Vol 18, No 8 (2024)

Photonics cannot exist without microelectronic technologies. Photonic integrated circuits have become the focus of attention for developers and integrators of a wide variety of optical communication systems and sensor systems. However, optical information processing systems (optical computers or optical neural networks) are still at the stage of laboratory research. The problems of the development of society, when the main flow of information becomes almost instantly known to any member of this society, at the present stage are due to the lag of the social structure behind technological progress. Therefore, among the variety of optoelectronic and photonic skills and competencies, it is necessary to identify critical tasks for the successful achievement of the goals of the Strategy of Scientific and Technological Development of Russia. Only the united community of science and engineering can do this. On September 27, 2024, within the framework of the Microelectronics 2024 forum, a round table was held on coordinating efforts in creating a photonics roadmap. The moderator of the scientific meeting was Arkady Vladimirovich Shipulin, PhD, Professor of Skoltech. The article presents his answers to a number of questions raised during the discussions on the plans to create a roadmap.

In this paper, a process for creating a SONOS memory cell with an improved structure within the CMOS route according to 1.5 μm process standards that can be integrated to silicon photonics is proposed. The resulting memory has a write voltage of 12 V and an erase voltage of –13 V. The write speed is 80 ms. The memory window is more than 3 V with a working window of 2 V.

This review discusses various ways to create single-photon sources (SPS). The task of generating single photons can be solved in various ways, and at the moment there is no one among them that would be significantly preferable.

The first part of the review discussed the requirements for single-photon sources and criteria for characterizing sources. The first part of the review included single photons sources based on single ions and based on single atoms.

The second part reviews SPS based on quantum dots and color centers in crystals.

A new concept of a confocal sensor designed to measure the displacements and surface microprofiles of the optical transparent media is proposed. The sensor is based on a superluminescent diode and a hyperchromatic lens. The sensor uses a multimode fiber-optic coupler and a radiation source with a spectral width of 40 nm. The displacement and elevation difference of the object are determined by measuring the spectrum of radiation reflected from the surface, with isolation of the dominant wavelength using the special software algorithms and implementation of the confocality principle of the sensor’s optical scheme.

The article shows the potential of practical use of the dorsal skin fold optical microscopy method as an effective diagnostic technology for biosystems. It has been experimentally proved that even in the basic formulation, the presented method allows obtaining a large amount of useful research data in conditions as close as possible to native ones.

The article discusses the issues of assessing the prospects for detecting latent viral infection for monitoring viral pathogens using digital processing of images obtained by an optical digital camera and hyperspectral images. Information on 13 types of viruses that have been registered in some regions where Syringa L. grows is provided. Data on the species composition of Syringa viruses in the ecosystems of the Main Botanical Garden and the Moscow region and their symptoms are described. Based on the virological examination, specialized pathogens Lilac ring mottle ilarvirus (LRMV), Lilac leaf chlorosis ilarvirus (LLCV), as well as Carnation mottle carmovirus, Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus, Alfalfa mosaic alfamovirus and Potato Y potyvirus, which are not typical for lilacs, were diagnosed on lilac. As a result of system monitoring, the frequency of occurrence of seven viruses was determined.