Том 18, № 1 (2022)

The ceramics of the high temperature SrFe2/3W1/3O3 multiferroic was made by the method of solid-phase reactions. According to the results of X-ray diffraction analysis, it was revealed that the sample is single-phased, there are no impurities. The grain structure of SrFe2/3W1/3O3 was analyzed using optical and electron microscopy. Despite the wide range of grain sizes, all of them have an identical shape, which confirms the absence of impurity phases. The grain boundaries are clean and do not have any inclusions. The internal structure of the grains themselves is homogeneous, almost smooth.

Mud breccia is of great interest both from the point of view of explaining the genesis and mechanism of operation of the structures of mud volcanism, and from the point of view of a potentially promising raw material for expanded clay and other building materials. The article is devoted to the study of the mineral composition of the volcanic mud breccia from the Kerch-Taman mud volcanic region by means of four methods: the ultrasonic method; an approach to studying changes in the velocities of elastic waves in plastic rocks and sediments under heating; petrographic analysis of thin sections; and an X-ray diffraction method for studying the phase mineral composition. The applied integrated approach made it possible to obtain qualitative and quantitative data that reveal the process of changing clay matter. Ultrasonic studies made it possible to observe changes in the characteristics of elastic waves when heated. X-ray diffraction analysis made it possible to study mineral associations and phase changes in a substance upon heating. The description of the thin sections made it possible to visualize the transitional stages, to study the lithological and mineral composition. It has been established that the change of clay matter (mud breccia) occurs in several stages – temperature intervals. A comprehensive study of the microstructure of clay rocks (X-ray diffraction analysis and petrographic description of thin sections) made it possible to associate temperature intervals with changes in the microstructure, mineral composition of the rock, and rates of elastic vibrations.

The objective of the study is a geoecological assessment of the water protection zone of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir. A comprehensive assessment of the water protection zone with total length more than 600 km was carried out. The study was based on the materials of remote surveys carried out using the Phantom 4 Pro and Phantom 4 Advanced unmanned aerial vehicles, and processed in the Agisoft Metashape Professional and ArcGIS software. The materials include photos and videos, as well as orthophotomaps obtained during the office analysis. Databases of the main parameters necessary for carrying out a geoecological assessment have been formed: the degree of erosional dissection, the intensity of abrasion, anthropogenic pressure and anthropogenic load. The article discusses the methods of geoecological assessment by analyzing the parameters presented. The water protection zone on the territory of Oktyabrskiy and Surovikino districts of Volgograd Region was completely surveyed. The entire water protection zone allowed for unmanned aerial vehicles flights within the boundaries of Dubovskoe, Tsimlyansk districts of Rostov Region and Kotelnikovо district of Volgograd Region as well as more than 80% of the territory of Kalachevsky district of Volgograd Region was investigated. The presented schematic maps obtained by analyzing high-precision orthophotomaps allow us to get a full picture of the geoecological state of the Tsimlyansk Reservoir water protection zone including economic activity analysis and its impact to the nature of the investigated territory. As a result of the conducted research, a series of GIS maps reflecting the geoecological indicators of the state of the water protection zone was created: a map of intensity of exogenous geological processes (the rate of destruction of the shores), a map of erosion fragmentation of the water protection zone, anthropogenic pressure map (demographic load), and a map of anthropogenic load, taking into account all types of economic activity in the studied territory. The result of the study is a geoecological assessment of the water protection zone according to the degree of manifestation of dangerous natural and anthropogenic processes.

As a result of ornithological observations in the Temryuk area (Eastern Azov region) in different seasons of 2020–2021 new information was obtained on the presence of 17 species and subspecies of rare and protected birds: the Black-throated loon Gavia arctica arctica (Linnaeus, 1758), Dalmatian pelican Pelecanus crispus Bruch, 1832, Pygmy cormorant Phalacrocorax pygmaeus (Pallas, 1773), Squacco heron Ardeola ralloides ( Scopoli, 1769), Glossy ibis Plegadis falcinellus (Linnaeus, 1766), White-tailed eagle Haliaetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758), Red-footed falcon Falco vespertinus Linnaeus, 1766, Common crane Grus grus (Linnaeus, 1758), Black-winged stilt Himantopus himantopus (Linnaeus, 1758), Eurasian oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus longipes Buturlin, 1910, Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa (Linnaeus, 1758), Pallas’s gull Larus ichthyaetus Pallas, 1773, Mediterranean gull Larus melanocephalus Temminck, 1820, Slenderbilled gull Larus genei Brême, 1840, Sandwich tern Thalasseus sandvicensis (Latham, 1787), Caspian tern Hydroprogne caspia (Pallas, 1770), Little tern Sterna albifrons Pallas, 1764. Mixed colonies of the Whiskered tern Chlidonias hybridus (Pallas, 1811), Common tern Sterna hirundo Linnaeus, 1758, and Great crested grebe Podiceps cristatus (Linnaeus, 1758) were found. In mid-March 2021 the anseriformes, as well as Dalmatian pelicans, great cormorants and other species, which stopped migration due to a sharp drop in temperature in the region, have formed large concentrations on the estuaries of the Kuban delta. At the beginning of September 2021, aggregations of the Slender-billed gull, Sandwich tern, which also included great cormorant, the Caspian gull Larus cachinnans Pallas, 1811, blackheaded gull Larus ridibundus Linnaeus, 1766, Caspian and common terns, were found on the coast of the bay, sandbars and islets. At that time, the coot Fulica atra Linnaeus, 1758 began to concentrate on the estuaries. The diversity of habitats in the area of Temryuk Bay is a valuable natural resource that supports the species diversity of birds in different seasons. During the migration period, sandy spits and islands are a refuge for breeding and migratory species and contribute to maintaining the number of Ciconiiformes, Charadriiformes et al. Sea shallow bays are a feeding habitat for waterfowl and seabirds, and estuaries are a nesting, feeding and resting place during the migration period for numerous waterfowl, grebes, herons, swans, geese, ducks, waders, gulls and terns. In summer, the estuaries Bolshoy Chervonny, Maly Chervonny and Dolgiy have well-developed “meadows” of underwater vegetation, which serve as a nesting habitat for whiskered terns, common terns and grebes. Concentrations of birds form during the non-breeding season on most of the surveyed estuaries. A special role is played by the agricultural branch of rice cultivation with a system of irrigation canals, overgrown with reeds, and paddy fields flooded with water, which attract many bird species, including Black-winged stilt and Glossy ibis. Some of the species subject to protection, in particular the Squacco heron and Glossy ibis, show relative resistance to the disturbance factor in places of recreation, near road.

С 6 по 11 сентября 2021 г. в пос. Абрау-Дюрсо, г. Новороссийск проходила Всероссийская объединенная конференция «Экология. Экономика. Информатика». Организаторы конференции – Федеральный исследовательский центр Южный научный центр Российской академии наук (ЮНЦ РАН, г. Ростов-на-Дону), Южный федеральный университет (ЮФУ, г. Ростов-на-Дону), ПАО «Новошип» (г. Новороссийск).