Vol 53, No 2 (2004)

In present review different methods of hysterectomy. The technique of laparoscopic hysterectomy resulted in decreasing of complications and extended the number of indications.

Summarizing everything mentioned above we can draw the conclusion that laparoscopic hysterectomy has the following advantages: minimal traumatization, cosmetic effect, shot postoperative and rehabilitation period, absence of complications in the late postoperative period, decrease of the risk of intraoperative complications. The experience accumulated proves the LH technique to be reasonable and efficient.

The aim of our study was to investigate progestagenic and contraceptive activity of new synthetic compounds — analogues of 17α-hidroxyprogesterone in experiments.

It was showed, that new original steroid compounds has pronounced gestagenic effect and more active than such gestagens as utrogestan, duphaston, norgestrel and oth. According to the data the test substances in combination with estrogen induce high contraceptive activity.

The study of the pathogenetic aspects of disorders in the formation of the functions of the central nervous system and other vital functional systems of the child's body under unfavorable conditions of its intrauterine development has always been a priority direction of scientific research by the employees of the Department of Physiology and Pathology of Newborns of the N.I. BEFORE. Otta RAMS.

The study of the influence of relaxin and insulin on the activity of adenylate clase (AC) in the myometrium of pregnant women showed that human relaxin 2 (10-9-10-8 M) causes a stronger stimulating effect on the enzyme activity than insulin. The activating effect of relaxin and insulin was potentiated by a non-hydrolyzable GTP analogue, guanylylimidodiphosphate (GIDP), in the myometrium of pregnant women, which indicates the participation of the stimulating GTP-binding protein (Gs-protein) in the realization of the effect of peptides. In the myometrium of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus under the action of relaxin, insulin and isoproterenol, a decrease in the sensitivity of AC activity to these hormones was found in comparison with these indicators in the myometrium of pregnant women. With the combined effect of peptides and GIDP in the myometrium of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus, a weakening of the potentiation of the GIDP effect of hormones on AC activity was observed, which may indicate a decrease in the coupling between receptors, Gs protein, and AC. The studies carried out allow us to conclude that in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes mellitus, the decrease in AC stimulation under the influence of these hormones is associated with a weakening of the Gs-protein function.

The work presented gives the analysis of the introduction of the remote consulting centre model in the field of obstetrics and gynecology. The 7-years retrospective efficiency analysis of the consulting care model in the territory of the Komi republic was carried out.

Conclusion: the remote consulting care is responsible for the reduction of the basic parameters of maternal, perinatal and infant (neonatal) mortality.

In connection with the success of medicine, life expectancy is increasing, which is especially reflected in the life expectancy of the female population. In Russia, the life expectancy of women has increased from 49.6 years in 1939 to 72.2 years in 1999 [6]. A decrease in fertility and an increase in the life expectancy of women leads to the fact that the proportion of older women in the population is increasing every year. So, today, 10% of the entire population are women of menopausal age, while about 25 million people are added to their number every year. According to experts from the World Health Organization (WHO), by 2030 there will be more than 1 billion women over 50 years old.

Professor Aleksey Semenovich Slepykh (1924-1984) is one of the largest obstetricians of the 20th century. An outstanding scientist and teacher, a talented surgeon, he headed the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of the Leningrad Sanitary and Hygienic Institute, later the St. Petersburg State Medical Academy from 1968 to 1984.

On March 1, 2004, the medical community celebrated the anniversary of Professor, Doctor of Medical Sciences, an outstanding scientist-perinatologist Natalya Nikolaevna Konstantinova, professor, surgeon, gynecologist.

As the nature of any intrinsic biologic aging process or even of its existence independent of disease is unknown, it is impossible to state whether or not the placenta gets old. There are two main conceptions to describe the morphological and physiological changes of placenta at term. It is widely believed that during the relatively short duration of normal pregnancy the placenta progressively ages and is, at term, on the verge of decline into morphological and physiological senescence. Several placental functions decrease near term, but it is impossible to attribute these to aging. In fact, some of them may represent adaptive additional maturation or pathological processes. The genetic differentiation/invasion/maturation programs of placental cells could be modulated by their environment: oxygen, extracellular matrix, and soluble factors (cytokines, growth factors, and hormones).

This article consists of information about diagnostic approaches of fibrocystic breast disease including morphological dates. There are indications, adventures and disadventures of mammography and ultrasound investigation also.

From the modern standpoint of biomedical ethics and high professionalism, gynecologists should take into account in their clinical practice a wide variety of opinions among representatives of various confessions on the issue of contraception and the implementation of a personal and holistic act of conjugal love.