Vol 7, No 4 (2017)

The article presents information on the development of a new technical solution for the spatially-barrel construction of the covering. The authors propose a metal three-dimensional lattice construction, assembled from corner sections using sheet shapes in knots. On the proposed solution the authors obtained a patent. To prove the validity of the previously stated assumptions about the properties of the future design, namely its reliability and safety, the authors carried out experimental design work. The proposed coating design was designed, manufactured and applied as a covering for a production building. After the installation of the roof experimental design tests were carried out by design load. The load was simulated by loading the cover with sandbags. During the tests the stresses were measured in the most important rods. The results of the measurements showed compliance with the calculated forecasts.

The analysis of existing Russian and foreign methods for determination of lateral pressure of light concrete mix laid in the formwork, its scope and technological factors is proposed as well as the study of the processes associated with the laying of light concrete mixture in the formwork system from the position of the resulting operational impacts. The results reveal that the pressure on the formwork for these methods depends on speed of concreting of the structure, and the distribution of lateral pressure light concrete mixture according to the height of the formwork is similar to the eff ects of heavy concrete and may be made by analogy with the plots of hydrostatic pressure, it is necessary to bring the properties of light concrete mix that consolidate by vibration to the properties of the heavy liquids with the corresponding density values.

The results of an experimental study of the strength and stress-strain state of reinforced concrete beams in the zone of shear bending are presented. The study was carried out on samples with a small percentage of longitudinal section reinforcement. The technique of testing, data on the rigidity and crack resistance of test specimens under loading, the nature of their destruction are presented. Comparison of experimental values of failure loads with calculated values obtained by the methods of domestic and foreign design standards is performed. It is shown that the empirical basis of the calculation methods limits the range of satisfactory correspondence between the calculated and experimental values of the strength of inclined sections of reinforced concrete beams under the action of shear forces. The conclusion is made about the need to improve the design models to ensure the constructive safety of design solutions.

The results of studies of physicochemical composition of drinking water and the magnitude of its Zeta potential establishing the degree of dependency of these indicators. Samples were taken in winter and summer. It is shown that variation of values for such parameters as alkalinity, hardness, contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+ slightly on the individual areas of sampling. It is established that values of indic ators of quality of drinking water from underground water intakes was more stable than from a surface source. In artesian water values the Zeta potential (ζ-potential) was 3-7 times lower than in the Volga. The alkalinity of the water year was slightly above winter. There were relations between the value of the Zeta potential and alkalinity of the water as well as turbidity and hardness. In most cases, the magnitude of the accuracy of the approximation was greater than 0.9.

It is established that application of the latest material and reagents for preparation of drinking water, allows to increase a loading fi lter run due to small contaminant capacity of the mineral fi ltering material and to lower economic costs by reagent economy as effi ciency of water purifi cation is reached even in case of its small doses.

The article gives an evaluation of the effi ciency of the Don main canal impervious screen, fi eld observation on the canal section before and after reconstruction are carried out. To estimate the eff ectiveness of the impervious measure, comparative calculations are carried out for the canal section before the reconstruction (in the earthen channel) and after it (with facing from geocomposite bentonite mats), conclusions are drawn and recommendations for channel operation are made.

The article is devoted to the architectural theory created in the Renaissance. During this period, for the fi rst time since Antiquity, a classical theory of architecture was created and developed, which until today largely determines modern theory. In the architectural theory of the Renaissance separate sections were developed, which eventually turned into separate directions, and retain their autonomy today. The article deals with the features of the historical evolution of architectural theory in the 15th-16th centuries, the theoretical contributions of the authors of the theory and topics that are common to all treatises are analyzed. The conclusion is made about the constants of the theory of architecture that determine its meaning and structure, regardless of the features of historical periods.

The article considers the actual cluster approach to planning for sustainable development of the agglomeration territories. The authors base their study on the frame structure built in the Metropolitan area of educational, industrial, economic and fi nancial information exchange networks. The article concludes, that the urban planning policy of development of the Samara-Togliatt i agglomeration based on cluster strategy, will allow the universities in the region, including support to the University, national research University create a platform of innovation cluster infrastructure of the region.

The article views the urbanization processes which are linked with continuous transformation of city for increasing of its eff ectiveness in accordance with requirements to the environment. The actual questions of the method of interaction of diff erent historical layers in urban environment are broached. The methods and means of integration of old and new are discovered on the example of design of modern high-rise complexes with their inclusion into historical objects structure. For scientifi c justifi cation of criteria of integration of existing buildings and new development in terms of vertical urban growth the concept of «hybridization method» is proposed. This method assumes that the relationship of the old and the new is based on complementary interaction principles. The examples of eff ective integration of high-rise buildings and historic houses are given with a comprehensive analysis of town planning, space planning, social and economic, demographic, environmental, technological and the other factors.

In the article the results of research works of a large-scale object of cultural heritage of the Earth mound of the Krasnoyarsk fortress with application of aerial photography from the unmanned aerial vehicle are presented. The Krasnoyarsk fortress is a unique monument of military fortifi cation architecture of Russia of the fi rst half of the XVIII century and one of the largest defensive lines in Russia, created for protection of the southeastern edge of the European Russia against att acks of nomads. The results of vertical and oblique aerial photography allow to reveal the general architectural and planning composition of the Earth mound of fortress as well as to see all the area of a complex and to defi ne the territorial unity with other fortifi cation constructions. The methods of use of unmanned aerial vehicles give materials about the object in study and allow to bind its spatial location to the coordinate system of the terrain, to create three-dimensional model of the area, to compare the received images with the available historical cards and plans, which will signifi cantly facilitate the task of registering the Fortress with the security authorities and withdrawing its territory from economic use.

The problem of optimizing the light environment of cities is one of the major problems in current urban planning. Natural light environment is a distribution of the optical radiation spectrum in space, perceived in the form of visual and other psycho-physiological reactions and physical and biological state of the environment of his life. Health and sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population, municipal economy, effi - ciency of capital investment in the construction and preservation of non-renewable natural energy resources of the country are determined by level of utilization of natural light. In article on the basis of the study methodological bases of formation of the light environment are proposed and a number of promising directions of optimization as the main formative, environmental and economic factors of structural-spatial development of cities are revealed.

Two ways of increasing of a distribution line natural loading with losses up to the capacity level, limited by the economic current density or by the current density of a heating of phase conductors are considered. The article shows that crosscurrent capacity compensation does not impose technical limitations on the possibility of natural loading of a distribution line increasing, in contrast to series capacitance, whose capabilities are limited by the active resistance of phase wires. The ratio of crosscurrent capacity compensation necessary to increase natural load of a distribution line to the capacity level limited by the economic current density or allowable by the current density of a heating of phase conductors is determined.