Vol 25, No 1 (2023)
SOCIAL SCIENCES
Information-digital environment for promoting employment of graduates of engineering university
Abstract
The increasing importance of engineering education in Russian state policy has created new requirements for the training of engineers. To prepare engineering personnel, universities must utilize the potential of industry, competence-based, student-oriented approaches, and traditions. The positive potential of engineering education is essential for controlling the quality of student training. One significant aspect of the development of engineering education is the improvement of the system for promoting the employment of university graduates. This article discusses the system for promoting graduate employment and examines university career centers. A career center is a department at a university that provides comprehensive support to students in promoting employment and career development. The purpose of these centers is to create and develop an effective system of interaction with enterprises and organizations in various forms of ownership to increase the competitiveness of university graduates in the global labor market. The information and digital environment at Tomsk Polytechnic University, which facilitates the employment of students and graduates, is presented as an example. Various information and digital tools and services are used for successful work. The business processes of specialists promoting the employment of students and graduates at Tomsk Polytechnic University are also discussed. In the process of facilitating graduate employment, the "Employment" information and software complex has been introduced, along with other digital tools. These resources help to ensure the effectiveness of the employment promotion process. Tomsk Polytechnic University pays significant attention to the digitalization of business processes related to facilitating graduate employment and the activities of career centers.
5-11
To the question of organization of independent study by bachelories of the section "Linear models in economy"
Abstract
The article deals with the organization of independent work of students as part of their self-educational activities. In the modern world, a university graduate is subject to certain requirements for the level and content of competencies formed in the learning process, the main of which are the ability to self-educate, autonomy and the ability to adapt to a changing situation. The skills necessary for this can be obtained in the process of independent work, which ensures the continuity of education and the possibility of advanced training. This paper discusses the organization of independent study by bachelors of the specialty "Economics" of the Samara State University of Communications of a separate section of mathematics, called "Linear models in economics". Since this is the first of the sections of mathematics studied independently, it is recommended that all educational material on it be placed in the EIEE of the university. For its assimilation, the student is recommended to: read, understand and outline the proposed material; solve problems in accordance with their version, answer in writing the main questions. Control consists in checking by the teacher the availability and quality of notes compiled by students; verification of an individual solution by each student of his version of tasks; conducting a blitz survey or testing.
12-17
Forming ecological thinking of students in conditions of vocational training
Abstract
The relevance of the research topic is due to the growing public attention to identifying effective ways to reduce environmental pollution, which requires a transition from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism, where the highest value is the harmonious development of man and nature. The purpose of the article is to identify the most active student communities that carry out environmental education work on the territory of the city. Samara, as well as determining the practical significance of their creation in the formation of students' ecological thinking. Research methods: content analysis method and sociological research method. Based on the views of respondents, the authors formulated indicators for measuring the effectiveness of the formation of ecological thinking through eco-communities and its monitoring in terms of professional training. The significance of the work is due to the conclusions of the study, which allow us to state that the formation of ecological communities makes it possible to fill the lack of knowledge in the field of environmental protection and, undoubtedly, prepare individuals to choose the least environmentally hostile ways to solve their problems and meet their needs. The article is intended for heads of educational organizations, the pedagogical community and students in order to replicate the positive experience and its further implementation in the conditions of professional training.
18-26
Translation of “Do androids dream of electric sheep?” by Philip K. Dick into Russian: unreasonable transformations and semantic mistakes
Abstract
As the result of comparative analysis performed on the original text of the novel and its translation into Russian, several fragments were revealed where the translator made semantic mistakes, some of them being quite rough. The study carried out to identify the reasons of this phenomenon to occur shows that some of these mistakes were caused by the unreasonable use of lexical-grammatical transformations during the translation of the text, primarily the transformations of addition and omission. Other semantic mistakes appeared in the translation either because the translator was not paying enough attention to what he was doing or he failed to read the context properly. The paper provides the brief review of basic lexical-grammatical transformations used in the process of translation, as well as the analysis of translation of several fragments in the novel containing rough semantic mistakes. The results of the research are used to draw some conclusions regarding the causes for the semantic mistakes to occur; the paper also figures out the role of the unreasonable lexical-grammatical transformations in making some of these mistakes.
27-33
Internal independent assessment of the quality of education: forms, normative and methodological support
Abstract
The creation of a system for assessing the quality of education ensures the achievement of high performance indicators of organizations engaged in professional training of specialists. The quality assessment system is a necessary tool for monitoring the results of the development of educational programs by students in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard. The article deals with the issues of ensuring a comprehensive assessment of the quality of education, while the assessment of the quality of education is considered as a necessary condition for the training of highly qualified specialists. The authors reveal the content of the updated system of state accreditation, control and supervision in the field of quality assurance of education. The issue of the organization of an internal system for assessing the quality of education, including its normative and methodological support, is covered in sufficient detail. The key areas within which the quality control of education should be carried out are indicated. Separately, the authors dwell on the problem of organizing an independent assessment of the quality of students within the framework of the state final certification. To solve such a problem, it is proposed to use self-examination methods, involve employers, other legal entities and individuals, as well as teachers. The issue of complex preparation of funds of evaluation tools for carrying out diagnostic measures, including with the use of remote technologies, is touched upon. The completion of an internal independent assessment of the quality of education involves the formation of accounting documentation, which is an important element in the organization of the quality system of education. The authors emphasize the need to ensure the quality of education in an educational organization when training highly qualified personnel for all industries and spheres of economic and social activity of the state.
34-41
Organization of students' research activities
Abstract
The development of the digital society is characterized by the increasing processes of digital transformation of research activities in various fields, which makes it urgent to effectively organize the research activities of students for their assimilation into the digital economy in the future. Thus, the article actualizes the problem of research activities of students of educational institutions of higher education in modern realities; determines the circumstances of the research orientation of students' professional training; highlights the diverse studied aspects of research activities of students in educational organizations described in the works of various scientists, which determines the presence of a symbiosis of educational activities of students with research activities. Based on the experience of practical activity and research analysis, the tasks of the teacher for the organization of research activities of students, as well as types of research activities (educational and research activities and research activities) and their specifics in the organization are highlighted, depending on the chosen topic and the unit on the basis of which the research is conducted. The models of the organization of research activities of students in the conditions of choosing the format of the organization of the educational process are described. The qualities of the personality of students capable of carrying out independent research activities are formulated. It offers tools that facilitate experiments and means of communication between teachers and students.
42-48
Preservation and development of the school of classical dance in N.A. Yermakova
Abstract
Subject of the article: the choreographic heritage of the Saratov region is the preservation and development of the school of classical dance. Object of the article: choreographic art and its special role in the development of a creative personality. The purpose of the project: to update information about the methods and forms of plastic work of teachers in children's choreographic groups in order to preserve the traditions of the Russian school of classical dance. The article considers the method of teaching classical dance by N.A. Ermakova ("Children's Art School No. 1 named after P.A. Frolov", Engels). She developed an adapted educational author's program "Smart Rhythm", which includes a gradual transition from basic rhythmic movements to mastering the initial, initial elements of classical dance. Thanks to creative imagination, dance classes for younger students turn into an "exciting journey" into the world of classical dance. The author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to include new methods, forms of organization of teaching in choreography lessons into the general traditional system of teaching classical dance. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying the features and forms of teaching classical dance for the purpose of creative and professional development of the individual, as well as transferring the cultural heritage of our time, internal motives and values through dance. Scope of the results: this experience, which has become a unique practice for the formation of a special type of thinking and creative activity, stimulates and opens up opportunities and abilities for search, research and experimental activities in the field of choreography.
49-52
HUMANITIES SCIENCES
The essence of A.I. Herzen's musical concept on the pages of the «Past and doom» («Byloye i dumy»)
Abstract
The subject of the article: the essence of A.I. Herzen's musical concept on the pages of The «Past and doom». The object of the article: nineteenth century: public life, a special type of philosophizing in literary circles, musical creativity, The purpose of the project: to update for the scientific world information about the intellectual history of Russia through the prism of studying one of the greatest works of A.I. Herzen, to formulate the grounds for research work. Methodology of the work: construction of a musical concept of the context of Herzen's literary work "Past and doom", in which the author, along with the ideological life of his time, recreates the artistic chronicle of the nineteenth century, which reflected diverse cultural phenomena, and Herzen himself showed himself not only as a philosopher, historian, ideologist, politician, public figure, but also and as a connoisseur of art. Results of the work: the inclusion of A.I. Herzen's musical concept on the pages of "Past and doom" in the overall picture of a long contradictory process of perception of musical. Conclusion: the scientific novelty of the study consists in considering another talent of Herzen, manifested in the versatility of perception of musical art, in the ability to hear its features and judge it quite professionally.
53-59
Ontological foundations and current applications of the ancient Indian concept of knowledge and historical development
Abstract
The author of the article continues to consider the possibility of constructing the cycle theory based on ancient Indian material. The ancient Indian concept of cognition and historical development arose in the context of the eight-element ontological models of antiquity. It is distinguished by the quantitative expression of qualitative characteristics. Special coefficients allow the transition from the "ideal" model to the modeling of real historical processes. The article clarifies the reasons why in the "axial" period in the application of this concept there was a transition to measuring time by divine ages, which made it irrelevant for measuring human history. The purpose of the analysis is to include the ancient Indian cycle into the scientific interdisciplinary discourse. The subject of research is the ontological levels that constitute this model. A 240-year period of national history is used as a micromodel of the analyzed cycle. The analysis takes into account comparable chronological models of antiquity, the numerical model of the Indian Sankhya, as well as cultural practices. When determining the general characteristics of the processes, the author applies the Plato’s concept of government forms. When defining the "spirit of the times" he takes into account the concept of poetic experiences of ancient Indian poetics. The central part of this micromodel reveals the action of the 72-year rhythm, due to its structural features of the ancient Indian cycle.
60-69
The role of intercultural gastronomic differences in the formation of a tolerant and intolerant society
Abstract
The article is devoted to identifying the role of gastronomic differences between cultures in the formation of a tolerant and/or non-tolerant society.
The author primarily considers the concept of tolerance and intolerance. The formation of a certain attitude of one subject to another, as it was revealed, may eventually have an unequal level, including in different spheres of life.
Tolerance in this context is not just the ability to accept the culture of another person (people), but also to take part in it in some way or to carry out active interaction. On this basis, we can say that tolerance has a number of functions that are valid both separately for an individual and a group, and for entire institutions: stability in society, reducing the number of conflicts between representatives of different cultures, forming the foundations for the upbringing of the future generation, etc.
The education of tolerance depends on the forms of social consciousness, one of which is religion. It is in the religious and cultural framework that intercultural differences can be noted most of all, including the ways and level of subjects' response to these differences.
The author considers several factors that determine the existence of tolerance as a necessity for the coexistence of different groups of the population: poverty and wealth, as well as four world religions, within which the greatest difference can be called gastronomic. –
A theoretical analysis and a survey of representatives of various faiths showed that the level of tolerance is highest among Christians (there are no people with an intolerant attitude among 20 respondents), lower among Muslims (Sunnis) (14 out of 20 respondents have an intolerant attitude).
In conclusion, the author proposed his own interpretation of the term gastronomic tolerance – the ability of a subject to show willingness to show tolerance for the gastronomic culture of other subjects, to accept the fact of its existence and create conditions for its development, if possible, and participation in the implementation of such culture.
70-78
Cinema as a cultural industry: modern myth-making
Abstract
This article analyzes the possibilities of using cinema to create and disseminate myths (political, social, cultural). At the same time, the role of cinema as a cultural industry is noted, where the creation of screen reality acts as a special type of myth-making, which is evaluated not only in terms of economic effect, but, above all, as a mechanism for creating new original images of social and therapeutic value. A film work is considered as a sign ensemble, while it is determined that the level of saturation with signs and the choice of sign systems are subject to the author's intention, accordingly, the question naturally arises: what is the author's intention “subject to”. At the same time, mass cinema builds its influence in such a way that the addressee receives the maximum possible emotional impression with guaranteed pleasure. Therefore, it is “tuned” to the “general” public with the maximum average degree of perception, with the most famous iconic signs. The paper provides an analysis of the mythology of Soviet cinema, Hollywood myth-making. According to the author of the article, the creators of modern myths, without ignoring the terms and concepts of "myth-making" and "mythologization", operate with a new concept - "mythotechnologies", which, depending on the goals, differ for cinema in that in the process a "new mythological image" or an existing one will be used.
79-86
Digital media in humanities research
Abstract
The article is devoted to the scientific discussion that unfolded in modern humanities around the concept of "digital media". The author analyzes the studies of the phenomenon of "media" in the works of representatives of various scientific fields, clarifies the concept itself, identifies the theoretical foundations of digital media, correlates the phenomena of "digital media" and "new media", traces the formation of new humanities – Digital Humanities and media philosophy. The author comes to the conclusion that digital media should be understood as a set of cultural objects and technological tools, the first of which are generated, replicated or created using the second, based on the use of a digital format. To date, the most progressive (innovative) technical method of creation (generation, copying, replication) is the digital method, which means that digital technologies are becoming the main qualification in the concept of "digital media". Therefore, "new media" is currently analogous to "digital media". It is assumed that further technical evolution at some point will “erase” the equal sign between them. Thus, the concepts of "media", "new media" and "digital media" are currently "chronically open" concepts with academically unsettled criteria and gradation. Their understanding in the system of humanitarian knowledge is conventional. Supplementation and clarification in this case depends not only and not so much on the quantity and quality of research, but on the chosen research "field" with the specification of its purpose.
87-93
The cultural category of sinfulness in the communicative space of a literary text (based on the material of A. Custine's book "Russia in 1939")
Abstract
The culturological study of phenomena related to artistic communication is one of the most relevant areas of scientific research, since it is characterized by an interdisciplinary nature. Its task is to analyze the cultural dominants that influence the system of views of the author of the work of art and his contemporaries. The relevance of the study of the text of the XIX century is determined by its significance for the present historical stage. Custine's book "Russia in 1839" formed the basis of the modern perception of Russia and Russians by Western Europeans. The myths created by Marquis are persistent and influence stereotypes and, in general, the success of today's intercultural communication. The purpose of the study was to identify and study the specifics of the units of cultural knowledge objectified in Custine's book "Russia in 1839". The main research methods were the continuous sampling method, the method of observing the facts of objectification of cultural categories and the structural and functional method of analysis. The results of the study were a number of identified concepts: sin, laziness, pride, envy, which are the most frequent in Custine's work. The author considers the sin of laziness to be specific to Russian culture, while pride and envy are characteristic of Europeans too. Formally, the author's conclusions are based on observation, which allowed readers to consider them objective. While a deeper analysis proves that the writer created his work based on ideas drawn from French romantic literature. The work of Custine is poorly studied in Russian cultural studies, and provides a wide field for research. This article is devoted to the study of such a cultural phenomenon as the category of sinfulness, which has not previously been analyzed in the context of artistic communication.
94-100
Art & science: an alliance of an artist and a scientist in the space of contemporary culture
Abstract
The subject of the article: contemporary art projects implemented in the field of art & science. The main criterion for selecting projects for this study is the expressiveness of the connection between the artistic image and technologies and/or "scientific tools", as well as an analysis of the role and contribution of the artist and scientist to the project. The object of the article: analysis of strategies for interaction between an artist and a scientist in the interdisciplinary field of art & science. The purpose of the project: to update for the scientific world information about the nature of the interaction between the artist and the scientist in the "interdisciplinary space", to formulate the grounds for creating a typology that allows describing the strategies for this interaction. Тhe study showed that the artist, entering into a collaboration with a scientist, or combining the competencies of a scientist and an artist, positions himself as follows: 1) the position of an interested observer / amateur (as an option - within the framework of a character statement); 2) the position of a practice-oriented view of art & science; 3) a position that allows for futurological forecasting (comprehension of the impact of technological processes on society) and modeling (creation of alternative models of relations to existing ones, models of the future, etc.). Conclusion: according to the results of this study, the position of the artist in projects involving the alliance of contemporary art and science was clarified. A formal and structural analysis of the most representative art & science projects gave us the opportunity to partially confirm and correct the original hypothesis and point out the relevance of this kind of research in the context of the modern cultural process, which has the features of interdisciplinarity, multi-vector and synergy.
101-107
"Union" of an artist with a non-human agent: utopia or a working model of artistic production?
Abstract
The subject of the article: works of contemporary art created by non-human agents, on the example of which one can analyze the ways of interaction of contemporary artists with non-trivial media (algorithms, robots, "half-life artists", etc.). The object of the article: the impact of technological innovations on contemporary art production, as well as the need, in connection with the artist's appeal to science and the latest technologies, to rethink the goals and objectives of communication through images and the very concept of art. The purpose of the project: to update the information for the scientific world about the strategies of interaction between a human artist and a non-human agent, as well as about the nature of this interaction. Results of the work: the study showed that the creation of a work of art (both physical and as part of a post-production strategy, as a re-significance) – despite the criticism of anthropocentrism by representatives of the Actor-Network Theory and individual media theorists, should still be understood as purposeful activity inherent in a human, but not in a non-human agent. Appeal to non-human agents can be considered within the framework of the paradigm of "assistive technologies" and "chimerical" actor. Scope of the results: expanding the boundaries of the application of art history methodology and related disciplines, which contributes to the development of a language for describing the phenomena of contemporary art in the interdisciplinary field of modern media, in particular, in the dynamically developing field of art & science. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, key trends were identified that determine the nature of our interaction with the other in the process of creating a work of art and interacting with it.
108-115
REVIEWS
Sofia genealogy of Sergius Bulgakov: review of the monograph by V. Okeansky, Zh. Okeansky
116-117