Vol 16, No 2 (2015)

In the given article the problem of increasing the objects coordinates’ determination accuracy from ground-based long-range radio navigation systems (RNS) was considered. The examples of such systems are the system of global coverage “Omega”, operating in VLF-band, the system of LF-band “Loran-C”, as well as MF-band systems “Sprut”, “Bras”, and others. As these systems operate in a low-frequency part of the radio spectrum, the results of measurements of the navigation parameters (differences of ranges, quasi-ranges, etc.) are influenced by characteristics of the underlying surface, resulting that the measured values of these parameters may vary significantly from their true values. The characteristics of the underlying surface include such parameters as resistivity and dielectric permittivity. If it is possible to provide a precise definition of the values of the characteristics of the underlying surface, it will be possible to calculate corrections to the measured values of the navigation parameters using known methods. Further, the measured values of the navigation parameters can be adjusted, which will increase the overall accuracy of determining the object’s coordinates. To determine the conductivity and the dielectric permittivity electromagnetic methods (EMM) equipment to determine the parameters of the underlying surface can be used. This equipment was developed in Krasnoyarsk Department of Geophysics OJSC “Almazzolotoavtomatika” with the participation of the Department of radio Electronic systems, of Siberian Federal University. The main purpose of this equipment is mineral exploration. The equipment provides measurements in the frequency band, corresponding to the operating band of the investigated radio-navigation systems. It allows to measure parameters of the underlying surface on the RNS operating frequencies values, and contributes to a more precise determination of the underlying surface parameters. In the article the mathematical expressions relating the parameters of the underlying surface with the measured values of the components of the field were presented, as well as a monogram, which can determine the values of conductivity and dielectric permittivity from measurements, made of the device. The description of the working program that performs the calculation of the parameters of the underlying surface, designed to run on a personal computer in the operating system environment Microsoft Windows XP/7/8 was given. The developed program provides automated input of measurement data from the measuring unit and the calculation of the underlying surface parameters values. The calculated results are output to a file, which can later be read and processed using Microsoft Office Excel program. At the end of the article the conclusion about the possibility of using the developed tool to determine the parameters of the underlying surface, required to improve the accuracy of coordinates determination using long-range RNS, operating in low-frequency part of the radio spectrum is given. The other possible applications of the device described as in communication technology, and for its intended purpose - in the electric prospecting are shown.

Mellin-Barnes integrals represent hyper geometrical functions - the most extensive class of special functions. These integrals are applied to calculation of groups of a monodromy of A-hyper geometrical systems of the differential equations. Besides, Mellin-Barnes integrals found a broad application in theoretical physics, in particular, in problems of quantum electrodynamics. Separately it is necessary to emphasize a role of integrals of Mellin-Barnes in the theory of the algebraic equations. The research problem of convergence of Mellin-Barnes integrals in boundary points of their areas of convergence is of interest. For integral of Mellin-Barnes submitting solutions of the algebraic equations this task it was considered earlier. Integrated Mellin transform for the decision of the general polynomial system of the algebraic equations was investigated in a number of modern works in which direct transformation was calculated by means of linearization of system (replacement of a variable of a special look). For system of the polynomial equations of a special look the theorem in which an integrated impression like Mellin-Barnes of monomial function a solution vector of system with the indication of a set of convergence is gained is proved. The proof consists of two parts. Function representation of a solution vector in the integral like Mellin-Barnes locates in the first part. In the second part of the proof the set of convergence of the received integral, namely boundary points of area of convergence is investigated. It is proved that any boundary point won’t belong to convergence area, the integral submitting the decision of polynomial system of a special look meets in sectorial area.

The article discusses the reliability of automated systems, the question of the effectiveness of Reliability Improvement by reservation. Action ACS is considered from the point of view of production of a product, in the general case - some tangible results. The phenomenon, which brings the system reliability, the cost of implementing a redundant system, is studied. The actual construction of ACS requires capital costs (economic resources). The effect that increases the degree of redundancy is shown. We study a system with full redundancy, the consumption of resources for their implementation. We reveal the consequences of failure, the transition systems are faulty and dangerous condition caused by the failure of damage. The formula for determining the dependence of the effect on the costs of implementing the system, the damage caused by failure of the system, reliability and redundancy are shown. The above formulas to dependence on a small number of variables are carried out. The graphs showing the changes in terms profitability varying degrees of redundancy, graphs of the relative value of the damage and the relative value of the relative damage and reliability are provided. On the graph it is shown the critical values of the cost of systems with a certain degree of redundancy, reliability and damage, above which the economic effect is negative. It is shown under what conditions it becomes profitable or that the degree of redundancy, the boundary conditions to determine the degree of redundancy, allowing to analyze the effectiveness of control systems.

A modeling of discrete-continuous processes in space “input-output” variables. Modeling of these processes can be carried out using various parametric and nonparametric. This article deals with modeling using nonparametric methods. This decision was taken in view of the fact that non-parametric theory, in contrast to the parametric theory assumes that the only known qualitative characteristics of the process. The modeling objects often have an unknown and complex structure. Given these facts, the use and development of nonparametric theory continues to be an urgent task of our time. Our results can be used to equipment spacecraft modeling and them managing. When building a model of the object by means of nuclear grade, an important parameter - the coefficient blur kernel. The algorithms optimize the ratio blur kernel, namely the method of enumeration, the flexible polyhedron method and genetic algorithm. As an optimization criterion was selected standard error of the test process models, calculated using the sliding test. It is worth also say that the results will be presented in the optimization parameter vector blur kernel (for each input action), and in the optimization of the overall coefficient on the interaction of all the input. As it turns out, the accuracy of the model to optimize the parameters of a blur kernel is slightly inferior to the accuracy of the model with optimized parameter vector blur kernel, and the calculation of the coefficient of blur kernel runs much faster and, as a consequence, the model will be built. These results can be extremely useful in modeling and managing the rapid flow of information and the changing environment.

In the present paper we give the description a method of finding the discrete Fourier Transform, which allows to reduce the cost of computer time to calculate compared to the classical algorithm. Fast algorithms for calculating the Fourier transform are very relevant and actual, they have many applications in problems of digital processing of one-dimensional and multi-dimensional signal and processing of different images, for example, satellite images. A common algorithm is a sequential calculation of the one-dimensional Discrete Fourier Transform by rows and columns. There are various methods of acceleration of the algorithm, one of which is implemented in this article. It is presented the software implementation of the modified algorithm of Cooley-Tukey analog for the Discrete Fourier Transform for the one-dimensional signal with the number of counts p · 2 s, p, s N. For this algorithm, we developed a program in the computer algebra system MATLAB. It has been tested on a set consisting of a 16384 counts of one-dimensional signal. The time of calculations for the classical algorithm and for modified algorithm of Fast Fourier Transform is carried out. As a result, the average computer time for the modified algorithm gives about 20 % time reduction. In addition, in the article it is provided a general description of the Discrete Fourier Transform algorithm and indicated opportunities for increasing of the speed of computing. Also, it is considered a modified algorithm of Cooley-Tukey analog for the Fast Fourier Transform of one-dimensional and multidimensional signals.

The problem of improving the quality of the original data in the identification of H-processes is considered. There is stochastic dependence between input variables of such processes so this process precedes not at all the regulated area but only at some of its subdomain. This fact leads to some features that must be considered when identifying. If there is large number of a priori data when building models, you can use the methods of identification in the “broad” sense. However, if there is sufficient a priori information about the object being studied, it is necessary to apply the methods of identification in the “narrow” sense. These methods include nonparametric estimation of regression function from observations. The quality of solving the problem of identification depends on the quality of input data. It is advisable to conduct a preliminary analysis of data to identify and address all the deficiencies in the sample. Under the preliminary analysis of the data is taken to mean filling gaps in observations and eliminating emissions. However, the sample may have other flaws, that will be discussed below, which adversely affect the accuracy of estimation, and, in some cases, lead to the fact that the resulting model will be inadequate to the investigated process. If the point of the original sample in the field of process located patchy, there are low-pressure range and lack of observations, in the areas of reconstruction accuracy is low. Due to the properties of nonparametric estimation, which belongs to the class of local approximations, projections can not be given at the lack of observations subdomain. To resolve all these shortcomings we propose an algorithm to obtain a working sample by generating new points in regions where the density is low in comparison with other areas. After generating new working sample, the quality of estimation is significantly improved, as evidenced by the results of numerical experiments. This kind of tasks are relevant and can be used in solving the problem of recognition in various fields, where the classification accuracy is important, for example, in the diagnosis of space propulsion, electrical, etc.

Wave processes in pipeline systems are at the bottom of non-uniformity of the expenses submitted liquids through them. At opening or closing of regulating armature of a power supply system of liquid rocket engines there are single shock waves which are pressure indignations in a wide spectrum of frequencies and can lead to excitation of instability of working process in gas generators or combustion chambers. The work purpose is the experimental research of processes of attenuation of the compelled fluctuations and single hydroshock waves in turbulent streams poorly compressed a drop liquid in smooth hydraulic highways of round section. As process of attenuation of shock waves is swept up only in extended paths with the relation of length to diameter of the pipeline more than several thousand the methodology of carrying out of the given work has been constructed on excitation of hydroshock waves in the main transport system which is carrying out swapping hydrocarbonic combustible and registration of pressure by gauges, placed in regular intervals along a highway. At researches indignations with amplitude more than in 2 times of level of constant hydrodynamic noise were created. Single hydroshock waves were raised by carrying out the selection of liquid. Thus in reply to crane opening (the selection beginning) the wave pressure reduction, and on closing - a compression wave was generated. The carried out spectral analysis of a signal has shown that the basic part of a spectrum of hydrodynamic fluctuations is in a frequency range to 10 Hz. Higher frequencies generated by work of pump units, quickly fade. As a result of experiments approximation dependence of decrement of attenuation of single waves of compression and pressure reduction in the form of function from Reynolds's numbers has been received. At transitive modes of a current of a liquid from laminar to turbulent dynamic changes occur in a laminar layer and the indicator of attenuation of a shock wave aspires to a constant. On the basis of the made assumptions experimental points are approximated exponential by a kind curve . By results of the spent processing values for factors have been received and comparison of the settlement data with results of experiments is executed. The satisfactory consent of results of tests to modeling installation and extended highways is shown. The received experimental dependence describing attenuation of hydroshock waves in turbulent streams, is used at carrying out of engineering calculations of power supply systems of liquid rocket engines on chair “Rocket engines” at the Moscow aviation institute.

To reduce the disturbing mechanical moments, generated by bearing side of rotating and increase the service life of reaction flywheel included in the system of orientation and stabilization system of the spacecraft, it is proposed to apply magnetohydraulic bearing instead of ball bearing assemblies for rotating flywheel. Magnetic fluid is the main element of magnetohydraulic bearing represented a colloidal solution of single-domain magnetic particles coated with thin layer of protective cover by surfaces actives substances that stave off conglutination of the particles in a liquid base, it has high flowability and saturation of magnetization. If the nonmagnetic object is in the gap filled with a magnetic fluid between the two areas with a higher magnetic field, it is centered between them. As a result, reaction wheels were designed by magnetic-hydraulic bearing with emergency bearing and it increases stability of working rotor’s system by rotation, while it experiences not only axled forces of displacement but also radial forces by outer mechanical disturbance on the frame. For the decrease of the mechanical disturbs moments from the bearing rotation and increase work’s resource of reaction flywheels entering in the system of orientation and stabilization of space apparatus, it is offered to apply magnetic-hydraulic bearings instead of ball-bearing unit to flywheel rotation.

One of the major tasks that challenges manufacturer at a final assembly stage, aimed to reduce abnormal modes of flying for high-speed models of vehicles, is matching parameters of mass-inertia asymmetry with values, specified in operational documentation for the model. Both characterization and model’s balancing are made with special check-out gauging equipment on final part of the common model’s assemblage. Using of methods and equipment of dynamic balancing permits to increase accuracy of the parameters’ measurements. In the paper the algorithm of balancing analysis is considered, when counterpoising the model within the only correction plane on the vertical balancing stand. And the correction plane is being on considerable distance from model’s center of mass. It enables in a single step either bringing mass-inertia asymmetry parameters to predetermined values or diagnosing impossibility of meeting the above values for every specified model of flying model. The parameters are controlled under dynamic conditions. The flying machine is counterbalanced being a part of assembled rotor. The rotor supports are gas bearings, which has a great staunchness to wear and tear. Vertical position of rotation axis allows to exclude deformations of the body of flying model during the experiment. For measure of nonbalances of the model uses piezo-electric sensors. Processing of measuring signals conducts with use the methods of analogue filtering and digital filtering. Tuning the balancing stand fulfill with use of test weights, which mass are known, and which corner positions in planes of correction are known, too. Using of the algorithm allows to exclude of intermediate steps during the balancing experiment and to cut duration of this process. Verification of calculations, made after the results of balancing experiment, demonstrated high accuracy of obtained formulas and usability of the algorithm for precision balancing the flying models of the only correction plane that locates at a distance well removed from the center-mass of the model.

Top-Down product development in integrated 3D-CAD/PLM systems is a source of the significant advantages for aerospace enterprises. This approach allows to parallelize the development process and to effectively manage product changes. This approach is effective not only for 3D models of different phases of development, but also for product systems breakdown at initial phase. The top-down 3D model is an integrated part of enterprise product development data and processes. The author analyzed the current data model and business processes of an aerospace enterprise and proposed a new model, based on extensive use of PLM technology and top-down design approach. Spacecraft is a very specific product from a point of view of top-down approach and geometrical parameterization. The author considers the product 3D modeling process to be a part of product structure management. There are three phases of 3D model development. Wireframe 3D Functional scheme, linked with a spacecraft functional or logical scheme describes basic spacecraft layout and dimensions. Project digital mockup precise the spacecraft primary layout decisions at project development phase. Design digital mockup parametrically linked with a project mockup allows to produce technical drawings and a product structure. Successful application of a top down technique demands a support of system libraries, some of those containing intellectual 3D models. Knowledgeware is one of the keystone technologies incorporated into top-down design process. Implementation of top-down approach may demand an enterprise business process reengineering. A project-oriented business model or a quality gate methodology may be a solution for this problem.

One of important operational phases of planes is an engine runup - check of operability of engine aircraft power units on the platforms which are specially equipped with blast fence. Duration of this stage depends on the engines installed on planes and can reach 30 minutes, such as for the An-12 plane considered in this article. Thus the pollutants formed as the result of fuel combustion cover the territory of a place for approbation of engines and cause the considerable environmental loss. Objective of this research is model construction for the analysis of behavior of streams of combustion gases at collision with a blast fence and the analysis of possible chemical reactions of products of fuel combustion with air oxygen. In this work I have received the qualitative and quantitative results using mathematical model of operation process of approbation of engines. As geometrical model I accepted the two-dimensional model of the plane in the plan and places for engines runup. The kinematic model describes the maximal mode of the considered process characterized by the complete combustion of fuel. Possible chemical reactions of combustion gases with oxygen of air are constructed under this condition. This task is solved by means of the Ansys Fluent software product solved. Results of calculation show that combustion gases undergo change of a trajectory (dispelling) and loss of speed when interacting with of a blast fence. Thus, the mass fractions of products of fuel combustion reach its maximum number on a nozzle exit. And the mass fractions of the substances formed during reactions with air oxygen reach its maximum number on border of streams with environment. Reaction behavior also promotes increase in area of distribution of the pollutants received as a result of oxidation in comparison with the substances set on a nozzle exit. The received analysis of processes allows to conduct the further research directed on decrease of pollution of territories for engine runup. In the future they can be applied in the airfields supplied with platforms for engine runup for the purpose of decrease of concentration of pollution concentration on aerodrome environs.

The article deals with a theoretical investigation of lithium diffusion through silicon (001) surface within density functional theory formalism. It was shown that it is more energetically favorable for dilute lithium atoms to stay atop fully-relaxed silicon (001) surface than beneath it. This fact hampers the diffusion into the silicon crystal and the situation doesn't change significantly with increase in temperature. The frequencies of lithium atom hopping from the surface to the subsurface layers of silicon crystal were estimated. The analysis of frequencies for different transition paths indicates that in the case of dilute concentration Li atoms are likely to migrate through the surface from one type of sites (site L-located in channels between silicon dimers). With increasing of lithium concentration up to 1 monolayer and further, the silicon (001) surface swaps the asymmetric dimers reconstruction model for symmetric, leading to doubling of number of the sites in between silicon dimers. After the concentration reaches 2 monolayers, the binding energy of Li atoms on the surface becomes less than binding energy beneath the surface, so the diffusion turns to be thermodynamically allowed. As a result of the investigation, the ab-initio modeling puts light on the cause of experimentally observed decelerated lithium diffusion through silicon (001) surface and delivers an opportunity to determine possible techniques for surface modification, which will increase lithium atom binding energies in sites beneath silicon surface at low lithium concentrations.

The Combined Casting and Rolled-Pressing Process (CC&RP) is used for electrotechnical-purposed aluminum rod production, which serves as half-stuff for manufacturing of different-sized aluminum wire, rivets, electrical and welding wire for electrical and radioelectronic industries. Depending on its properties, aluminum rod is widely used in the various industries, including space engineering. CC&RP method is a promising way of metal treatment, which is not yet widely implemented due to insufficiency of the automation algorithms. Automated control should provide specified values of metal consumption, temperature at the rolling mill, temperature mode of pressing node, rod temperature at the matrix end, intake device rotational speed in respect to metal consumption. For this purpose, mathematical model development, as well as its programming realization and visualization are needed. This paper provides statement of modeling task and simplified mathematical model of CC&RP method using the machine for aluminum lengthy products manufacturing. For each node of the machine ODEs is considered, that describes changes of process variables depending of time or coordinates. Initial conditions for each node input are determined from technological constants or previous node outputs. Further, the CC&RP mathematical model is realized with WinCC 7.0 and Step 7 applications using FBD and SCL languages. The process mimic panel is developed and connected with the model. The description of the program structure in Step 7 and the version of machine stationary mode calculation are provided.

A new method for the production of nanomaterials in the plasma of a low-pressure arc discharge is developed and experimentally studied. This method can be used to synthesize nanoparticles 5-10 nm in size with a narrow size distribution. In this method, a low-pressure arc discharge is used to melt a material, to disperse the molten material, to deliver liquid material droplets to the plasma, to cool the liquid nanoparticles forming in the plasma up to their solidification, and to deposit the solidified nanoparticles onto a substrate.

The space potential development of Russia is one of the priorities of the state policy. The space activity results should give more practical impact, to serve innovative development of Russia, the solution of a wide range of applied problems in industry, in the medical field, telecommunications, transport, strengthening security of the Russian Federation and its competitiveness in the world. A big role in solving the problems is to implement opportunities and logistics potential of enterprises in the rocket-space industry. It is worth noting that, the logistics potential of economic systems has begun to be considered and analyzed separately recently, so at present time the formation of conceptual and methodological apparatus which describing this category is transpired. The article proposed the author's definition of logistics potential. The choice of the indicator methods for estimating the logistic potential of enterprise is justified. The assessment is based on a system of indicators, characterizing the three main groups of parameters: logistics system, logistics infrastructure and the effect investment in logistics, which most fully characterize logistics processes and operations, the effectiveness of existing logistics infrastructure and assets, as well as the effect of investment the financial resources in optimization of logistics system in the company. The article proposes a methodology of assessment on the basis of a system of indicators, characterizing the logistic potential of enterprises rocket-space industry. Using this methodology will help enterprises of rocket-space industry to organize logistics and assess the effectiveness of their functioning. The indicators analysis allows to see the weak areas of logistics enterprises and to take into account in developing strategies for further development of this company. The main disadvantage of indicator method in logistic potential evaluation of enterprises rocket-space industry is the values a weight coefficients subjectivity in view of the expert assessments use. It is possible to reduce the share of subjectivity by attracting more highly qualified specialists as experts.

Formation of a new economic space and increasing globalization provides new challenges and prospects for organizations, which are based on innovation. In the innovative economy competitiveness of enterprises is greatly influenced by the development of scientific knowledge and new technologies, both in production and in the field of management. Thus, a problem of work with innovation, creation and development of a well-functioning innovative environment and the mechanism of its maintenance arises. The solution of this problem mainly depends on the human factor, in particular, personnel’s innovative potential. Today management should focus on a person and his or her innovative potential as a main source of innovation and factors that contribute to a high level of innovative activity of enterprises. The paper analyzes the features of labour at high-technology enterprises, two categories of employees are distinguished, that is employees involved in direct production and employees involved in innovative activity. On the basis of these, we propose the system of management of personnel’s innovative potential, consisting of the following elements: objectives, tasks, functions, subjects of management, organizational forms, means, methods, techniques, motivation, assessment, development. The obtained results of the study are aimed at solving the strategic and tactical problems in the implementation of the strategy of innovative development of a high-technology enterprise with the help of the formation of an effective system of management of personnel’s innovative potential at an enterprise.

In modern conditions the rocket and space industry (RCP) is a basic element of domestic space potential, competitive on the world market of space technology and different high-tech production processes and created products, has a high innovative potential, effective implementation which is able to influence the development of Russian economy. Innovative activity of the enterprises of rocket and space industry is associated with high costs for the development of new rocket and space technology projects, financed mainly from budget sources of venture funds and special funds. In the process of innovation due to the uncertainty of conditions for the development of situations of risk, due to the presence of a number of factors associated with the instability of the economic market conditions, geopolitical situation in the world community and influencing the activity of the enterprises of rocket and space industry are appeared. The result of the developed projects of innovative activity depends on the level of risk and uncertainty and it is therefore necessary to evaluate and manage them. The study identified the factors and causes of risks of innovation activity of enterprises, as well as their main functions and characteristics. In this paper, we propose a classification of risks the positions of the positive and negative impact on the innovative activity of the enterprises of rocket and space industry.