Gaps in the legal regulation of the use of assisted reproductive technologies

The situation is analyzed in the article associated with an increase in the number of infertile couples, with the problems of determining reproductive human rights, with their protection and regulation. It is concluded that assisted reproductive technologies (in vitro fertilization, surrogacy, etc.) are effective methods of treating infertility. There are heated debates among scientists, public and religious figures regarding the possibilities of using the achievements of biotechnology in the process of human reproduction. The problems associated with the use of genetic technologies in the process of artificial human reproduction are identified: the imperfection of the legal framework, in particular, the legal status of the human embryo, the legitimacy of its use for scientific research and therapeutic purposes. In Russia, methods of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have generally been used for a long time, but there is still no law regulating this area, but it is needed. Some countries have adopted such laws. Canada has passed the Assisted Human Reproduction Act. The article provides a detailed analysis of this law. In different countries, ART is treated differently: from the prohibition to state support, seeing in some cases a security threat, and in others - the potential for solving demographic and economic problems. Studying foreign experience, it is seen, that some countries use prohibitions on a number of methods of reproductive technologies. The article presents examples of the occurrence of legal liability for violation of these prohibitions. An analysis of legislation, practice, and scientific research related to surrogate motherhood allows us to conclude that where there is no clear legal regulation, there is the possibility of abuses and wrongs. The most common crimes committed in this area are human trafficking, fraud, extortion, falsification of evidence. Therefore, the process of improving legislation in the field of assisted reproductive technologies should continue.

human reproductive rights, reproductive health, assisted reproductive technologies, surrogate maternity, legal regulation