Comparative toxicological characteristics of dry extracts from herb and leaves of chicory (Cichorium intybus L.)

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Abstract

Introdаction. Every year there is an increase in the use of herbal preparations to maintain public health. Herbal medicines, as a rule, are characterized by a wider range of pharmacological activity and lower toxicity compared to synthetic drugs. Common chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) of the Asteraceae family, due to its rich content of biologically active substances and significant raw material base, is used to treat various ailments and is a promising object for the development of new medicines and feed additives for farm animals.

The aim of the work is a comparative analysis of experimental data on the toxicity of dry extracts from the aboveground part of wild and cultivated chicory with a single injection to laboratory animals of different species, age and gender to determine the prospects for the creation of medicines based on them.

Material and methods. Toxicity parameters of dry extracts from wild chicory grass (Cichorium intybus L.) and rosette leaves of a cultivated form of chicory obtained in the Department of Phytochemistry of the Center for Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology of the VILAR Federal State Medical University with a single intraperitoneal and intragastric administration to male and female BALB/c mice and Wistar rats aged 3 weeks, 3- and 12 months old.

Results. In previous experimental studies, the parameters of acute toxicity of the studied extracts for laboratory animals of different species, sex and age with two methods of administration were determined. A comparative analysis of the data obtained showed that the dry extract from the leaves of cultivated chicory is on average 2 to 2.5 times less toxic than the dry extract from the grass of a wild plant with both methods of administration to both mice and rats of different ages.

Conclusions. Significant differences in the content and qualitative composition of phenolic compounds determine the difference in the toxicity of dry extracts of wild and cultivated chicory and allow them to be used as raw materials for the production of medicines and feed additives for farm animals.

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About the authors

O. S. Kuzina

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Author for correspondence.
Email: oskt@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8787-8390
SPIN-code: 3699-1171

Senior Research Scientist, Toxicology Department

Russian Federation, 7 Green str., Moscow, 117216

M. V. Borovkova

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: borovkova_65@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3568-6407
SPIN-code: 2682-0970

Senior Research Scientist, Toxicology Department

Russian Federation, 7 Green str., Moscow, 117216

L. V. Krepkova

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: krepkowa2011@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3580-336X
SPIN-code: 1394-1808

Ph.D. (Biol.), Head of Toxicology Department

Russian Federation, 7 Green str., Moscow, 117216

A. N. Babenko

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants

Email: alexandra.mogileva@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9629-5525
SPIN-code: 4910-9224

Ph.D. (Biol.), Leading Research Scientist, Toxicology Department

Russian Federation, 7 Green str., Moscow, 117216

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2. Fig. 1. Parameters of “acute” toxicity (mg/kg) of dry chicory extracts when administered w/w: а – to 3-month-old mice; б – to 12-month-old mice; reliability of differences relative to the group of mice receiving the reliability of differences relative to the group of mice receiving dry extract of common chicory herb, ***** – p <0.001 and *** – p <0.01

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3. Fig. 2. Parameters of “acute” toxicity (mg/kg) of dry chicory extracts at w/w administration: а – to 3-month-old rats; б – to 12-month-old rats; reliability of differences relative to the group of mice receiving dry extract of common chicory herb: ***** – p <0.001 and *** – p <0.01

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4. Fig. 3. Parameters of “acute” toxicity (mg/kg) of dry chicory extracts when administered w/w to 3-week-old rats; ***** – reliability of differences relative to the group of rats receiving dry extract of common chicory herb, p <0.001

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5. Fig. 4. Content of main BAS in extracts of common chicory

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