卷 26, 编号 3 (2024)

Prevention of bullying in educational organizations is one of the issues of the day in modern pedagogy. J ointly with students of the professional retraining program «Psychology in Education», which is implemented on the basis of Samara State Technical University, the concept of «bullying» was analyzed, the main approaches to the study of this term were considered, and the main factors of the occurrence of school bullying were identified. The results of the study, reflecting the attitudes of students to the problem of bullying in the educational environment are presented in the paper. The diagnosis was carried out using the author's questionnaire. The author's questionnaire showed that half of the respondents had faced the problem of violence in their school anyway. The article also emphasizes that the most effective activity of the teaching staff to prevent violence in an educational organization is its prevention. Existing proprietary bullying prevention programs in various educational organizations were analyzed by the authors. Based on this analysis, the author's program «NO TO BULLYING», for preventing violence in school, was presented.

In recent years, pedagogy has repeatedly raised the problem of computer literacy of students whose training profile is not related to mathematics, physics, and technology. In this case, there is a strong opinion that some basics of computer literacy should still be given to humanities students, and even more so to biologists and ecologists. Our position is based on the fact that computer literacy in biologists and ecologists should be based on real (applied) tasks. In this regard, we introduce elements of mathematical modeling, as sections of systems ecology, into the training of ecologists. In particular, the basic models of Malthus, Lotka-Volterra, epidemic theory, etc. are considered in the form of computer models. Ecology students (bachelors, masters, graduate students) work on computers to model and predict the dynamics of population explosion, single-species model with feedback, two-species model, etc. Problems of optimal implementation of anti-epizootic measures are solved. Students study effective methods of population management on the computer. At the same time, they learn the basics of Basic programming to realize dynamic population models. As a result, future ecologists become computer literate.

The article presents the interim results of a study carried out as part of a project under the Student Startup program supported by the Foundation for Assistance to Small Innovative Enterprises. The main goal of this project is to develop and test the technology of designing individual trajectory of self-development on the example of revealing the entrepreneurial potential of the subject. The constructed model of diagnostics and development of entrepreneurial abilities is based on the methodology of I. Adizes who considers four styles or types of management (Producer, Administrator, Entrepreneur or Idea Generator, and Integrator) the totality of which ensures the successful functioning of the organization. Combining all four roles within one person is impossible since they often conflict while implementing specific tasks but the combination of individual functions allows one to succeed in various activities. The integral type PaEi is designated by the author of the analyzed typology as Entrepreneur. Implemented theoretical study resulted at describing the characteristics of that type and determination of the strengths and weaknesses of the associated types of Idea Generator (E) and Producer (P). Practical recommendations for compensating for deficit psychological properties are presented, online platforms and distance courses are listed, and studying them will allow students to reveal their entrepreneurial potential.

The modern educational process at a university is implemented both in offline and online formats, and the ability to interact in a digital educational environment is one of the keys for a modern teacher and student. The article examines the organization of interaction between participants in the educational process, including students with special educational needs (SEN), taking into account the features of the digital educational environment. The purpose of the study is to theoretically substantiate the use of self-presentation technology as a tool for organizing the interaction of students with special educational needs in the digital educational environment. In the course of the analysis of scientific and methodological literature, the substantive essence of self-presentation as a communicative act with the help of which interaction is built, its structural components and their substantive characteristics are highlighted. The methodological basis of the study is the system-activity approach as the basis of the modern educational process, survey as an empirical research method. The use of a technological approach is due to its ability to present a descriptive and constructive diagram of the organized interaction process during self-presentation. Research results. The theoretical significance of the article is that, based on the content of self-presentation in order to organize the interaction of students with OEP in the digital educational environment, difficulties in the process of working on self-presentation are highlighted; and taking into account the conditions for organizing successful verbal communication and determining the characteristic features of the role of the author and listener, a meaningful description of the components of self-presentation is presented. The practical significance of the article is characterized by the fact that the predictive function of the technological approach is revealed - a justified application of self-presentation technology is presented for solving problems of organizing interaction in a digital educational environment when teaching students with special educational needs. The research materials will be useful for university teachers.

Information, communication and digital technologies are increasingly influencing all spheres of life in human society, including the education system. The relevance of the research topic is emphasized by the update of the Federal State Educational Standard for general education and the tasks outlined by the President of Russia in his annual message to the Federal Assembly. An important role in the implementation of these provisions is played by the teacher, whose professional development, his practice-oriented activities during the period of a year-long internship at school based on the development of functional literacy contributes to the high-quality training of a specialist. When restructuring the educational process from a face-to-face to an online format based on the use of the capabilities of the most common Internet services and information and digital technologies, the authors introduced a set of tasks for a year-long practical training and course design. The successful testing of the methodology proposed by the authors was the project of the winning student of the “Pedagogical Debut 2024” competition, based on the practice-oriented aspect of the formation of functional literacy of school students through interdisciplinary synthesis, the use of elements of design and research activity in the study of bony fish (morphological, anatomical, biological features of the ichtheofauna Volga). The most effective seems to be the use of both traditional and new forms and means of teaching biology (electronic didactic material, media resources, virtual excursions, computer workshops).

In the context of the growing need for distance education and the use of digital technologies for advanced training, the task arises of developing high-quality educational content using active methods and techniques of teaching students. The purpose of the article is to identify an algorithm for creating an online course based on professional collaboration, to determine its effectiveness in the process of teachers’ training. The article presents many years of experience in designing an online course together with students on the issues of inclusive education, including determining their request, arranging content and methodological materials, cases, multimedia content, practical tasks, control and evaluation materials. The applied methodological technique reflects the subject-subject approach in education, activates and motivates participants in the pedagogical process to jointly search and critically analyze available information resources and practical experience, reflects the peculiarities of teachers’ training, where teachers are presented as adult subjects of education, characterized by the specifics of professional information consumption and the development of competencies. The main principle is a departure from the presentation of "ready-made" information, joint creation, cyclical filling of the course content, discussion, reflective assessment. Each new group of trained teachers studies the achievements of previous participants, elaborates, introduces new content, so the course is constantly being completed, updated, and relevant. This experience may be of interest to teachers who are just learning information technology, while experiencing difficulties in working through online learning.

This work analyzes pedagogical and scientific–methodological literature on the development of human potential in the media environment and media education, presents the phenomenon of student creativity in the learning process, the influence of the media environment on academic achievements and personal development of students.

Explores ways to use media technologies that can help unlock students' potential and increase their creativity. Particular attention is paid to the benefits of digital tools in learning and their role in developing new skills and knowledge in students. The practical part is a presentation of student television on the basis of one of the universities. Basic information is provided, the composition of participants, the results of activities as of 2024, as well as the results of surveys of an experimental group of students about the role of creativity in their lives. The functions of student television are analyzed as a means that significantly contributes to the development of creative abilities in students. The article provides recommendations for educational institutions with the aim of creating a favorable environment for the development of creative thinking of students. The results of the study allow us to draw a conclusion about the importance of the media space as a means of developing the creative abilities of students in the modern educational process.

The article is devoted to the study of literary local lore for the work of future teachers of literature in extracurricular activities among students of secondary classes of educational institutions. The paper examines the stages of development of school literary local lore and proposes the concept of including local lore in literary education using a spatial approach to artistic works. The analysis of literature textbooks for the inclusion of local history texts was carried out, the content of the work on the study of works of art in the regional aspect was determined. Using the example of the story "Nikita's Childhood", the methods of studying the material are considered. Methodological recommendations for the study of literary local lore at school and methods of work in the classroom are presented. The study found supporting literature that helps to study the material in depth and consider it from different points of view. Excerpts of classes are presented to help traitors navigate the forms of classes aimed at studying materials with the writer's estate texts. In general, the study shows that further methodological improvement of the process of studying the personality and creativity of A.N.Tolstoy at school is possible with the use of traditions and new forms of organizing students' reading activities, as well as with increasing the philological competence of a teacher of literature.

With the development of electronic technologies in the second half of the 20th century, it became obvious that the formation of a digital educational environment would become one of the key directions in the development of domestic education. Since the 1950s, electronic computers have gradually been introduced into the Soviet education system, programming courses have been developed, and computer science textbooks have been published. The article presents an attempt to characterize the experience gained in pedagogical practice in implementing the digital environment in a secondary school. A brief historiography on the stated issues is given. Some facts illustrating the attitude of the Soviet society to the introduction of new technologies in the educational process are given. It is argued that throughout the history of the USSR, it is in the issue of digitalization and informatization of school education as a whole that it will lag behind Western European ones. The article is a kind of continuation of the study “Domestic experience in the formation of a digital educational environment in 1980-1990” published in 2023, which examined only the last decade of the existence of the USSR. This work expands the chronological framework and expands on previously mentioned events regarding the formation of the digital educational environment in the USSR in the 1960s - 1980s.The presented materials may be of interest to historians, teachers, as well as those whose activities are related to the study of the history of computer science at school.