Gastrointestinal complications of cancer treatment in childhood

Gastrointestinal and liver toxicity are ones of the complications of combined modality treatment for malignant tumors in childhood. Issues of gastrointestinal complications after radiation therapy and chemotherapy are considered in article. We describe the clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of diseases and syndromes associated with the effects of the specific treatment. Among infectious complications accented reader's attention to such serious complication such as cryptosporidiosis, cytomegalovirus infection, and viral hepatitis B and C. Described in detail the clinical pattern of cytomegalovirus hepatitis and enterocolitis. The most common effects of abdominal irradiation are post-radiation enteritis and venoocclusive disease, the occurrence of which is associated with concomitant use of cytotoxic drugs and radiation the liver. Often the development of hepatotoxicity is associated with high-dose chemotherapy with allogeneic or autologous stem cell transplantation, as well as prolonged use of methotrexate in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the stage of maintenance therapy. The article describes the phase drug metabolism in the liver and pathogenesis of disorders. This article lists the chemotherapy agents, the use of which in the schemes of chemotherapy can induce the development of hepatocellular toxicity. Recommendations for dispensary observation and examination of patients with identified disorders of the gastrointestinal and hepato-biliary system.

children, gastrointestinal tract, late effects, gastrointestinal complications, hepatotoxicity