Vol 25, No 2 (2017)

TYPOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE FRONTAL BONE SUPRAORBITAL MARGIN

Abstract

The article presents data about the anatomical variability of the supraorbital edge of the frontal bone, obtained by skull craniometry of people using lepten facial index values. The evaluation of a number of indicators developed by the size of the orbit and the classification reflects the degree of curvature of the arc of the supraorbital region, based on the author's introduction curvature coefficient (CC). Three groups of skulls on the value of CC supraor-bital edge of the frontal bone: less than 30 – a small curved arc; 30-45 – with average and more than 45 – with a large arc curved. Significant correlation of moderate intensity was found between the values of CC and the facial index.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):178-183
pages 178-183 views

LATERALIZATION OF THE BIOELECTRIC BRAIN ACTIVITY AS A PREDICTOR OF MOTIVATIONAL AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES

Abstract

The conducted research was devoted to the study of influence of the laterality pattern of the bioelectric brain activity on the formation of foreign language acquisition abilities based on the actualization of motivational and cognitive processes. Medical students (n=620) studying at the Foreign Language Department took part in the research. Investigation of the bioelectric brain activity was carried out by EEG with the use of a 16-channel «Neiron Spectr 3» (Russia) electroencephalograph. Aspiration level (motives) was revealed by V.K. Gerbachevskij Inventory (1969). Elers test was used to determine achievement and avoid-ance motivation. The level of state and trait anxiety was assessed by C. Spielberger-Ju. Hanin Inventory. Correlation between the motive choice and peculiarities of the bioelectric brain activity was determined. Being a success marker of foreign language acquisition abilities, the academic achievement is likely to be a reflection of the learning efficiency dependence on the laterality pattern of the bioelectric brain activity, motivational behavior. As a rule, students with achievement motivation predominance (well advanced students) relied on their own ab-ilities, aimed at self-actualization and tried to solve problems requiring effort. The predo-minance of motive of avoidance in the motivational structure of the personality in poorly ad-vanced students of the right profile had a negative influence on the course of cognitive processes, manifested in low efficiency of formation of foreign-verbal abilities.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):184-192
pages 184-192 views

EXPERIMENTAL PHARMACOKINETIC STUDY OF ZINC WHEN ZINC HYDROXIDE NANOFORM IS ADMINISTERED ENTERALY AND INTRAVASCULARY

Abstract

In vivo experiments on rabbits studied pharmacokinetic properties of Zn2+ under administration of zinc hydroxide nanoparticles (2-3 nm) that were obtained by sol-gel me-thod. Soluble zinc sulfate was selected as a comparison compound. Measurement of plasma Zn2+ levels was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry with preliminary sample preparation method by wet ashing. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated after sin-gle enteral administration (doses – 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg) and single intravenous injection (doses – 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg). Absolute bioavailability for nanoparticles was found to have high values – 33,01±3,55%, 45,15±3,68% and 43,18±2,71% for 10, 50 and 100 mg/kg enteral administration respectively.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):193-201
pages 193-201 views

IXODES TICK-BORNE BORRELIOSES: MODERN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SITUATION IN THE CENTER OF THE EUROPEAN PART OF RUSSIA

Abstract

Ixodes tick-borne borrelioses occupy one of the leading places in terms of morbidity and socio-economic damage among the natural foci of zoonotic infections in our country. Expansion of the range distribution of pathogens Lyme disease along with the widespread increase in the size of the main vectors of infection (ticks) determines the relevance of the study of the epidemiological characteristics of Lyme disease in areas that until recently were considered safe from the disease. This study was conducted to identify the level, dynamics and disease distribution patterns of Ixodes tick-born borreliosis in areas of Сentral European part of Russia, located in different climatic zones. Based on statistical data and reports from the Russian Federal Service for Oversight of Consumer Protection and Welfare- Rospotrebnadzor and Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in Moscow, Ryazan and Tula regions for the 1992-2015 years, it has been shown that the incidence of Lyme disease increases moving from south to north as well as from the forest-steppe natural-climatic zone to the southern Taiga zone. The most epidemiologically disadvantaged region by Ixodes tick-born borreliosis amongst the studied regions was Moscow region, where the average annual incidence rate was 2,6 per 100 000 population. In all three areas, despite the differences in the species’ composition of mites and their degree of infection, there is an annual increase in morbidity due to Lyme borreliosis. The findings confirm the need for preventive measures against Ixodes tick-born borreliosis, the most significant being territorial coverage with acaricidal treatments.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):202-208
pages 202-208 views

THE COMMITMENTS RELATED TO THE PROVISION OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE IN ALGERIA: THE POSITION ON THE EVE OF THE 40-YEAR DEVELOPMENT

Abstract

This article analyses the problem of primary health care (PHC) development in a historical context of the eve of 40 years' development. The carried-out analysis allowed differentiating health care and economic challenges of countries, including Russia and Algeria. The challenges proceeding from geographical and cultural features, level of economic development and a lack of resources including energy, unsatisfactory development of network of health care, balance of branches and types of medical care are of paramount importance. The conclusion drawn is that these challenges maintained significantly high intensity throughout the forty-year period in all countries with insignificant distinctions, including the Algerian republic.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):209-213
pages 209-213 views

HISTORY OF PHLEBOLOGY (Part I)

Abstract

The article is devoted to the history of the development of pathology of the venous system. It presents the most important ancient discoveries, which allow to understand the degree of development of science, the study of venous pathology at different stages of history in various ancient civilizations. It also provides a number of historical facts, including the history of development of surgery and medicine in general, in various civilizations of the ancient world, which were obtained in the study of ancient, ancient medical treatises and museum exhibits. Given is the illustration that in each ancient civilization ways of dealing with varicose veins were completely unique and different from methods used by people of other civilizations. Of course, with time, some views were rendered incorrect. In particular, for a long time the treatment of patients with venous pathology was limited to medical assistance for varicose and treatment of venous ulcers. However, the development of medicine has gradually extended the range of surgical interventions.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):214-222
pages 214-222 views

PROGNOSIS OF SYMPTOMATIC EPILEPSY DEVELOPMENT IN PATIENTS WITH BRAIN TUMORS THROUGH ANALYSIS OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND BINARY LOGISTIC REGRESSION

Abstract

Aim: this study was aimed at identifying prognostic potential of electroencephalo- graphic and cardiointervalometric neurophysiological parameters using logistic regression modeling in patients with brain tumors manifesting with symptomatic epilepsy.

Methods: the primary group of participants in the study consisted of 88 patients, aged 22 to 83 years admitted at Ryazan State regional hospital neurosurgical department with brain tumor as the admitting diagnosis. The control group consisted of 20 relatively healthy individuals of equal gender distribution. The primary group was further subdivided into groups of patients with brain tumor associated epilepsy and brain tumors with no epileptic seizures. Five minute electrocardiogram as well as electroencephalograms were recorded in 3 functional probes (baseline, hyperventilation and post-hyperventilation) on admission followed by statistical correlational analysis and logistic regression.

Results: based on significantly strong correlations the selected electroencephalogram predictor factors included Average power of the delta wave diapazon in F3-A1 and O2-A2 during hyperventilation probe as well as Mode (Mo) and very low frequency component of total power (%VLF) cardiointer- val parameters during post-hyperventilation probe. Selected predictors used in the logistic regression model were able to predict possible prognosis in patients with brain tumor induced epilepsy with 73% sensitivity and 96% specificity.

Conclusion: logistic regression analysis of pre-defined neurophysiological predictor factors is perspective in neurooncological patients including patients with brain tumor induced epilepsy in terms of its clinical prognostic value and structuring of complex and effective treatment schemes.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):223-236
pages 223-236 views

ALCOHOL RELATED PROBLEMS IN RUSSIA AND BELARUS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TRENDS

Abstract

Goal: in present article comparative analysis of trends in alcohol-related problems rates (violent mortality, fatal alcohol poisonings, alcoholic psychoses), alcohol sales per capita, socioeconomic parameters in Russia and Belarus in soviet (1970-1991) and post-soviet (1992-2015) periods were analyzed.

Materials and methods. As indicators of alcohol problems were used the mortality rate from external causes, the mortality rate from acute alcohol poisoning and the incidence of alcoholic psychoses. As an integral indicator characterizing the health status of the population was used the indicator of life expectancy at birth.

Results: the results of correlation analysis suggest that alcohol sales is a statistically significant associated with alcohol-related problems rates in both countries during the Soviet period. However, there was no relationship between this variables during the post-Soviet period. The outcomes of this study indicate that psychosocial distress and macroeconomy were important determinants of fluctuations in alcohol-related problems rates in both countries. In the context of alcohol policy this mean that decrease in economic and physical availability of alcohol should be considered as a main priority.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):237-246
pages 237-246 views

MIGRATION OF THE INTRAUTERINE DEVICE TO THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY

Abstract

The aim: demonstration of our experience of surgical treatment of patients with migrated intrauterine device (IUD) into the abdominal cavity.

The results of surgical treatment of migrated IUDs in the pelvic cavity are summarized in 17 women. The average age of the patients was 33,2±3,4 years. The timing of implantation of the IUDs varied from 10 days to 24 months. In all cases, the intra operational finding was T-shaped a copper device.

The reason behind the women's consultation was an increase in pain syndrome in the lesser pelvis (n=15), dysuric phenomenon (n=1) and the onset of pregnancy (n=1). Perforation of the uterus and migration of the spiral occurred from 10 days to 2 years after its implantation. All patients were operated laparoscopicaly.

The average duration of operations was 45,5±10,5 minutes. In the postoperative period there were no complications from the pelvic organs and postoperative wounds. The period of hospitalization of patients was 3,5±0,7 days. In all cases there was a regression of clinical signs and recovery. In one pregnant patient (gestation period 5-6 weeks) the pregnancy proceeded without particular pathological abnormalities and resulted in the birth of a full-term child.

Laparoscopic removal of the IUD migrating from the uterine cavity to the abdominal cavity is the method of choice in the treatment of this group of patients, avoiding development of intra- and postoperative complications and a shorter length of stay in the hospital. The effectiveness of the procedure reaches 100%. The most common cause of complication of the IUD is the perforation of the uterus during its implantation.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):247-262
pages 247-262 views

THE RESULTS OF TREATMENT OF BONE CYSTS AND BONE TUMORS IN CHILDREN

Abstract

This article presents the results of observation (maximum period 5 years) of 249 children with bone cysts and bone tumors, of these, 20,1% of children were diagnosed with aneurysmal cysts, 74,3% - of benign tumors and 5,6% - of malignant tumors. It was shown that a differentiated approach in the treatment of children with bone cysts and benign bone tumors, including conservative events and radical surgical tactics with the use of bioimpendance «Tutoplast R» and allografts, allows to obtain good and satisfactory results in 64,0% of the cases. However, the results of treatment of children with osteosarcoma at the present time remain unsatisfactory: the 5-year relapse-free survival was only 6 of 14 cases, recurrence of the disease in 5 cases, fatal in 8 cases. According to the authors, to im prove the results of treatment in this group of patients, it is necessary to improve cancer alertness of general practitioners and the use of combined modern treatment programs at specialized medical institutions in all these patients.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):263-269
pages 263-269 views

CARRIAGE OF THYROID ANTIBODIES AS A RISK FACTOR IN THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESSION OF ENDOCRINE OPHTHALMOPATHY

Abstract

The influence of the carrier of thyroid autoantibodies (to thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor, to thyroglobulin, to thyroid peroxidase) on the clinical course of endocrine ophthalmopathy (EOP), developed on the background of diffuse toxic goiter (139 patients). We studied the role of carrier of monoantibodies and their combinations. It has been proven a direct link between the presence of the analyzed thyroid autoantibodies and the clinical course of EOP. It is shown that the presence of antibodies to thyroid peroxidase and anti-thyroglobulin antibodies is not a lesser important risk factor for the development of EOP in patients with diffuse toxic goiter than the presence of antibodies to the receptor for thyroid-stimulating hormone, and the multiple carriers is associated with more frequent development of active forms of EOP and higher amplitude of inflammation of the orbit. Thus, serological indices and spectrum of thyroid antibodies revealed the depth of systemic disorders of autoimmunity, associated with an increased risk of the development of local autoimmune inflammation in the orbit and can serve as prognostic risk markers of development of highly active and severe forms of EOP.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):270-278
pages 270-278 views

ON THE QUESTION ORTHODONTIC MEDICAL RECORDS COMPLETION WHEN DENTOALVEOLAR ANOMALIES AND DEFORMATIONS DIAGNOSING

Abstract

Correct registration of primary medical documentation is very important for storage of diagnostic information, the treatment plan, information about the carrying out of medical manipulations for the elimination of dentofacial anomalies, for examination of quality of medical care in conflict situations. Medical card of the orthodontic patient (form 043- 1/у), approved by order of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation «On approval of unified forms of medical records used in medical organizations providing medical care in outpatient conditions and procedures for their filling» from 15.12.2014, №834 is the main document of the orthodontist. At the moment, two years after the release of the order, you need to find out whether approved new medical report form in hospitals with orthodontic care, to determine the property of filling as the main instrument used for examination of quality of medical care provided. The article presents the results of the retrospective analysis of medical cards of the patients receiving orthodontic treatment in the dental clinic at Ryazan State Medical University. Found that detailed and properly designed, only 16,0% of medical cards. Orthodontists don't pay enough attention to the medical history, examination of patients, the conduct of clinical trials and the use of special additional methods of examination of patients, such as cephalometry and functional diagnostics.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):279-288
pages 279-288 views

SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF IZONIAZID AND ITS DERIVATIVES BY REACTION OF FORMATION THE POLYMETHINE DYE WITH 4-OXOURACIL

Abstract

The process of tuberculosis treatment requires monitoring of the concentration of antituberculosis drugs in the blood, as well as their distribution and elimination from the body to prevent overdose of antituberculosis drugs. Individualizing the dose of drugs possibly including individual activity of the enzyme N-acetyltransferase, may be determined indirectly by biotransformation product of antituberculosis drugs.

Currently existing methods for detecting the content of the test drug acetylation of isoniazid - mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography have several major limitations such as the high cost, complexity of tests methods in experimentation.

This article demonstrates the results of development of unified methods of quantitative determination of antituberculosis drug isoniazid and its conjugate - acetylizoniazid. The basis of spectrophotometric method is the cleavage reaction of isoniazid pyridine ring to form glutaconic aldehyde and its subsequent combination with the 4-oxouracil with the formation of a polymethine dye.

The developed method allows to carry out quantitative determination of isoniazid in the pharmaceuticals forms as well as isoniazid and its derivatives in body fluids (urine), which indirectly makes it possible to evaluate the activity of N-acetyltransferase during pharmacokinetic studies.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):289-295
pages 289-295 views

TECHNOLOGICAL AND ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE WATER EXTRACTS FROM THE LEAVES OF LINGONBERRY

Abstract

In urological practice there is a sufficient demand for herbal medicinal preparations, of which the most widely used drugs are derived from arbutin-containing herbs. These medicines have diuretic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity.

Currently, in connection with the decrease in number of production departments and pharmacies, water extraction can be made by the consumer at home from powdered medicinal herbs in filter bags and from packaged shredded medicinal plant raw materials in batches according to the instructions on the package.

The object of the study was the aqueous extract obtained from the leaves of lingonberry.

The article presents the study of manufacturing technology of water extracts from lingonberry leaves with the establishment of quality indicators in them. Investigated water extract obtained from raw materials packaged in bundles according to the instructions on the package, filter packages according to the instructions on the packaging of packaged raw materials in batches according to the method of State Pharmacopea XIII. The following were analyzed in the obtained water extracts: description, authenticity, dry residue, pH, content of phenolglucoside - arbutin. The research results were processed statistically.

All of the studied aqueous extracts were transparent dark brown liquid that had a bitter, astringent taste characteristic of leaves of lingonberry. Dry residue in an aqueous extract, depending on the composition and technology was 0,65, 0,8% and of 1,93%. The content of arbutin was 0,43, 0,39 and 0,99%, pH of water extracts made from the crushed leaves of lingonberry, had close values of 5,03, 4,95 and, while in the extracts from powdered of lingonberry leaves in filter bags had pH value of 5,35, which may be attributed to the influence of the material of the filter bag. For the first time technologo-analytical study of the water extracts obtained at different technologies, established indicators of quality.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):296-302
pages 296-302 views

HEALTH STATE OF MEDICAL STUDENTS AND ITS DETERMINANTS

Abstract

The preservation and promotion of health in youth is one of the most urgent and important health and social problems at the present stage. In the Russian Federation, sanitary supervision of institutions of higher professional education is carried out both for public facilities and for universities, where there are no specially developed sanitary rules and regulations. From the positions of modern preventive medicine, it is impossible to carry out reasonable health-improving measures in educational institutions of a medical profile without hygienic assessment of microclimate conditions, chemical composition of indoor air, levels of illumination, noise and electromagnetic fields. The article is devoted to the assessment of the health state of medical students in the conditions of various social and hygienic, ecological and biological factors. The hygienic characteristic of the levels of illumination and microclimate of the classrooms is given. The protection of students' health from the negative impact of electromagnetic fields from computers is also an important medical, technical and social task. Significant emphasis in the article is given to a problem of spreading bad habits, including smoking and drinking alcohol. Hygienic features of education in medical schools and prevention issues were also presented. There is a need to promote knowledge of hygiene and healthy lifestyle among students in the form of lectures, conversations and visual propaganda. Students in the form of lectures and conversations, visual propaganda.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):303-315
pages 303-315 views

CURRENT ISSUES OF ETIOPATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL PICTURE, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS (LITERATURE REVIEW AND OWN DATA)

Abstract

The article provides a literature review on contemporary aspects of etiopathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). MS is one of the most socially significant problems of modern neurology. MS has been proven to be a multifactorial disease, which develops as a result of both internal and external factors. In the early stages of this disease there is damage to the axons, therefore MS is not only considered an autoimmune demyelinating disease, but also neurodegenerative. The disease is characterized by a variety of clinical manifestations. The variety of neurological symptoms is due to a multiplicity of foci of demyelination and their localization in brain and spinal cord. Neuroimaging methods play an important role in the modern diagnosis of MS. Management of patients with a diagnosis of MS involves compulsory and long-term basic therapy with immunomodulatory drugs that change the course of multiple sclerosis.

I.P. Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald. 2017;25(2):316-327
pages 316-327 views


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