Vol 8, No 4 (2018)

In this paper experimental studies of ring-shaped reinforced concrete matrices for explosive stamping on deformation indexes under the eff ect of impulse loads are viewed. The study was carried out on sample, which was subjected to explosive loading. The results of calibration tests using the “Dynamics- 1” strain gauge complex are presented. The dependence of the tension in the matrix on the reaction of the strain gauge system is obtained. The obtained experimental data are compared with theoretical calculations. The general results of the studies obtained are given taking into account their further use for serial testing of matrices in order to determine their durability.

This article considers the features of the use of monolithic foam concrete as a heat-insulating layer in the building enveloping structures of buildings operated under intermitt ent heating conditions. To assess the eff ectiveness of the use of monolithic foam concrete in building enveloping structures, a thermal engineering calculation of the outer wall, insulated with the use of monolithic foam concrete, was carried out. Based on the calculations carried out by the authors, graphs of the dependence of the heating time of multilayered enclosing structures on the thickness of the heat-insulating layer and the reduced resistance to heat transfer of the structure were obtained. The optimum range of thicknesses and densities of monolithic foam concrete for thermal insulation of external walls of buildings, operated in conditions of intermitt ent heating, is off ered. This calculation also showed that the use of foam concrete as a heater from the inside of the outer wall can reduce the load on the foundation of the building.

Studies of the electro-technological treatment of waste water of large livestock farms indicate the possibility of integrated implementation of the principles of hydrodynamic, electromagnetic, electrochemical and bioenergetic disinfection of objects infected with pathogenic microorganisms in the electro- technological installation (ETI). Improving the effi ciency of decontamination by means of ETI indicates the promise of this approach from the standpoint of energy, environmental and resource conservation, its transfer will signifi cantly reduce the man-made burden on the environment and ensure the required level of environmental safety of the population and staff .

On the example of single-industry towns of the Republic of Karelia the article shows the possibility of restoring the activities of enterprises depending on the state of engineering support of water supply systems. There was a decrease in water consumption, high wear of water treatment plants, the lack of reagent treatment of colored water and, as a result, ineffi cient operation of facilities. It is shown that the reconstruction is possible with the application of the investment program. Projects have been developed for the reconstruction of the technological scheme for purifying low-turbid, high-color water and creating a circulating system for cleaning the wash water of contact illuminators.

Currently one of the tasks of materials science is to fi nd ways to reduce the cost of building materials. Studies have shown that the initial strength of the starting components does not aff ect the properties of the material. The article presents a study of the physicochemical processes occurring on the surface of dispersed components, the infl uence of the thickness of water fi lms on the strength of the fi nal material. The interdependence between the area of the endo-eff ects of thermograms and the strength of the materials obtained is considered. A model of interaction in dispersed systems is proposed, which allows one to infl uence the structure formation of composite materials in a targeted manner. Research is aimed at studying the patt erns of physicochemical processes on the surface of fi ne particles, the understanding of which allows us to predict, and subsequently set the properties of the materials obtained.

The article presents various methods of synthesizing heat-resistant binders based on large-tonnage wastes of the ceramic industry. The use of expanded clay dust in the compositions of heat-resistant concrete on portlandcement allowed to increase their residual strength in the zone of critical temperatures (800-1000 ° C). It was revealed and justifi ed that the use of phosphate binders for synthesizing a binder made it possible to increase the refractoriness of the heat-resistant composition based on expanded clay dust to 1300-1350 с. As the experiments show, claydite dust in its composition contains a clay component, which ensures the plasticity of the ramming mass. It was established that samples of ramming mass on orthophosphoric acid did not require heat treatment and can be immediately removed.

The industrial territories of the enterprises of ferrous metallurgy located within the city are considered, their problems at the present stage and historical and cultural signifi cance are revealed. Ways of an eff ective mechanism for improving the environmental quality of stagnant industrial areas in cities of the Siberian region are analyzed and determined. Theoretical positions and practical recommendations for the formation of strategies for the renovation of industrial areas were developed. The basic principles of the formation of public ecological spaces are formulated during the renovation of the stagnant territories of metallurgical plants located in the central regions of industrial cities. The theoretical principles of this study have been tested in the development strategy of the stagnant territory of the sludge pit of the Novokuznetsk Metallurgical Combine.

The architecture of the city of Samara of the XIX century, made on exemplary projects. The formation of the architectural environment of the city is investigated. A detailed analysis of the current state of the buildings of Samara, executed on model projects, was carried out. On the example of several monuments, their typical history of reorganizations and changes is considered. On the basis of archival research and analysis of the current state of development, features and decorative solutions of buildings are revealed. The results of the successful study of a successful past, analyze the present, which helps to prepare the basic principles of successful restoration and renovation of historic buildings.

The article provides a brief overview of some areas of participatory practices in Russian cities. Methods of interaction with citizens at diff erent levels, ways and possibilities of their involvement for the joint solution of tasks and problems in the city (from improvement of the yard to town-planning projects) are considered. Programs to support the initiatives of residents and urban development activists help in the implementation of projects to improve the urban environment. All kinds of training programs help in the study of the city structure, contribute to the understanding of its internal relationships, who and how aff ects the city. The probable positive and negative sides of the considered practices are revealed.

The article describes the building of mechanical mills and grain barns of the Samara province. The types of mill constructions, volume-spatial, planning, design features are shown. Transitional types of buildings from wind and water mills to mechanical are identifi ed. The features of the formation of the external architectural appearance of the mills, the relationship with the technological processes of production are determined. Mill buildings are considered as part of industrial complexes, which also include buildings for the placement of engines, grain barns and elevators, offi ces, residential buildings.

A review of some concepts of man-made space of the twentieth century is given. The main part of the article is devoted to the analysis of the «second nature» in the Soviet and Western European branches of Marxism. The diff erence of approaches and criticism of some points are presented. One of the examples of the linguistic school of - the hermeneutics of Paul Ricoeur and some examples of existential philosophy philosophy are considered. The concepts and approaches common to diff erent schools of philosophical thought are revealed. The connection of philosophical concepts and professional architectural studies is shown. It can be concluded about the general corpus of the space conclusions, which unites the discourses of diff erent schools. The sum of these concepts allows us to form, with further development, a general theory of man-made space.

The architectural and planning features of wooden fortresses of the city of Samara, built next to each other with a time interval of 120 years, are considered. The origins of one of the unique spatial characteristics of Samara, a special historical code of development of its territory, are analyzed, when at each new stage of development in the city a new center was formed with a consistent movement higher and higher along the watershed from the arrow of the Volga and Samara rivers. The emergence of this spatial expansion is justifi ed by the construction of a second wooden fortress as a new urban center, but not in the place of the burnt fi rst fortress, but in the neighboring territory after 200 m. Since at the moment both fortresses have not survived, with the exception of basement fragments , the authors analyze the possibilities of a new reading of the “memory of the place” and the restoration of the cultural and genetic code of the city that was lost in due time. The article proposes an algorithm for the development and subsequent comprehensive implementation of the historical and cultural strategy of urban development, based on the creation of unique models of public spaces that can connect the past and the present in a new spatial paradigm. The concept of an interactive platform is considered with the aim of promoting a sociocultural project and drawing public att ention to the problem of the irretrievable loss of the historical and cultural heritage.

The possibility and expediency of using multicomponent coolants in thermal technological processes, obtained by injection and subsequent evaporation of small water droplets by direct contact with the products of complete combustion of hydrocarbon fuel, is considered. The results of studies of the formation of gas-vapor mixture in the heat generator with the injection of superheated water into the stream of products of complete combustion of gas fuel are given.