Vol VII, No 4 (1899)

A little time has passed since then, as prof. X-rays are of a special kind, and between the dark, during this relatively short period of time, a mass of indications has accumulated in the literature on one or another meaning of X-rays in medicine; and now X-rays began to be used not only in surgery, where they served and serve as an important diagnostic aid, but also in other branches of medicine, where their role is not limited only to diagnostic, but is expanded by a number of X-ray treatments indicated for the therapeutic action of radiation, elephantiasis, and finally pulmonary consumption.

The steppe general-governorship for the most part, namely the Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions, was previously administratively part of Western Siberia, and the Semiruchensk region belonged to Turkestan. Western Siberia was made up of the provinces of Tobolsk and Tomsk. Initially, my aim was to investigate the regions of the former Western Siberia, but later I had to abandon the intended task and confine myself to the regions of the Steppe General Governorship.

The authors, who were interested in the state of blood circulation in the area of ​​paralyzed nerves, turned their attention during laboratory studies to the width of the lumen of the vessels in the area of ​​the nerves being experimented with, to the local velocity of blood flow and, finally, to the height of the local intravascular. In addition, they also judged the state of the local circulation by the temperature of the part of the body, the nerve of which was damaged; on the basis of a changed color of it, an increased volume (using a plethysmograph) and, finally, on the basis of edema in this area.

The effect of carbon monoxide on the nervous system, obvious and in everyday, not particularly severe cases of poisoning with this gas, is illustrated by the extensive literature, growing from year to year, of cases where, after poisoning with carbon monoxide, severe pathological phenomena from the nervous system developed; At the same time, in one number of cases, such phenomena constituted a direct continuation of the poisoning, in other cases they developed after the first aftermath of poisoning passed and proceeded more or less prolonged, so to speak, a light difference, during which the subjects were poisoned, who were not healthy people in all relations. These post-mortem pathological phenomena capture both the intellectual sphere, as well as the motor and sensitive areas, namely, they were observed: ammesia, aphasia, stupor, dementia, further: general agitation, mental illness, similar to primary mental disorders and contractions, weakening of the sensitivity of one or another sense organ.

Information about the physiological dispatch of the lower parietal lobule is comparatively insufficient. From clinical observations, the author cites the case of Nothnagel and Redlich, who observed when this part of the brain was damaged — a disorder of the muscular sense; in addition, in case of defeat g. marginalis were observed: hemianesthesia, deviation of the eyes to the opposite side, convulsions on the opposite side; with defeat g. angularis, the structure of the speech of various forms was noted.

The author conveys in some detail the theory of Flechsig about association centers and the meaning of them in mental life. Then, briefly conveying his observations over the development of man, spirit and tongue, the author finds that the evolution of both occurs in approximately the order in which, according to Flechsig, maturation (overlapping with melin) of physiologically and anatomically distinct regions occurs. in accordance with the fact that sensory centers are the first to develop, the evolution of the human spirit begins with the appearance of the ability to sensual perception; only for 4 ms. complex feelings appear (joy, fear, etc.), requiring the associative activity of the associative centers; consciousness is at this time; consciousness actually appears only in 2-3 years.