Composition of essential oils of Origanum vulgare L. varieties from VILAR collection

Origanum vulgare L. varietal plants belong to certain morphotypes, characterized by a genetically fixed complex of constant features (height, color of organs, type of growth, biometric indicators). Determined the structure and content of individual compounds of essential oil of three varieties of O. vulgare ('Raduga', 'Slavnitca', 'Zima') the biological collection of VILAR. T. EO analysis was performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). As a result, 120 individual compounds were found in the composition of O. vulgare EO and 62 compounds were identified. The main compounds of EO are the 11 compounds: terpinene-4-ol (16.4%), p-caryophyllene (12.4%), germacrene D (9.7%), caryophyllene oxide (8.2%), spathulenol (7.7%) and a-cadinol (6.0 %), Y-terpinene (2.9%) and 6-cadinol (2.8%) and a-humulen (2.2%), 6-cadinene (1.9%) and a-terpineol (1.7%). They account for 71.9% of the total content of EO compounds. Compounds from the group of sesquiterpenes predominate in all varieties, but their maximum content was found in the variety 'Zima' (51%). The variety 'Slavnitca' the content of compounds monoterpenes 6 times more than the variety 'Raduga' and 14 times more than the variety 'Zima'. The highest content of phenolic compounds was found in the 'Raduga' variety. The results suggest the presence of O. vulgare varietal chemotypes not only in connection with the content of phenolic components (thymol and carvacrol), but also in connection with the total content of compounds of other groups (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes), characterized by specific pharmacological activity. All varieties of O. vulgare are related to low-phenol chemotypes (thymol and carvacrol content was less than 1%).

Origanum vulgare L, varieties, essential oil, gas-liquid chromatography, mass-spectrometry