Vol 13, No 1 (2015)
- Year: 2015
- Published: 15.03.2015
- Articles: 8
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/RCF/issue/view/60
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.17816/RCF131
Articles
Mechanisms of acute exogenous hypoxia formation and possibilities of its pharmacological correction by antihypoxants
Abstract
The common mechanisms of acute exogenous hypoxia formation and ways of organism adaptation to this condition are considered in the review. The characteristics of brain bioelectrical activities and its energy metabolism during acute exogenous hypoxia are described in detail. Special attention has been devoted to the problem of acute hypoxia pharmacological correction by antihypoxants with emphasis on possibility to use metal-complex compounds including variable valence metals and nature biologically active substances as hypoxprotectors. The original data confirm high efficacy of zinc-contained metal-complex antihypoxants in acute hypoxia formation. The prospects of selenium-containing metal-complexes with zinc (II) as a center of complex molecule are noted.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):3-24
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Functional role of dimer (heteromer) receptors in the CNS of mammalians
Abstract
A review of modern look at functional role of dimer (heteromer) receptors in the CNS of mammalians is presented in the article. According to original papers and publications analysis concerning dimer (heteromer) structure of G-coupled receptors in the CNS of mammalians was shown that functional role of dimer (heteromer) receptors formation is dual-code of information coding.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):25-31
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Cholinergic modulation and neurochemical aspects of rat behavior after action of infraslow acoustic waves
Abstract
The purpose of the paper was to study the role of cholinergic neurotransmitter system in neurochemical mechanisms of behavioral disorders in rats exposed to infraslow acoustic action (ISAA). The first group of rats was treated with a single exposure of ISAA 150 dBell. The second group (A) was treated with atropine 1 h before testing. The thrird group (ISAA + A) was pretreated with atropine 10 mg/kg 1 h prior to ISAA. The central functions were assessed in open field with preliminary typing of rats and by means of HPLC biochemical measure of dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin and their turnover in hypothalamus and hippocampus. ISAA decreased locomotor, explorative and investigative behavior in open field, passive forms of behavior being increased. Atropine reduced emotional signs of behavior and recovered locomotor activity in rats. In 24 h after ISAA the investigative, explorative and locomotor activity of rats was recovered up to background level. ISAA decreased norepinephrine level, did not change serotonin concentration and increased dopamine level in hypothalamus. Pretreatment of atropine recovered dopamine level in hypothalamus but not in hippocampus. The mechanisms of cholinergic effects on monoamine turnover in the brain and emotional behavior are discussed.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):32-40
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Influence of antihypoxants on the development of acute phormalin-induced edema
Abstract
In the experiment in a model of acute formalin-induced inflammation of rat paw, the changes of size of the affected limbs (paw edema) and parameters of leukogram were registered. The anti-inflammatory effect of antihypoxants (amtizol, hesperidin, hypoxen, metaprot) was investigated. It has been shown that hypoxen 50 mg/kg have weak anti-inflammatory activity, but potentiate the effect of nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs. At simultaneous enteral administration of hypoxen with acetylsalicylic acid or diclofenac, evident anti-inflammatory effect was marked, that was manifested by significant reduction in registered inflammation symptoms.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):41-44
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The study of intestinal deсametoxin absorption in rats and its influence on blood cholinesterase activity in rabbits
Abstract
The possibility of (0.02 % solution) absorbtion was evaluated under the conditions of small intestine perfusion in situ in the experiments with albino rats. Decametoxin content was determined in the perfusate by kinetic enzymatic method using the reaction of exogenous cholinesterase inhibition. Decametoxin influence on the activity of endogenous cholinesterase of the rabbit blood plasma was also studied after the single oral administration of the drug at a dose of 6 ml/kg that corresponds to the dose of 1.2 mg/kg. It has been shown that decametoxin is almost not absorbed in rat intestine and does not influence on cholinesterase activity of the rabbit blood that substantiate the possibility of its usage in gastrointestinal infections.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):45-51
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Influence of the new tiazoloindole derivative on organism resistance to hypoxia in the early and late periodsof preconditioning
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to study an ability of tiazoloindole derivative encoded VM-606 to influence the lifespan of mice in experimental acute hypoxia with hypercapnia and hypobaric hypoxia in early and late phase of preconditioning. It was found that the use of VM-606 in dose of 50 mg/kg leads to significant increase in the duration of animal life in case of subsequent acute hypoxia in early phase of preconditioning, but doesn’t produce effect in the late phase of preconditioning.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):52-55
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Neurochemical mechanisms of the cerebroprotective action of spiro[indole-3,1'-pyrrol [3,4-с] pyrrol] derivative
Abstract
The mechanisms of the neuroprotective effect of 3,2’-spiro-pyrrolo-2-оxindole derivative (code number R-86) were investigated in hippocampal sections of rats by measuring the amplitude of postsynaptic potentials in pyramidal neurons. In vitro R-86 reduced the responces to NMDA-receptors activation as well as hydrogen peroxide-induced injury, being not active in anoxia and neuroglycopenia. When systemically administered, R-86 exerted weak effect in anoxia and neuroglycopenia and decreased steroid-induced neurotoxicity.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):56-61
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Influence of V2 vasopressin receptor agonist, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, DAVP, on a sensitivity disorders in stroke patients
Abstract
Somatosensory disorders often developed after a stroke. It is known that they affect the outcome of the disease negatively. We analyzed the effects of vasopressin in correction of sensitivity disorders in stroke patients. Treatment received 15 patients with strokes from 41 to 67 years old in most cases with remote consequences of stroke. 13 patients had survived ischemic stroke, 2 patients - hemorrhagic stroke. V2 vasopressin receptor agonist, 1-dezamino-8-D-arginine-vasopressin, DDAVP, were injected intranasal for 2 weeks. DDAVP was effective in 73 % of cases. The therapeutic effect of neuropeptide manifested in decreasing symptoms of pain disorders, temperature and tactile sensitivity. The total intensity of surface and deep sensitivity disorders decreased. Aggregate severity of all types of disorders of sensitivity was significantly decreased after treatment. Thus, DDAVP may be used as monotherapy in patients with strokes and with central sensitivity disorders.
Reviews on Clinical Pharmacology and Drug Therapy. 2015;13(1):62-68
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