Vol 24, No 2 (2022)

The article is devoted to discussing the possibilities of using virtual reality technologies in organizing the training process and conducting training sessions. The authors consider training with the use of virtual reality technologies as one of the most effective means for maintaining physical performance and technical and tactical readiness during remote training sessions. This paper presents both the advantages, which lie in the fact that a number of restrictions imposed by real sports conditions are removed, and the disadvantages of using virtual reality technologies in sports, including elite sports, to which the authors include problems associated with technologies and equipment. The article also discusses a number of requirements for virtual environments and equipment, the observance of which ensures the creation of a realistic immersive environment. The authors concluded that the training process using virtual reality technologies is an effective way to train an athlete along with other methods.

The modern education system includes fundamental components, including the greening of the educational process using leading forms, methods and teaching aids. Despite a variety of environmental campaigns, environmental education activities, the ecological culture of the population still remains at an insufficiently high level. Often this happens due to the “isolation” of a person from the ecological situation of a particular region. In this regard, the question of the need to introduce local history information into the learning process and the mandatory personal acquaintance with natural objects and phenomena has been repeatedly raised. The participation of students in the development and implementation of social and environmental projects forms the assimilation of knowledge, value and patriotic attitudes in the activity. The development of methods and means of training and education should be interconnected with the achievement of other sciences, including digital technologies. In connection with the foregoing, we consider it relevant to effectively train a teacher whose activities will be aimed at the formation of an ecological culture of students using original materials about forest complexes obtained in the course of their own research in nature. A necessary condition for the formation of the necessary competencies among students should be called an activity approach in teaching biology and ecology.

The article presents some results of educational, research and research work of students and schoolchildren of the Samara region, the purpose of which was to assess the current state of forest ecosystems in the Samara region. An example of the use of modern digital resources to study the occurrence and development of fires is given. Recommendations for the implementation of field research are given.

As part of this work, the training of biathletes in the training facilities of the institutions of the Federal Penitentiary Service (hereinafter - FSIN) will be considered. The purpose of the presented work is to propose measures aimed at improving the physical level of biathletes at the training bases of the Federal Penitentiary Service. The authors propose a solution to the problems faced by young biathletes (fear of weapons in general, excitement at the turn, the desire to overcome the swing of weapons): creating athletes' ideas about the correct movements of their bodies and the order of such movements, the presence of strong-willed effort when aiming weapons accurately on target. The authors come to the conclusion that the growth of sports results depends on the degree of readiness of biathletes (physical and fire). Special qualities, abilities and skills obtained as a result of training camps at the training bases of the Federal Penitentiary Service are formed primarily during comprehensive training aimed at developing both physical and fire fitness. The development of two directions at the same time will lead to an increase in the performance of biathletes. The educational and training process on the basis of the institutes of the Federal Penitentiary Service in the preparation of biathletes should include the following areas: the training process in order to take part in competitions, a course of training sessions that allow assessing the effectiveness of the skills acquired as a result of the training process.

This article reveals such an important problem as human adaptation to physical activity and its impact on the functional state of the body. Adaptation is the basis of evolution, the result of which is genetically fixed and inherited. The adaptation process includes urgent and long-term processes. The mechanisms of these processes must be considered from the standpoint of G.K. Anokhin. In the process of sports activities, the increase in working capacity is ensured by activating the relaxation mechanism of urgent adaptation. The high intensity of energy exchange under conditions of extreme physical exertion causes a progressive increase in aundose and the accumulation of metabolic intermediates in the body of an athlete. It has been shown that under conditions of physical stress, a multiple increase in the content of the main stress hormones in the blood and urine is observed. In relation to the process of adaptation to physical loads, the functional approach received an original interpretation in our studies regarding the concept of the locomotor (motor) functional system (LFS), which combines as components most of the systems classified according to anatomical and functional characteristics: central nervous, autonomic, neuroendocrine, cardiovascular, respiratory, neuromuscular and others. As a result of our research, it was found that the effect of an explosive increase in working capacity is provided by increasing this working capacity, by activating the relaxation mechanism of urgent mobilization of protection, the essence of which is to activate the inhibitory systems of the central nervous system, normalize the process of relaxation of skeletal muscles and significantly increase its speed during the interaction of the body with various adaptogenic factors. It was also found that under conditions of physical stress, there is a multiple increase in the blood and urine of the main stress hormones.

Subject of the article: distance learning at a technical university. Object of the article: problems of the formation of speech competencies in the implementation of distance learning. The author analyzes the problems of the formation of speech competence and speech competence of students in the process of their professional training at the university. The results of the work contain a theoretical and methodological substantiation of the significance of the formation of a system of practical skills in the learning process, the ability to apply the acquired knowledge, students' mastery of the ability to communicate, analyze, reflect, critical thinking, including speech competencies. The area of application of the results of the work is the training of competitive technical specialists in the process of distance learning and the implementation of modern requirements in the educational process of the university. Conclusion: in the modern labor market, the skills and abilities of effective verbal communication are an indispensable quality of competitive technical specialists. In this regard, the formation of professional speech competence is a task that should be solved at the university in the process of teaching the disciplines of the humanities and professional cycles. The prospect for solving this problem is opened up by the formation of significant competencies and professional and personal qualities in students, which will allow them to effectively solve actual problems in their work, to model the trajectory of self-development, self-realization and competitiveness, taking into account the modern requirements of the employer. An effective tool for implementing these mechanisms in the learning process is the development of a set of various theoretical, reference and practical definitions and learning tasks.

The main goal of the Concept of the State Information Policy of the Russian Federation is the development and improvement of the education system, as well as professional training of personnel that ensures a full life and effective human activity in the modern information society. This goal involves a fundamental change in the organization and essence of the processes of learning and human development. The process of transforming the content, methods and technologies, changing the requirements for learning and its results is the digitalization of education. The purpose of the study is to consider the essence of the concept of "digital education" and identify factors that allow us to present the advantages and disadvantages of digital education. Methods used in the study: literature review, empirical research, matrix analysis, comparative analysis. Empirical survey data were obtained, reflecting the main factors that make it possible to identify the positive and negative aspects of digital education during a pandemic. The article assesses the prospects for the development of digital education. A matrix of assessments of the existing experience of participation in digital education during the pandemic of teachers and students has been compiled. Based on the results of the analysis of the compiled matrix and the diagram that complements it, a conclusion is drawn about the insufficiently effective digital education at the current stage due to the presence of certain problems in the process of organizing online education. The digitalization of education during the crisis period has accelerated significantly, however, in the future, it will require the introduction of certain measures to integrate it with traditional education, while eliminating the shortcomings of both forms of education.

According to the order of the Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation No. 364 "On the recognition and inclusion in the All-Russian register of sports of sports disciplines, a sport and amendments to the All-Russian register of sports", dated April 20, 2018, karate is included in the unified state register of sports, which indicates state support for the development of this sport among young people. In addition, "karate has received official recognition from the International Olympic Committee and is a contender for inclusion in the program of the Summer Olympics for its entertainment and mass development." It should be noted that the rapid development of the popularity of karate in our country is primarily due to the efforts of professional athletes positioning this sport. However, the existing methods of physical training of students involved in this sport, previously used by teachers, have now lost their relevance, because. the requirements for its organization have changed, which led to the development of new effective forms of conducting. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the effectiveness of the organization of physical education by a teacher of students in higher education, aimed at preventing a decrease in their working capacity and stress load. The study was conducted in two groups of students involved in karate: the respondents of the control group carried out physical training according to the traditional technical and tactical methodology, characterized by a systemic organization at the initial stage of training, and the students of the experimental group used the author's methodology, which was based on an individual approach, taking into account their psychophysical features.