: possibility of autoprobiotic therapy
Abstract
Currently, the role of intestinal microflora in the development of various diseases is not in doubt. This is especially important for gastrointestinal diseases, particularly the colonopathy. The article deals with issues of probiotic therapy, the mechanisms of action of probiotics on the state of digestive organs are discussed. The data on the results of use of probiotics in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases are presented. The results of the application of autoprobiotics in patients with irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis are described. The data on the possibility of applying autoprobiotics for preventing post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome are discussed.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):48-54
48-54
Possibilities of metabiotic therapy in the correction of gastrointestinal symptoms and violations of intestinal microbiota in patients with lung cancer during chemotherapy
Abstract
The article presents data on the dynamics of gastrointestinal symptoms and changes in gastrointestinal microbiocenosis in patients with a diagnosis of «lung cancer», receiving chemotherapy, and influence of metabiotic drug appointed in addition to the basic treatment regimens on these parameters. The study included 41 patients who received the first cycle of first-line chemotherapy for lung cancer (mean age - 61.7±6.4 years, mean duration of disease - 12.3±8.5 months). The patients were divided into 2 groups: treatment group (n=21) received a course of metabiotic drug on the basis of the lyophilized strain of Bacillus subtilis and natural zeolite 2 capsules 2 times a day with meals for 28 days in addition to the chemotherapy; the control group (n=20) received only chemotherapeutic agents. Standardized survey of each patient to detect gastrointestinal complaints, assessment the quality of life (GSRS questionnaire), microbiological examination of faeces, and the evaluation of microorganisms metabolites in blood using gas-liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry according to the method of G.A. Osipov, were performed at the 1st and 29th day from the start of chemotherapy. Patients with a diagnosis of lung cancer on the background of the toxic effect of chemotherapy had the confirmed progression of gastrointestinal complaints and changes in qualitative and quantitative composition of intestinal microflora: a significant reduction in the number of bifidobacteria and Bacteroides, to a lesser extent - lactobacilli, increased activity of pathogenic intestinal microflora: Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusobacterium/Haemophylus, Clostridium rerfrin-gens, Moraxella/Acinetobacter, Bacteroides fragilis. Additional metabiotic treatment allows to keep the original number of obligate intestinal microorganisms and reduce the phenomenon of intestinal dyspepsia in patients diagnosed with lung cancer receiving chemotherapy.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):55-59
55-59
Antibiotic-associated diarrhea: stratification of risk factors for development of Clostridium difficile infection in multidisciplinary hospital
Abstract
The article presents the results of non-interventional prospective cohort study on the incidence of antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) and assessment of risk factors for AAD in patients of multidisciplinary hospital. The structure of hospital-acquired AAD was analyzed. Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile toxins and highly virulent strains of this microorganism was performed by a two-step algorithm: enzyme immunoassay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. It was found that the AAD occurs against the background of antimicrobial therapy in 6.5% of cases. At the same time, C. difficile-associated diarrhea accounts for 50% of AAD cases. The following risk factors for C. difficile-associated AAD were identified: anemia, early postoperative period, hospitalization in the past six months, and antisecretory therapy.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):60-64
60-64
Gastroenterological aspects of bariatric surgery
Abstract
The review article is devoted to gastroenterological aspects of bariatric surgery. Currently, surgical treatments for obesity are becoming increasingly popular. The positive effects of this treatment option are largely based on changes in incretin profile and microbiome. Management of patients after bariatric treatment is challenging, particularly taking into account the frequent development of gastrointestinal side effects.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):65-70
65-70
13C methacetin breath test for the evaluation of liver functional reserves
Abstract
Due to the increasing number of chronic liver diseases, it is necessary to revise the existing methods of screening for this pathology. Any of the commonly used methods do not provide any idea about the liver functional reserve. Modern non-invasive methods of diagnosis, primarily 13C methacetin breath test, will be able to solve this problem. It is necessary to explore the possibilities of these diagnostic methods, as well as determine their place in the diagnosis of chronic liver diseases at the present stage.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):71-80
71-80
Wilson’s disease: modern methods of diagnosis and treatment
Abstract
The article presents data on the etiology, pathogenesis, classification, clinical manifestation and treatment of Wilson’s disease (WD; hepatolenticular degeneration). It is emphasized that the main method of treatment of WD is the use of copper-depleting agents (chelation therapy) and adherence to a strict diet with a reduced amount of copper in the food. The complex case of authors’ clinical observation of WD in 51-year-old man is described. This case illustrates one of the clinical variants of WD characterized by a latent course (up to 20 years), decompensated liver cirrhosis and development of severe neurological symptoms against the background of low adherence to the treatment.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):81-85
81-85
Liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C: view of the problem in era of interferon-free treatment
Abstract
The article describes the current understanding of the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C, and the mechanisms of regression of fibrosis against the background of antiviral therapy. Many years of experience of use of interferon-containing schemes for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C suggests a possibility of reverse development of fibrosis after achieving a sustained virologic response, while the reversibility of fibrosis against the background of antiviral therapy using drugs with direct antiviral action requires further evaluation. Clinical observations confirming positive influence of drugs with direct antiviral action on the regression of liver fibrosis in patients with liver cirrhosis of HCV-etiology are presented.
Pharmateca. 2016;(5S):86-91
86-91