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Vol 24, No 7 (2021)
- Year: 2021
- Articles: 8
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/1560-9596/issue/view/5730
Articles
Clinical-laboratory value of biological variation of ferritin level in new coronaviral infection in elderly and senile age
Abstract
Relevance. Ferritin is one of the acute phase proteins used as an additional diagnostic criterion for assessing the infectious-inflammatory process in the body. In the context of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, laboratory indicators used both in diagnosing the infection itself and in determining the severity of the disease and assessing the adequacy of the prescribed therapy are of particular importance. One of the most commonly used analytes for these purposes is ferritin. Purpose of the work. Study changes in ferritin levels in elderly and senile patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Material and methods. A blood study was conducted on the concentration of ferritin in 708 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, male (46.4%) and female (63.6%) were divided into three age groups: middle, elderly and senile age group. Results. Fatal patients had significantly higher levels of ferritin. There is no difference in ferritin between age groups among those discharged. However, among fatal patients, the level of ferritin in persons aged 60 to 74 years is significantly higher. Conclusions. Significant differences in ferritin levels were found in patients of different age groups. A higher level of ferritin values in the elderly was identified.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):3-9
3-9
Biological properties of homoprobiotic isolates of lactobacteria - promising producers of probiotic preparations
Abstract
The current direction is the use of probiotics for the prevention and treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of animals, which include Lactobaccilus spp strains. The aim of the study was to study the biological properties of new homoprobiotic lactobacillus isolates isolated from the intestinal contents of healthy weaned piglets, with the selection of a promising producer for the creation of a probiotic drug. 12Lactobaccilus spp. isolates isolated from the intestinal contents of 23 healthy animals were used as research objects. The homoprobiotic strain of L. acidophilus LH-l-DEP-VGNKI isolated from the probiotic drug "Lactobifadol forte"(LLC BF "Component") served as a positive control. Material and methods. Lactobacilli were grown in a deep culture on a corn-lactose medium. The proteolytic activity was determined in cell extracts destroyed by ultrasound. The adhesive properties were studied using the method of photocolorimetry, the level of acid formation according to the Turner method. The antagonistic properties of lactobacillus strains were studied by a diffuse method in vitro, using Enterobacteriaceae strains from the intestinal contents of weaned pigs with gastroenteritis, E.coli (typical), E.coli (lactosenegative), Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus as a test object, and E.coli C 600 was used as a test strain. Antibiotic resistance was determined by the method of serial dilutions with the determination of the minimum suppressive concentration. Results. It was found that the most effective proteolytic and glycolytic activity was shown by isolates numbered 3,7,10 and the control strain. A high level of adhesive activity and acid formation was shown by isolate number 7, which has a pronounced antagonistic activity, as evidenced by the size of the diameter of the growth delay zone of the test strain around the agar block by 10-23% relative to the control. The study of antibiotic resistance of the isolate number 7 revealed that the isolate is sensitive to ampicillin, cefatoxim, cefixime, meropinem, kanamycin. The species of the isolate is L. ragasasei. Conclusion. Thus, the homoprobiotic isolate of L. paracasei and the combination of this isolate with the probiotic strain of L.acidophilus LH-l-DEP-VGNKI can be recommended for inclusion in the composition of probiotic products for veterinary use.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):10-17
10-17
Standardization of paclitaxel formulation consisting of a conjugate of polymer nanoparticles with a protein vector molecule
Abstract
Relevance. A chemotherapeutic agentpaclitaxel (Ptx) has limited usage because of the pronounced side effects of excipients and the non-specificity of Ptx action. We proposed a novel Ptx formulation for targeted therapy of malignant neoplasms and reducing the level of side effects. Aim of the study was to develop a normative documentation for standardization of a novel Ptx formulation consisting of a polymer matrix and a protein vector molecule. Material and methods. When compiling the normative documentation, we were guided by GPM.1.4.1.0007.15 of The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV "Dosage forms for parenteral use" and GPM.1.7.1.0011.18 of The State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation XIV "Biotechnological drugs". Results. The quality assessment of Ptx formulation was proposed according to the following attributes: "Particle size" (250-300 nm), "pH of the suspension" (5.8-7.6), "Reconstitution time" (no more than 15 min), "Passage of the suspension through the needle", "Sedimentation stability" (not less than 4 h), "Water content" (no more than 3%), "Mechanical inclusions", "Identity" and "Quantification" (paclitaxel concentration not less than 4.5% and no more than 5.5%), "Purity" (not less than 95%), "Organic impurities" (no more than 3.7%), "Residual organic solvents" (methylene chloride concentration no more than 0.06%), "Elemental impurities" (tin concentration not more than 640 ppm),"Uniformity of mass" (deviation from the average mass no more than 10%)," Residual DNA" (no more than 10 pg/mg), "Bacterial endotoxins" (no more than 0.25), "Sterility". Conclusions. Quality control parameters were proposed to ensure the safety and efficacy of the original FPP for anticancer therapy.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):18-23
18-23
Microalgae as a new source of biologically active compounds with antibacterial activity
Abstract
The global use of antimicrobial agents in human and veterinary medicine has led to the emergence and spread of resistant microorganisms, which in some cases no longer respond to several classes of antibacterial drugs.One of the approaches to tackle the global issue of antibiotic resistance, on the one hand, and to advance the technologies ofpopulation health protection, on the other hand, is to find producers of new antimicrobial natural compounds. Therefore, avery promising source of these compounds is microalgae and cyanobacteria. The first studies of biologically active compounds (BAC) of microalgae and cyanobacteria began in the 40-50 years of the 20th century. However, only in the last decade, microalgae have become the center of numerous studies aimed at finding new BAC that could be used in various branches of medicine and veterinary medicine. As a result of numerous studies, it was found that microalgae are able to produce compounds that have antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal antiprotozoal effects. Biopharmaceuticals based on microalgae and cyanobacteria can be not only an effective, but also a safer alternative (unlike chemically synthesizedsubstances) in the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections in humans and animals. Moreover, they can form the basis formanufacturing organic preservative agents, the need for which is steadily growing under the impact of increasing demandfrom the multinational groups of food companies. The purpose of this review is to summarize the information of studies of domestic and foreign scientists on biologically active metabolites of microalgae that have an antibacterial effect.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):24-29
24-29
A new direction in the development of a veterinary drug of the sinbiotic type
Abstract
Often, medicinal and feed antibiotics are actively used in the diet of cattle, which improve metabolism and increase the immunity of the animal, and in addition, allow for a longer time to ensure the safety of feed. However, concerns about the development of antimicrobial resistance led to the introduction of a ban on the use of antibiotics as growth stimulants, which led to the search for alternative methods to control and prevent pathogenic bacterial colonization. In recent years, it is probiotics that have begun to gain popularity as an alternative to antibiotics. In agriculture, the most popular are probiotics based on bacteria of the genus Bacillus, which are able to withstand both high and low temperatures, fluctuating pH values, produce many different enzymes (lipases, hydrolases and others), antibiotics, vitamins, proteins, are stable during storage, environmentally friendly and technologically advanced in production. Recently, a promising direction is the creation of an effective veterinary drug enriched with processed forest biomass (green trees, branches and bark, stem wood waste). Due to the inclusion of such a non-standard additive in the feed, physiological processes in the body of animals are normalized, appetite increases, their growth, productivity improves, and the body's immunity increases. Thus, it is promising to combine probiotic supplements and prebiotics, since the manifestation of a synergistic effect of these supplements is expected. This will increase the overall productivity potential of cattle, improve the quality of feed and reduce the price of feed additives.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):30-36
30-36
Development of approaches to standardization of bark of Syringa vulgaris L
Abstract
Relevance. The relevance of carrying out chemical and pharmaceutical studies of the Syringa vulgaris L. bark is due to the fact that, despite the biological activity and the use as a source of the state reference standard of syringin, this plant material is not included in the State Pharmacopeia of the Russian Federation of the XIV edition. Purpose of the study. Development of methods for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of biologically active compounds in Syringa vulgaris L. bark. Material and methods. The objects of the study were samples of Syringa vulgaris L. bark, harvested in 2018-2020 in the Samara and Saratov regions, reference standard of syringin with a purity of at least 98%, as well as an experimental preparation "Syringa vulgaris L. tincture". In the study there were used the methods of thin layer chromatography (TLC) (solvent system chloroform-ethanol-water (26:16:3)) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (mobile phase - acetonitrile: 1% solution of acetic acid in water in the ratio 15:85). The syringin content was calculated using the external standard method. Results. The presence of syringin in the studied samples was confirmed by TLC. A method has been developed for the quantitative determination of syringin in the bark of Syringa vulgaris L. by microcolumn HPLC. The error of a single determination of the syringin content with a confidence level of 95% was ±3.20%. It was determined that the optimal parameters for the extraction of syringin are: a single extraction with 70% ethyl alcohol on a boiling water bath for 60 minutes in the ratio "raw material-extractant" - 1:30. The content of syringin in the studied bark samples varied from 2.55% to 5.38%. The proposed method was applied to determine the content of syringin in experimental preparations from the bark of Syringa vulgaris L. The error of a single determination of the syringin content in the Syringa vulgaris L. tincture with a confidence level of 95% was ±4.44%. Conclusion. The possibility of using thin layer chromatography for identification of the bark of Syringa vulgaris L. is shown. Results of the conducted studies have shown satisfactory metrological characteristics of the HPLC method for determining the quantitative content of syringin.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):37-44
37-44
Study of growth and biosynthetic features of saprophytic Claviceps purpurea lines in submerged culture
Abstract
In our days, much attention is paid to saprophytic strains-producers of ergot alkaloids and the development of technologies for their production by submerged cultivation. Using UV-induced mutagenesis and subsequent selection, the saprophytic lines of the fungus Claviceps purpurea were selected, characterized by the ability to grow and synthesize indole derivatives of an alkaloid nature in a submerged culture. The studying the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of the obtained lines of the fungus C. purpurea in media Tg and T25, showed that the culture of the fungus is a suspension of mycelium, consisting of a nutrient substrate and loose spherical colonies of various sizes. The center of the colonies is slightly compacted, from their edges branching out in different directions of the liquid nutrient substrate hyphae. When the fungus was cultivated in a Tg medium, the color of the mycelium was milky white, the formation of conidia and the synthesis of indole derivatives of an alkaloid nature were not observed. In medium T25, the initially milky white color of the culture liquid turned beige during cultivation, and by the end of fermentation it acquired a lilac hue. The color of the 20-day-old wet mycelium was also pigmented and acquired a lilac shade of varying intensity. From 12 to 14 days of cultivation, the formation of colorless oval conidia with rounded ends was observed in the culture liquid. The synthesis of indole derivatives of an alkaloid nature began on the 9th day of cultivation and reached the maximum level on the 19th day of the growth of the fungus. We also found that line No. 2 accumulates more mycelium and the level of synthesis of secondary metabolites in this line is slightly higher than in line No. 1, which allows us to carry out further breeding work on the construction of an industrially significant saprophytic strain-producer of ergoalkaloids (EA), select line number 2.
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):45-49
45-49
Natal'ya Anatol'evna Slesarenko (k 75-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya)
Problems of Biological Medical and Pharmaceutical Chemistry. 2021;24(7):50-51
50-51