Evaluation of biocompatibility and adhesive properties of scaffolds based on inorganic bone matrix

Introduction. The use of cellular engineering structures, including cell cultures and composite biomaterials, ensures maximum efficiency of bone defect repair, and the development of techniques and testing of carriers for osteogenic cell transplantation remains an urgent task of modern science. The study carried out biological testing of scaffolds based on the inorganic bone matrix obtained by a previously developed and patented method at the Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants using human fibroblasts in terms of cytotoxicity, efficiency of cell adhesion and proliferation.

The purpose of the study is to evaluate experimentally the biocompatibility and adhesive properties of SIBM samples using human cell cultures in vitro to create an implantation cellular engineering structures.

Material and methods. The object of the study is SIBM samples of the inorganic bone tissue of the compact substance of the diaphysis of the femur of a bull with a cell line of human dermal fibroblasts HdFb (d77). The biocompatibility and adhesive properties of SIBM with respect to the cell line of dermal fibroblasts, their effect on cell viability and proliferative activity were studied using phase contrast microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and the classical spectral method using tetrazolium yellow salt (MTT method).

Results. The formation of contacts of the plasma membrane of dermal fibroblasts with the SIBM samples was studied within 240 hours of incubation. At the same time, there were no significant changes in cell morphology. They formed a confluent monolayer (with cells tightly adjacent to each other), adhered well and were distributed over the surface of the SIBM. SIBM samples had virtually no effect on the metabolic activity of HdFb cells. The data obtained indicate a minimal effect of the studied samples on cell viability and proliferation, the absence of toxicity to cells and good biocompatibility with dermal fibroblasts in vitro.

Conclusions. It has been experimentally proved that the studied SIBM samples obtained by the previously developed method at the Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants have adhesive properties, lack of cytotoxicity with respect to human HdFb dermal fibroblasts and have little effect on their proliferation in vitro.