Vol 7, No 3 (2019)

The aim of this study was to investigate the kinetics of baicalin hydrolysis in the process of its extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots.Materials and methods. For the studies, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots with a particle range of 0.1-0.5 mm were used. The method of extraction was a simple maceration during a specified period of time, the ratio of plant raw material : extractant was 1:10 w/v at the temperature of 24±1°C. Baicalin and baicalein contents were analyzed by reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP HPLC) at the analytical wavelength of 275 nm. The extractant was a water solution of ethanol 26, 43, 59, 72, 81, 97±1% v/v. The time of the extraction was from 1 to 24 hours.Results. The experimental points of dependency of baicalin concentration in the extract on the time of extraction for ethanol solutions with a concentration of 43 and 72% v/v are closely approximated by a linear equation in coordinates lnC=f(t). The value of determination coefficient is more than R²˃0,99. Half lifetime for baicalin has been calculated: for ethanol with the concentration of 43% v/v it is 4.3±0.7 hours, and for ethanol with the concentration of 72% v/v it is 42.3±1.8 hours.Conclusion. Baicalin hydrolysis kinetics in the process of its extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots with 43 and 72% v/v ethanol concentration. has been studied. It has been established that the process of baicalin hydrolysis is well described by the first order kinetic equation. The constants of baicalin hydrolysis during its extraction from Scutelaria baicalensis roots with ethanol having different concentrations have been calculated. Recommendations on technology optimization for baicalin or baicalein extraction from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi roots have been given.

The aim of the study is to assess the effect of various aversive environments on the oxygen consumption in muscles and blood in mice Under conditions of the “forced swimming” test.Materials and methods. The study was performed on outbred male mice. Exhausting physical activity was modeled in the “forced swimming” test in various aversive environments. The oxygen consumption by the muscle tissue, as well as the oxygen capacity of the blood, were estimated using the respirometry method (AKPM1-01L (“Alfa Bassens”, Russia)).Results. In the course of the study it was found out that in the group of the animals swimming in hot water (at the temperature of 41°C) as an aversive environment, there was no significant change in the oxygen consumption by mitochondria of striated muscle and by red blood cells in comparison with the intact group of the animals. At the same time, in the group of the mice, where cold water (at the temperature of 15°C) as an aversive environment was used, a statistically significant (by the end of the experiment) decrease in the swimming time was observed in relation to the intact group of the animals. It was accompanied by a decrease in the oxygen consumption by muscle mitochondria, with a constant level of the blood oxygenation. Under conditions of exhausting physical exertion, in the group of the animals that received Metaprot®, an increase in working capacity was noted in both hot and cold water. After peak days of working capacity, a slight decrease in physical activity was observed in both experimental groups. At the same time, it should be noted that oxygenation of blood and muscle tissue against the background of exhausting physical exertion in the group that received Metaprot®, did not differ from the group of intact animals in various aversive environments.Conclusion. Thus, based on the obtained data, it can be assumed that under conditions of “forced swimming” with loading, the most profound changes in the structure and functions of the striated muscles are observed in animals in cold (15°С) water That is reflected in a decrease in the physical strain and in reducing the oxygen consumption by muscle tissue. The use of the drug Metaprot® promoted correcting the changes in the physical performance of the animals, which was reflected in its increase by 144.8% (p <0.05), compared with the initial swimming time of this group, without the oxygen consumption by erythrocytes and mitochondria of striated muscles.

The aim of the study is a theoretical justification and development of a mechanism for the implementation of quality management systems (QMS) in the activities of retail trade in pharmaceutical products.Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of scientific literature data and Analytical Normative Documents regulating various aspects of QMS functioning in pharmaceutical organizations. Methods of documentary content analysis of international and national ISO standards, Series 9000, were used as the basis for the development and implementation of QMS organizations despite the type of their activities.Results. In the course of the study, the organization of the production process has been studied and the main production (business-) operations of seven structural subdivisions of “Apteka-Alex” LLC in Angarsk have been analyzed. The basic principles of QMS functioning are set forth and the author’s methodology for its development for retail trade in pharmaceutical products has been presented, taking into account the specifics of the organizational structure and production activities of pharmacy organizations. The mechanisms and successive stages of the QMS implementation have been specified and given grounds for. In accordance with the requirements of GOST R ISO 9000:2015, the definitions and classification of the main production operations (business processes) of the studied pharmacies have been made up. In addition, the list of mandatory (core) and basic standard operating procedures (SOPs), detailing the main production (business-) processes, has been made up, and an algorithm for developing and testing SOPs has been outlined.Conclusion. The results of the study allowed us to justify and propose a step-by-step methods of QMS implementation into the work of pharmaceutical organizations in the retail sector. The first results of the approbation and use of the developed methodology show that it contributes to the rational construction and functioning of the QMS, in accordance with the requirements of the existing standards, as well as the optimization of administrative management of all production (business-) processes.