详细
The aim of the work is to study the localization of phenolic compounds in callus cultures of medicinal plants (Dioscorea caucasia Lypsky, Euonymus nana Bieb., Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom), used as raw material sources in pharmacology. Methods and materials. The object of the study was callus cultures obtained from intact plants and regenerative plants (Dioscorea caucasia Lypsky., Euonymus nana Bieb and Aristolochia manshuriensis Kom.). Callus tissue was cultured on a nutrient medium containing Мurasiga and Skuga mineral salts and growth regulators at a temperature of 250 C and a 16-hour photoperiod, In alcohol extracts of callus cultures by spectrophotometric method, the content of the sum of soluble phenolic compounds (with Folin-Denis reagent), flavans (with vanillin reagent) and flavonols (with aluminum chloride) was determined. The localization of polyphenols was determined by histochemical methods (0.08% raster of Fast Blue reagent, reaction with vanillin reagent in hydrochloric acid vapor). Results. The resulting long-passable, well-proliferating callus cultures are characterized by a high ability to form polyphenols (flavans and flavanols). Flavanols were major components of the phenolic complex. In the process of culturing callus cultures, the level of accumulation of all studied classes of polyphenols is reduced in comparison with intact plant tissues. Summary. Under in vitro conditions, the species-specific ability to synthesize phenolic compounds is preserved, which is confirmed not only by quantitative determination of phenolic compounds, but also by histochemical studies. The polyphenols in cells of the calli were localized in micro- and macrovascular, in the intercellular spaces and cell walls. Among callus cells, epiblates with a central vacuole containing a large number of polyphenols in the form of an amorphous substance, as well as small and large-faceted inclusions, were occasionally encountered.
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