Methodological Facets of the Evaluation of Scientific Theories

The purpose of the study is to consider the main range of issues related to the problem of choice in the framework of the research process. The article deals with the problem of the practice of scientific cognition which involves a continuous process of eliminating or adopting certain theoretical positions, approaches, models. This problem embraces both the need to choose among the already existing approaches one that reflects the studied object more effectively and to the significance of the criteria for evaluating hypotheses formed by the researcher himself. The article is focused on identifying the specifics of plurality of ideas in modern studies. The differences in theoretical approaches to the study of a certain object are indicated. We can talk about various theoretical accents. The same object of real world can be considered from the point of view of its biological, chemical, and physical characteristics (while each of the types of characteristics contains a number of features and properties by which the object is determined). It is difficult to judge what aspect of the object under consideration is essential for cognition and what is unessential. Conclusions. The choice of a priority in direction of research can be determined by utility factors - such as the practical purpose of the study or the initial hypothesis. The individual states (properties) of the object can be determined by a system of scientific measurements or values and, therefore, be predetermined by theoretical and methodological frameworks of various disciplines.

science, scientific theories, methodology, discourse