Vol 5, No 2 (2023)

The effective measure for addressing the state demographic policy and public health tasks in preserving the health of mothers and newborns could be the enhancement of medical care delivery and the advancement of pharmaceutical activities in maternity hospitals. Throughout our study, we conducted a review of the available current and historical regulatory acts and documents regarding the organization of pharmaceutical activities in Russian maternity hospitals during the period 2013–The subject of our investigation focused on therapeutic and preventive medical facilities by type of medical activity, including maternity hospitals. During the research, we presented and analyzed data on the medical activities of maternity hospitals, which inevitably determine the optimal range of finished and manufactured medicinal products under specific conditions, taking into account the age and health status of patients (mothers and children), which, in our view, should lead to the continuous improvement of pharmaceutical activities. We have concluded that solely based on calculated data and the current approach applied to enhancing efficient and adequate pharmaceutical activities, the present measures are insufficient. We propose for our readers to consider the presented topic and the findings of our research from different perspectives and encourage your participation in the discussion.

In the first part of our clinical-population study, we present the results of assessing the effectiveness of anti-cancer measures conducted in Russia among children and adolescents. In this study, we focus on the prevalence and structure of oncological diseases, the quality of accounting, and the survival of primary patients in the “young adults” age group. To address the set tasks, we selected two groups for research: the entire Russia for calculating the incidence, mortality, and quality of accounting for patients, as well as the entire Northwest Federal District for calculating the survival of cancer patients. According to the WHO classification, young population is considered to be the age group from 18 to 44 years, i.e. after the adolescent period and up to 45 years. The main goal of our study is to investigate the specifics of the localization structure of oncological diseases for different age groups of the population, and the main reports present data for five-year age groups. In the future, we will analyze the features of the localization structure of oncopathology by five-year age intervals, starting from the age group of 20–24 years. This is of particular importance, as our previous study of the adolescent group (15–19 years old) did not reveal significant differences in the structure and survival of patients aged 15–17 years.

In conditions of maximum seasonal and daily activity of hematophagous dipteran insects in the Ararat Region of the Republic of Armenia, the repellent effectiveness of the veterinary products Bars® was studied. The experiments involved 26 clinically healthy dogs aged 1 to 10 years, of both sexes. As a result of the conducted clinical research on the repellent effectiveness of the veterinary products Bars® insect-acaricidal spray and Bars® insect-acaricidal drops, applied individually to dogs once as a preventive measure against bites of dipteran insects, according to the provided dosages, application rules, and techniques, the products demonstrated high efficiency of the repellent effect in the conditions of Ararat region farms for a period of 5 days. No adverse effects from the use of the Bars® insect-acaricidal spray and Bars® insect-acari.

The study examines the search for alternative solutions to replace feed antibiotics for poultry farming. During the study of the probiotic strain Enterococcus faecium 1-35, its antimicrobial properties against some pathogenic microorganisms were established. Using a bioinformatics approach, genes for non-ribosomal peptide synthetases were discovered in the genome of Enterococcus faecium 1-35. A synthesis product of which is believed to have biological activity. Enterococcus faecium strain 1-35, capable of synthesizing active peptide products, can be regarded as an alternative solution when replacing feed antibiotics. The results obtained require additional studies of practical application to confirm the expected effect.

The study considers a way to reduce the content of glyphosate in the gastrointestinal tract of birds using specially selected strains of bacteria as a probiotic. The widespread use of glyphosate, especially in connection with the introduction of GMO-resistant crops on the market, leads to its widespread accumulation in plant feeds, as well as in food consumed by humans. The public is becoming increasingly concerned about the safety of glyphosate, especially in the context of its chronic effects on humans through food — and their alarm is confirmed by the results of a toxicological assessment. The paper analyzes the content of glyphosate in poultry feed samples and suggests a way to reduce the effect of glyphosate on the poultry body by using industrial probiotics. Special strains of probiotics with the property of biotransformation have been studied.

The essay is dedicated to Leonid Arkadyevich Loshakov, Professor, Doctor of Pharmaceutical Sciences, graduate of the Leningrad Chemical and Pharmaceutical Institute. The total work experience in the pharmaceutical industry is more than 30 years. L.A. Loshakov has worked his way up from an assistant of the department to the head of individual departments, accumulating extensive experience and knowledge. This path includes periods of work as a vice-rector of the Saint Petersburg State Chemical and Pharmaceutical Academy, Head of the Department of Organization of Economics and Pharmacy, Deputy Director General for Scientific Work at the Federal State Budgetary Institution “NCESNP”, as well as adviser to the head of Roszdravnadzor and head of the Educational Center of the Federal State Budgetary Institution “GILS and NP”. His contribution to the development of domestic pharmaceutical science and practice continues to be significant, influencing the development of the professional community. L.A. Loshakov’s research activities are related to the regulation of pharmaceutical activities, which makes him an important participant in this field. In our short essay, we used the materials of the department, available sources of Internet resources, bibliographic and abstract databases.