Study of Integrated Optical Switch for Development of Logical Element Controlled by the Thermal Influence on Ge2Sb2Te5 Layer (GST)

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Abstract

The alternating phase layer Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) demonstrates a significant refractive index difference between the amorphous (a-GST) and crystalline (c-GST) states. The fast and reversible phase transition between the two states allows for high speed and thermal stability of integrated optical devices. The paper presents a study of an integrated optical switch based on an annular microresonator with a superimposed GST layer controlled by the thermal influence. Such switches may be used in the optical circuits to implement logic functions.

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About the authors

A. S. Kadochkin

Research and Production Complex “Technological Center”

Author for correspondence.
Email: journal@electronics.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7960-1583

Cand. of Sciences (Phyth.&Math.), senior researcher of the microsystems engineering department of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution

Russian Federation, Zelenograd, Moscow

V. V. Amelichev

Research and Production Complex “Technological Center”

Email: journal@electronics.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4204-2626

Cand. of Sciences (Eng.), head of the microsystems engineering department

Russian Federation, Zelenograd, Moscow

S. S. Generalov

Research and Production Complex “Technological Center”

Email: journal@electronics.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7455-7800

Head of the research laboratory for nano- and micromechanical systems, microsystems engineering department

Russian Federation, Zelenograd, Moscow

D. V. Gorelov

Research and Production Complex “Technological Center”

Email: journal@electronics.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0887-9406

Head of the research laboratory for integrated microcircuits, microsystems engineering department

Russian Federation, Zelenograd, Moscow

References

  1. Kizhakkakath F., Ravindran S. Microring resonator based optical logic gates. ISSS Journal of Micro and Smart Systems. 2022;11(1): 295–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41683-022-00107-7.
  2. Sakib M. et al. A high-speed micro-ring modulator for next generation energy-efficient optical networks beyond 100 Gbaud. CLEO: Science and Innovations. Optica Publishing Group. 2021. С. SF1C. 3. https://doi.org/10.1364/CLEO_SI.2021.SF1C.3.
  3. Chen L. et al. Hybrid silicon and lithium niobate electro-optical ring modulator. Optica. 2014; 1(2): 112–118. https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.1.000112.
  4. Carvalho W. O. F., Mejía-Salazar J. R. Magneto-optical micro-ring resonators for dynamic tuning of add/drop channels in dense wavelength division multiplexing applications. Optics Letters. 2021; 46(10): 2396–2399. https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.425595.
  5. Parra J. et al. Impact of GST thickness on GST-loaded silicon waveguides for optimal optical switching. Scientific Reports. 2022; 12 (1): 9774. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-13848-0.
  6. Zheng J. et al. GST-on-silicon hybrid nanophotonic integrated circuits: a non-volatile quasi-continuously reprogrammable platform. Optical Materials Express. 2018; 8(6): 1551–1561. https://doi.org/10.1364/OME.8.001551.
  7. X. Wang, M. Kuwahara, K. Awazu, P. Fons, J. Tominaga, Y. Ohki. Proposal of a grating-based optical reflection switch using phase change materials. Optics express. 2009; 17(19): 16947–16956. https://doi.org/10.1364/oe.17.016947.

Supplementary files

Supplementary Files
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1. JATS XML
2. Fig. 1. Dependence of optical coefficients n and k on wavelength for thin GST films [2]

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3. Fig. 2. General view of a microresonator with a GST segment. The insert shows the TE0 mode distribution in the waveguide cross section with c-GST and a-GST

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4. Fig. 3. Annular microresonator with a 90-degree GST segment

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5. Fig. 4.Distribution of electric field strength |E| for TE0 mode in the annular microresonator with a 90-degree GST segment: a – control element made of a-GST; b – control element made of c-GST

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6. Fig. 5. Signal reflection coefficient from the annular microresonator with a 90-degree GST segment (solid line – control element made of a-GST, dotted line – control element made of c-GST)

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7. Fig. 6. Micro-annular resonator with a 180-degree GST segment

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8. Fig. 7. Distribution of electric field strength |E| for TE0 mode in the annular microresonator with a 180-degree GST segment: a – control element made of a-GST; b – control element made of c-GST

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9. Fig. 8. Signal reflection coefficient from the annular microresonator with a 180-degree GST segment (solid line – control element made of a-GST; dotted line – control element made of c-GST)

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10. Fig. 9. Micro-annular resonator with a 360-degree GST segment

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11. Fig. 10. Distribution of electric field strength |E| for TE0 mode in the annular microresonator with a 360-degree GST segment: a – control element made of a-GST; b – control element made of c-GST

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12. Fig. 11. Signal reflection coefficient from the annular microresonator with a 360-degree GST segment (solid line – control element made of a-GST; dotted line – control element made of c-GST)

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Copyright (c) 2023 Kadochkin A.S., Amelichev V.V., Generalov S.S., Gorelov D.V.

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