Vol 1, No 1 (2011)

Articles

«GREEN» STANDARDS AND «GREEN» BUILDING DEVELOPMENT

LEKAREVA N.A.

Abstract

The article is devoted to burning theme for contemporary architecture and city-building, concerned the high-technological approach to architectural projecting, taking into account the requirements of ecology, energy-efficiency and the increase of building quality with minimum expenses and maximum comfort. The national standards of “green” building are meant to adapt international requirements for development of energy-efficient, ecological and comfortable building or complex to local conditions. The examples of ecological and high-technological approach in russian and foreign projecting practice are presented.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):6-9
pages 6-9 views

SOCIAL ADDRESS OF THE DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL AND MIXED RESIDENTIAL GROUP WITH CONSIDERATION OF THE NEEDS OF THE COMMUNITY

ZhOGOLEVA A.V.

Abstract

The decision of the socially-focused problems of residential group design is directed to the creation of residential group environment, as the steady socially-spatial complex, promoting formation of the neighbourhood. This article explores the architectural- planning characteristics of residential group, associated with the needs of neighbour’s community, such as functional and planning organization of territory, differentiation of territory on ownership and control, design of heterogeneous socio-cultural living environment, etc.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):10-15
pages 10-15 views

ARCHITECTURAL SPACES IN MODERN URBANIZED CITY SYSTEM

SMOLENSKAYa E.O.

Abstract

The article deals with the basic problems of systemic organization of spatial structures in the urban environment. The examples of the environment organization in international practice are given. The indexes of space quality are described. The methods of organization and reorganization of public architectural spaces in the urban environment are suggested.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):16-20
pages 16-20 views

COMPOSITIONAL AND PLANNING FEATURES OF A PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE AS AN OBJECT OF SPATIAL CROSSING

KOLESNIKOV S.A.

Abstract

This article concerns questions about reorganisation of the city environment with the help of integration communicational functional spatial elements in it. The publication covers compositional and planning features of a pedestrian bridge like an object of spatial crossing. Techniques of contacts with relief and geometrical configuration of communicational zone are defined.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):21-23
pages 21-23 views

RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF UN DOCUMENTS ON THE PROBLEMS OF LIVING ENVIRONMENT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

VAVILOVA T.Y.

Abstract

In the article the official documents of the UN before the XXIth century are viewed. It concerns the questions of interaction between the society and the environment. The experience of formation and improvement of sustainable development notion is generalized. Special attention is paid to the problems of urbanization.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):24-28
pages 24-28 views

PRINCIPLES OF INTELLIGENT URBANISM AS THE CONCEPTUAL BASIS OF FOREIGN TOWN PLANNING

MEL'NIKOVA V.M., MASTALERZh N.A.

Abstract

Article shows 10 principles of Intelligent Urbanism, that form the basis of contemporary town planning theory. Principles give the opportunity to work out strategies for urban development, that cover questions of historical heritage, social integration, safe streets, sustainability of engineering systems and context-appropriate architecture, effective redevelopment of brownfields and ecological balance. The institutional integrity (principle 10) is one of the most important criterions of achievement. Much attention is given to the problem of urban community creation (principle 4) and public space formation facilitating communication and interaction between citizens on different levels.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):31-37
pages 31-37 views

SERIALITY IN ART AND ARCHITECTURE DURING THE PERIOD OF INDUSTRIAL MANUFACTURE DEVELOPMENT

FEDOROVA M.A.

Abstract

In the article the development of seriality concept in the context of changes in science, technology, art and architecture during the period of industrial manufacture development is viewed. There is the necessity of search of new forms and means of expressiveness in connection with changes in art and architecture. At this stage seriality becomes the tool of development of author’s methods and new directions in art and architecture. Simultaneously it is the basis for establishment of balance between mass and unique, during industrial manufacture of objects of art, architecture and design.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):38-40
pages 38-40 views

PUNCHING PERFORMANCE IN ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN AND IN ARCHITECTURE

KARAKOVA T.V.

Abstract

In the article the results of analysis of punched surfaces use in architectural objects and environmental design, including – in object design – are presented. The inclusion of similar structures differs in character of punched planes cooperating with light. As a result of such interaction the new system formation and the new composite context is born.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):41-43
pages 41-43 views

URBAN FORMATION OF SAMARA AND ITS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE END OF THE XIXth – THE BEGINNING OF THE XXth CENTURY

BAL'ZANNIKOVA E.M.

Abstract

The specific features of Samara origin and of the formation of industrial areas in its historical part are viewed. The location of enterprises at earlier stages of industrial production development was defined first of all by natural factors: enterprises were located along the rivers. The end of the XIXth century for Samara is characterized with significant outburst of agriculture, especially of flour-milling industry. Samara was one of the main flour suppliers to European countries. The construction of Samara – Zlatoust Railway and the development of river shipping provided new perspectives for the development of the city and facilitated its transforming into a large industrial center of Russia.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):44-48
pages 44-48 views

USE OF COAGULANTS FOR THE TREATMENT OF WASH WATER HIGH-RATE TRICKLING FILTERS

BUTKO D.A., LYSOV V.A., RODIONOVA A.B.

Abstract

The classification of reagent-free and reagent systems of wash water high-rate trickling filters’ is proposed. Optimal doses of the examined coagulants with the same values of Camp criterion are set.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):50-53
pages 50-53 views

OSOBENNOSTI MODELIROVANIYa FIL'TRATsIIV KRUPNOPORISTYKh MATERIALAKh KONSTRUKTsIY VODOZABORNO-OChISTNYKh SOORUZhENIY

VDOVIN Y.I., STRELKOV D.A.

Abstract

Scientific and engineering aspects of modelling the filtration in coarse-pored materials of water intake-treatment plants’ structures are considered. There have been formulated basic matters for modelling the filtration for solving the problems of improving the technology of water withdrawal from water sources and the construction of water intake-treatment plants. Criteria of modelling filtration processes and washing water inlet’s filters are observed.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):54-56
pages 54-56 views

ABOUT THE DEMAND FOR RELIABILITY VALUES OF WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE SYSTEMS

GAL'PERIN E.M.

Abstract

It has been studied that major drawbacks in formulating the requirements for the reliability of water supply and sewerage systems in existing regulations are related to the fact of their being formulated in the first part of the XXth century. These regulations don’t take into account the latest achievements in the reliability theory appeared and developed successfully in the second part of the XXth century. Among these achievements there is a methodologically correct selection of indices for estimating the reliability of complex technical systems. The selection of science-based reliability indices for water supply and sewerage systems and their introduction in the existing regulations is the task of primary importance.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):57-61
pages 57-61 views

INFLUENCE OF LANDFILL DEPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE ON GROUND AND SURFACE WATERS

GUBANOV L.N., ZVEREVA A.Y., ZVEREVA V.I.

Abstract

Most landfills don’t meet the requirements for the terms of waste disposal and are just dumps without any engineering infrastructure protecting biosphere objects from polluting. Chemical and microbiological processes occurring in the municipal solid
waste mass lead to the formation of harmful substances polluting water objects.

The designs of landfills MSW should have a two-stage scheme of wastewater treatment. The first stage of treatment is done in ponds-regulators of high capacity by homogenisation, dilution and long-lasting settling of wastewater. The second stage of treatment is performed on plants of physical-chemical and biological treatment. Negative influence of the rest harmful substancesdecreases if there is a big enough natural biochemical barrier between the water wall and the nearest water-bearing level, i.e. if the basement of the landfill has rocks that can effectively prevent pollutants’ taking out to ground water levels.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):62-66
pages 62-66 views

INFLUENCE OF WASTEWATERS OF MUNICIPAL BIOLOGICAL WATER TREATMENT PLANTS ON THE CONDITION OF BENTHIC CENOSES IN THE BELAYA RIVER

KAREVA E.S., BIKKININ A.R.

Abstract

The article reports on the results of the study of the Belaya river’s ecological condition in the area of wastewater ejection from the biofeedback in Ufa by analyzing the condition of benthic animals’ community. The degradation of benthic cenoses in the area of wastewater ejection is noted. The ecological condition becomes better 500 m lower the ejections, saprobity index of river waters decreases to the value «minor pollution», however the number and biomasses of macrozoobenthos stays lower here than background values.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):67-70
pages 67-70 views

COMPARATIVE HYDRAULIC TESTS OF DRAINAGE CAPS IN WATER PURIFYING FILTERS WASHING REGIME

KIM A.N., UTIN A.V.

Abstract

According to researchers, the coefficient of discharge μ fails to reflect the efficiency of brand new makes of drainage caps with their state-of-the-art materials. Further research is required to work out new criteria of comparison of different types of drainage caps.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):71-75
pages 71-75 views

INFLUENCE OF URBANIZATION ON THE SYSTEMS OF WATER DISPOSAL AND SURFACE DISCHARGE PURIFICATON (IN SAMARA)

STRELKOV A.K., GRIDNEVA M.A., KONDRINA E.E.

Abstract

The article focuses on surface type ratio in towns and cities and its effect on rainwater expenditures and load on sewer networks. Calculations are provided for different surface coefficients (based on the Belski sewer outlet in Samara). It has been discovered that the more the value of the surface coefficient zmid is, the more expenditures are. The sewer network mentioned above cannot cope with rainwater load. However, bigger pipe diameter or parallel pipe laying is not always possible and/or reasonable. Thus, planting of greenery ought to be considered as a subsidiary way to lift part of the load from the sewer network.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):76-83
pages 76-83 views

RESEARCH ON FREQUENCY OF OCCURENCE OF HYDROBIONTS IN BIOFILMS OF ROTATING BIOLOGICAL CONTRACTORS DURING SEWAGE TREATMENT

ShUVALOV M.V., STRELKOV A.K., ShUVALOV R.M.

Abstract

There is research on frequency of occurence of hydrobionts in biofilms of rotating biological contractors, which are used in stations of biological cleaning in small settlements. There are 19 types of organisms, among them are filamentary bacteria and Nematoda worms.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):84-90
pages 84-90 views

PROBABILITY ESTIMATE OF EARTH DAM SLOPES STABILITY

BAL'ZANNIKOV M.I., ShAKARNA S.M.

Abstract

The article considers various approaches to the estimation of earth dam slopes stability taking into account changeability and uncertainty of properties indices for materials in the structure and the ground base, as well as variability of effective loads. The necessity and the expediency of use of probability estimate methods are emphasized. The paradigm and the example of earth dam slopes stability analysis are provided.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):92-95
pages 92-95 views

RESULTS OF RESEARCH ON TECHNOLOGY OF MAKING ANTI - FILTRATION ELEMENTS OF DAMS BY POURING FAST HARDENING MATERIALS

MIKhASEK A.A.

Abstract

The results of research on creation of anti-filtration elements in dams with use of fast-hardening materials are presented. The amount of material consumed is defined as a technological parameter. Dependence of consumed material determining on the thickness of a layer is obtained. On the basis of the received dependence technical and economic comparison of options is made, the efficiency of the given technology is established.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):96-98
pages 96-98 views

THE NEW APPROACH TO INCREASING OF ECOLOGICAL SAFETY OF THE EXPLOITED EARTH HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING STRUCTURES

BAL'ZANNIKOV M.I., RODIONOV M.V., SELIVERSTOV V.A.

Abstract

The state of operated low-pressure hydroengineering complexes with earth dams constructed on small rivers is analyzed. It is shown that many of earth dams have poor condition and are in need of repair work. For increasing of ecological security it is offered to install crest and downstream slope in order to enable passing of rare floods at high-water years directly via an earth dam without the risk of its destruction. The design of earth water retaining structures is proposed. Its advantages are summarized.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):100-105
pages 100-105 views

UPGRADE OF URBAN AREA PROTECTION TECHNIQUES VS NEGATIVE IMPACT OF UNEQUIPPED CONSTRUCTION WASTE DUMPS

GALITsKOVA Y.M.

Abstract

The problems of urban pollution with construction waste, formed in the course of repair, reconstruction and construction of different units are considered. The results of soil tests underneath unequipped dumps are provided. The means of construction waste dumps liquidation in urban areas ensuring minimal negative environmental impacts are described.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):106-110
pages 106-110 views

RESOURCE SAVING APPROACH TO RAW MATERIAL BASE OF BUILDING INDUSTRY

ChUMAChENKO N.G.

Abstract

An estimate of natural and technogenic raw material bases for construction materials production is given. These two groups of primary products are suggested to be considered as a united raw material base for building industry due to including industrial wastes. To be selected for an appropriate use every industrial waste sort must undergo several levels of estimation on the following criteria: toxic level; chemical and mineral composition; selection of wastes from ready-made construction materials or their components; selection of wastes from ready-made raw mixes for the production of building materials; estimation of aggregate state; estimation of the amount of formation. After such a multilevel estimation, waste is getting a certain status.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):112-116
pages 112-116 views

COMPOSITE ORGANIC BINDER BASED ON TECHNOLOGICAL WASTE OF DRILLING ENGINEERING INDUSTRY COMPANYS

ShEINA T.V., TsUKER A.A.

Abstract

In the article the rubber compound composition is considered in detail. It is used in rubber rings of cone drill bit at «Volgaburmash»joint stock company. In the laboratory the omposite organic binder was prepared on the basis of bitumen, oil-slime and crashed rubber waste of gasket rubber rings of cone drill bit (fr. < 1mm). This binder has extremely heat stability and crack resistance and as a result it has wide range of plasticity at high and low temperatures. On the basis of this organic binder asphalt concrete with improved heat, crack and water resistance was prepared.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):117-122
pages 117-122 views

THE FUTURE OF THE USE OF EPOXY RESINS IN THE ROAD SECTOR

ShEINA T.V., KULEShOVA E.N.

Abstract

Traffic on the road is increasing constantly and uncontrollably, that makes necessary to build roads from fundamentally new materials. An alternative to modern asphalt- and cement concretes is epoxy polymer concrete surpassing them in performance figures and durability. However, high cost of organic binder limits its wide application in the road sector, and it leads to the necessity of studying of plastics and petroleum industries waste. The possibility of obtaining of epoxy polymer concrete is based on bicomponent epoxy primer – waste of the enterprise «Novatek-Polymer» and sludges of Syzran and Kuibyshev refineries oil. The developed compositions are recommended for foundations and airfields pavements and roads of Ist, IInd technical categories for all road-climatic zones.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):123-128
pages 123-128 views

MODELLING OF INDUCTION HEATING OF EXTRUDER BARREL DURING MANUFACTURING EXPANDED POLYSTYRENE SLABS

DANILUShKIN A.I., DANILUShKIN V.A.

Abstract

The mathematical models of the process of indirect induction heating of granulated polystyrene in extruder during manifacturing of expanded polystyrene slabs are viewed. The proposed models are used to design energy-efficient construction of induction heaters in extrusion- type line for the production of expanded polystyrene slabs.

Urban construction and architecture. 2011;1(1):129-132
pages 129-132 views

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