Vol 23, No 2 (2021)

The article presents the results of the development and implementation of comprehensive tools for increasing efficiency in modern production systems of car assembly plants

On the example of development a unique on-board gasification system for non-produced residues of liquid fuel in the tanks of the launch vehicle stage, the improvement of the quality of theoretical and experimental research is considered. Due to the uniqueness of the developed on-board gasification system, which begins functioning after the main liquid rocket engine (LRE) is turned off, there are no studies of the proposed method of gasification (evaporation) based on the supply of a carrier heat in the form of hot gas to the tank with liquid fuel residues, and the methodology for selecting the design -engineering parameters of the on-board gasification system. It is obvious that the creation of a methodology for selecting the design-engineering parameters of the on-board gasification system, the further development of the on-board gasification system and the study of its functioning to improve the quality is impossible without conducting a study of the convective gasification process in the fuel tank. To develop a physical and mathematical model and a physical model of the gasification process, an experimental model installation with a model liquid as part of an experimental stand is considered.

The article critically analyzes the standards for assessing the quality of the supporting structures of special bridge metallurgical cranes. At the present stage, more than 80% of such cranes are operated outside the warranty period. The standards are aimed either at a finite number of operating cycles, or at objects of low complexity, in particular FMEA. To estimate the resource, the characteristic number, a generalized indicator of the supporting structure, is used. Risk analysis is a promising and recommended one today. The structural risk analysis is considered as an integral indicator for assessing the quality of the actual technical condition of a special metallurgical crane. The article is a continuation of a series on the study of the use of structural risk analysis for assessing the quality of structures of a metallurgical enterprise. Models of quality are given according to the following risk criteria: normal, maximum permissible, critical (catastrophic). The largest catastrophic events of a metallurgical enterprise have been studied for 70 years. The statement of the problem is formulated as follows: it is necessary to critically assess the current state of the standards and find their joint optimal parameters or put forward new requirements to create a draft of a new standard for assessing the quality of special metallurgical cranes operating outside the warranty period. An algorithm is presented that includes and refines modern standards, including FMEA. Quality is calculated as a function that changes over time, inversely proportional to the risk, taking into account the damage. The calculated values of the quality are obtained, which make it possible to relate the number of worked cycles, the acting stresses and deformations.

The article discusses the problem of finding a rational share of artificial intelligence in the organizational system of a manufacturing enterprise. An original formal-logical model of a mixed integrated information environment of a digital enterprise is proposed, which differs from analogues in the possibility of an ontological description of the processes of interaction between personnel and artificial intelligence systems. On the basis of the proposed model, a technique has been developed for the optimal replacement of staffing for cyber-physical systems with artificial intelligence components, which allows balancing the load of human resources and intelligent systems. The proposed developments can be applied in the organization of the production process of enterprises for planning and management, as well as the introduction of new technologies and artificial intelligence. Research results are recommended under the framework of implementation of the concept of Industry 4.0 for modern enterprises of industrial engineering.

The article presents research on the problem of digitalization of the quality management system of an automobile assembly plant. The directions of development of the processes of informatization and digitalization of the quality management system in production are proposed.

The problems of additional launching a space robot into a geostationary orbit and approaching a geostationary satellite for its maintenance are considered. The robot’s attitude and orbit control system uses an electric propulsion unit, a propulsion system based on eight electric thermo-catalytic engines with pulse-width modulation of their thrust, and a gyro moment cluster based on four single-gimbal control moment gyroscopes (gyrodines). Numerical results are presented that demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed discrete guidance and control algorithms.

The emergence of recently a wide range of nanoelectronic components is expanding the possibilities of information and computing systems. First of all, it concerns supercomputers with Petaflopovaya productivity. To achieve such performance on the basis of modern microelectronic devices, computing complexes are created, combining up to 100 thousand processors that consume about 100 megawatts of electrical energy and occupy about 300 square meters. A significant increase in productivity, reduction of energy consumption and a decrease in mass-dimensional indicators can be ensured in the transition from microelectronic to a nanoelectronic element base. For such promising nanoelectronic components include memristors. A memristor (from memory - memory, and resistor-electrical resistance) is a passive element in microelectronics that can change its resistance depending on the charge flowing through it. For a long time, the memristor was considered a theoretical model [7], which cannot be implemented in practice, until the first sample of the element demonstrating the properties of the memristor was created in 2008 by a team of scientists led by R. S. Williams in the research laboratory of Hewlett-Packard. The device does not store charge like a capacitor, does not support magnetic flux like an inductor. The change in the properties of the device is provided by chemical reactions in a thin two-layer film of titanium dioxide (5 nm). One layer of the device film is slightly depleted of oxygen and oxygen vacancies migrate between the layers when the voltage changes. This implementation of the memristor belongs to the class of nanoion devices. The observed phenomenon of hysteresis in the memristor allows it to be used, among other things, as a memory cell [9, 10-15, 20-21]. The already studied properties of memristors allow us to say that on their basis it is possible to create computers of a fundamentally new architecture, significantly exceeding semiconductor ones in performance. Due to the regular structure of intersecting nanowires, memristor fabrication is quite simple, especially in comparison with the complex structure of modern processors based on CMOS technology. As a result, the write / read time in the memristor memory cell does not exceed 5 ns. The number of read / write cycles exceeds 1012, and the storage time of information is more than 10 years. All this suggests that memristor memory will become the only type of computer memory. However, the use of such elements in real-life conditions leads to the fact that the electrical parameters of these devices vary over a wide range. This uncertainty in characteristics complicates circuit analysis and the entire design process for electronic devices that include memristor components. In this regard, the problem of assessing the stability of nanoelectronic structures based on memresistive elements under conditions of uncertain external influences is urgent.

The article discusses an approach to the automation of parametric synthesis of production equipment of highly automated production systems. Three optimization methods are considered: the coordinate descent method based on the golden ratio, the Hook-Jeeves method, and the genetic algorithm. With the help of the considered methods, a computational experiment was carried out aimed at finding the design parameters of a flexible manufacturing system that are optimal according to the criterion of equipment loading. The design parameters were assessed on the basis of a computer model of the production equipment operation process. The analysis of the experimental results showed that the highest efficiency of determining the global optimum was obtained using the genetic algorithm, but its operation takes the longest time. It has been suggested that it is possible to reduce the search time by studying the effect of the mutation value, which does not allow the genetic algorithm to get stuck in the local optimum, but worsens the convergence of the solution.