Vol 12, No 2 (2019)

Objectives: the need to create a Russian concept of legal education of young people has determined the relevance of the article. The involvement of students in the discussion of the professional model of behavior will create the basis of a legal education system and minimize the risks of illegal behavior among young people. The research of scientists of legal education is also analyzed in the article. Model: the system analysis, formal-legal and logical methods were applied. Conclusions: legal education is a long process in which law, education, and society interact closely. Proposal: It is substantiated that there is a need to improve the Russian legislation aimed at the formation of moral and legal education of youth. Scope of results (value): the subjects of legal education implement the results of the research in their practice.

The article reveals the most actual problems that prevent the full implementation of the principle of secular nature of the state in the Russian Federation. The authors analyze the currently existing forms of interaction between the state and religious associations and assess their compliance with the principles of a secular state. The article deals with the main revealed violations of the principles of the secular state in the Russian Federation by officials of public authorities, representatives of religious associations, the media. The authors analyze the Federal laws of the Russian Federation that regulate social relations arising in the implementation of the principles of a secular state. The article also substantiates the need to amend the Russian legislation concerning the imposition of sanctions for violations of the principle of the secular nature of the state and the formation of a new concept of relations between the state and religious associations.

In the article, based on an analysis of a wide range of sources, the author presents the position on certification in the system of organizing influence on public relations. Certification is considered as a method of procedural and restrictive regulation of the activities of public authorities with the identification of its essence and the formulation of proposals for improvement.

The article is a study of theoretical and practical aspects of the regulation of the legal category "human dignity" at the international legal and constitutional levels. International legal acts and constitutions of foreign countries are analyzed in order to develop the existing theoretical approaches and expand the understanding of the modern understanding of the legal category of human dignity. As a result, it is concluded that there is no uniform approach in the practice of fixing the category of human dignity. At the same time, the study allowed to identify the key elements of the complex legal category of human dignity: respect, protection, protection, inviolability, inviolability and guarantee of dignity.

This article discusses the historical understanding of the Russian legal culture and the attitude of civil society to it. The need to reform the Russian legal system in order to create respect for the law in society, as well as to increase confidence in the law enforcement agencies is noted. Also in the article the question of norm and deviation from it, that is deviation is considered. The characteristic of the relation of these concepts is considered. It is noted that deviation at the present stage is considered as a deviation from the generally accepted norms of behavior, as well as a violation of the legislation of the Russian Federation. The article also gives the characteristics of deviant behavior and identifies the key forms of. It is pointed out that the decrease in the level of deviant behavior in civil society has a direct relationship with the increase in the legal culture of Russians. This article is prepared in the framework of the research work on «Empirical-theoretical research study to identify the hidden educational motivation of students in the development of modern adaptive vocational standard of work of pedagogical workers in the framework of additional educational activities on the basis of the data obtained in the course of the Legal forum for the students of educational institutions "Right for school» in the framework of the State task of the Federal center of educational legislation in 2018 year.

At the present stage of development of technology, increasing use of computers in economic and political activities is provided by means of which it is possible to create a man-computer system by implanting processors into the human brain, artificial intelligence systems. Such experiments already take place in domestic and foreign engineering practice. This direction was investigated by R. Calo, M. Froomkin, I. Kerr, M. Eigen, P. Lin, K. Abney, G.A. Bekey. The aim of the study is to develop theoretical concepts, approaches, proposals for regulating the use of new social phenomena in economic and business activities. In the study of social relations, the following methods were used: formal legal method, methods of interpretation of law (functional, logical), legal modeling, legal forecast. Conclusions and results. With regard to the functioning of new phenomena, the possibility of using the existing law, as well as measures to regulate legal relations by public institutions of the state, is being considered. The article examines the development trends of law and the state in the new economic structure. For these purposes, the need to use new technological tools to identify mental processes in the brain of subjects in the implementation of economic acts in order to eliminate the defects of the content of legal relations is being investigated. Such a measure will reduce the number of litigations, will give stability to the legal system, attractiveness of the legal regime. It is revealed that mental processes, volition, as manifestations of brain activity, have an individuality that can be verified for each individual by means of a computer. In this regard, an assumption is made that law can regulate the manifestation of mental processes as acts of will in the implementation of economic acts of commodity exchange or in public activity (the regulation of implicit actions is replaced by the fixation of mental processes in the form of mental reasoning). The issues related to the experimental implantation of processors in the human brain, the possible consequences of such a procedure on an industrial scale in relation to law and the state. It is noted the need to develop norms related to the defect of will, limiting the capacity of such entities in the implementation of legal relations, transactions. It is hypothesized that changing social relations through the use of artificial intelligence systems, endowing them with legal personality does not make sense. In the program, the computer algorithm has no inherent human axiological values. It was concluded that the program of artificial intelligence (artificial anthropoid) will not be determined by the performance of the labor function in society. In the causes of the actions and in the ensuing consequences there will be no presence of a philosophical category, the process of "objectification". In view of this, there may be an imbalance in the economic basis when carrying out exchange operations (the category of the exchange value of the goods is eliminated). Sectoral legal problems are described when vesting robotic systems, artificial intelligence systems with legal capacity and capacity. It is revealed that the activity of "electronic persons", the activity on creation of algorithms and programs is not regulated by the norms of public law, there are no state bodies of state authority and management that would carry out certification or licensing. Suggested solutions to problems. The applied aspect of such work will be used in the field of state regulation of economic and business activities of economic entities. Further research may be related to the development of regulatory acts for banking activity and the financial market. The results obtained can be used in the lawmaking process in reforming civil and business law, as well as in the development of acts of state legal policy in the field of entrepreneurial activity. The application of the formulated proposals will allow the use of new technological tools in business relations in the national economy on the basis of legal regulation. The work is intended for specialists in private and public law, as well as professionals who carry out legislative activities in the field of legal regulation of entrepreneurial activity.

The article provides analysis of the legal legislation regarding permits to build. An assessment has been made of new regulation in terms of building permit, in terms of its validity period. The analysis allows to legislation and judicial practice regarding the possibility of obtaining permits. The conclusions and suggestions made by the author can be applied in solving problems of legal reform, in law enforcement, and can also be used to raise legal awareness among officials of public authorities and local self-government.

The article analyzes the peculiarities of the legal status of state institutions as a participant in financial legal relations. The peculiarities of the legal status of state-owned institutions are identified through the analysis of Russian legislation governing public relations in the field of budget financing.

The article considers legal regulation and actual state of the relations imprisoned with administrations, gives the retrospective of such relations, designates the separate reasons of illegal use of physical force and special means to convicts.

Female crime and drug addiction constantly bordering each other. They became negative phenomena of modern Russia. In order to determine the reasons that contributed to the commission of a crime by a woman, it is necessary to study the specifics of the female nature. In the article, the authors analyzed the causes and conditions for women committing crimes related to drug trafficking.

The authors discuss and analyze some problems arising from the qualification of acts in some offenses. The article reveals a number of controversial norms in the Russian criminal legislation, the gaps contained in their objective and subjective aspects, in the subject of the crime, the sentencing of the guilty, as well as the legal assessment of the contradictions arising in these cases. The authors analyzed and considered the issue of legality and the possibility of applying arrest and imprisonment against the perpetrator, which in some cases are illegal, and therefore proposes a number of changes to the legal norms, correcting their content. The authors emphasize the need to make adjustments to the Criminal Code in order to improve the transparency and efficiency of the practice of lawyers.

The article reveals the problems of legal regulation and criminal liability for the smuggling of narcotic drugs, psychotropic and potent substances. In addition, this article reflects the gaps in the legal regulation of countering smuggling of controlled substances, the situation with which has developed as a result of the fact that the legislator did not take into account all the rules of legislative and legal engineering in the design of the norm. The author made proposals for fixing specific signs instead of the estimated sign of violence, making the disposition descriptive or supplement Art. 229.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation note, disclosing the concept of "violence". The author believes that it is wrong to use an evaluative feature in this norm, as this will adversely affect the qualification of the crime of the act and cause a lot of controversial issues in the law enforcement process, including judicial practice. According to the author, these adjustments will help increase the effectiveness of countering this type of crime.

According to philosophy, the basis of the genesis, evolution, functioning and structural construction of any phenomenon lays in its objective patterns.The opening of the relevant patterns is the main task of any science, including legal, because in these patterns the content of law revealing in the most deep way. At the same time, it is impossible to develop a doctrine on the patterns of criminal law, if we imagines them syncretically, as some kind of undifferentiated whole. This article continues the series of publications on the issue of the classification of criminal laws patterns in the sphere of legislation.

The article deals with certain issues of attracting convicts held in correctional institutions to paid work. The author concludes that the labor adaptation of convicts has a positive impact on the process of their re-socialization.

The article provides a long-term forecast of the number of persons in respect of whom the court chooses a preventive measure in the form of house arrest (until 2025). The method of conducting such studies is shown.

In 2017, a criminal law establishing liability for animal abuse was amended. Despite this, the author notes that there are difficulties with the definition of cruel treatment of animals due to the absence in the legislation of standards for the proper treatment of animals. Unfortunately, the legislator has not established the rules governing the proper handling of animals. In this regard, as well as taking into account the growth of illegal actions in relation to animals, the author has attempted to analyze the composition of article 245 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and to formulate proposals in this area.

Terrorism is one of the most dangerous threats to the national security of the Russian Federation. A lot of people are becoming subjects of terrorist crimes. The most common form of terrorism is a terrorist act, for the commission of which criminal liability has been established, as provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. A terrorist act is one of the most devastating in its consequences. In the present article the author analyzes questions of criminal prosecution for crime of terrorist character which qualification is carried out under the Article 205 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

This paper indicates the problems arising in the presentation of information by the civil officers about income, expenses, about property and obligations of property character. It highlights the most frequent common mistakes when filling out the income statement, formulated proposals for the settlement of certain issues related to presenting the information.

The article presents the actual problem of involving young people in extremist and terrorist groups. The author analyzes the methods of involvement ways used by recruiters to influence the minds of young people. Family institution role weakening, the exposure of youth to the negative impact influence in information space is noted in the article. The author concludes that the state should create all conditions for young people’s successful socialization, directing all forces to prevent and counter extremism and terrorism. As the necessary means the author notes the improvement of young people’s social environment, their involvement in the socio-cultural space as well as the clear organization of the psychocorrection system work to prevent aggression of young people being in risk group.

The article discusses the ways and methods of using mass media as a way to prevent youth involvement in extremist and terrorist organizations. The media have a special place in countering extremism and terrorism. The role of the media as the most powerful means of influencing a wide audience is analyzed. The author notes that the media can play both positive and negative roles. The article presents ways to optimize anti-extremist and anti-terrorism education in this area. The positive role of media actions regulation at the state level is noted. It is also proposed to adjust the content, methods and ways of presenting the material, depending on the issue relevance of combating extremism and terrorism for a particular region.

The article presents an analysis of the practice of penitentiary institutions of foreign countries of detention convicted of terrorist crimes. Highlights the different point of view to separate and concentrate the content in one institution, this category of convicts.

The article deals with the problematic issues of the dog service of the criminal-executive system in the conditions of the current financing. The author analyzed the main indicators of the efficiency of the dog service of the penal correction system, as well as the dependence between the financing of the dog service of the criminal-executive system and its activities. As a result, the author made conclusions on the topic under consideration.

The article considers the problem of prevention of delinquent behavior of minors relevant today. It investigates the conditions of prevention of delinquent behavior, neglect and offenses of minors and considers ways of improvement of preventive measures, develops the Model of prevention and interdepartmental interaction according to prevention of delinquent behavior of minors in Tula region.

Interrogation is the main investigative action in the implementation of the preliminary investigation. At the same time, interrogation of a minor is particularly specific. The article indicates the need to pay special attention to the personality of the minor. The preparatory stage for interrogation is an important part of the investigative process involving a minor.

The article touches upon the problem of implementation of the adversarial principle at the stages of pre-trial and judicial proceedings. The problems of collecting evidence by the defense and the reasons for the formation of the accusatory bias in the activities of the Russian justice are considered.

Objective and high quality criminal investigation is impossible without studying direct and indirect evidence. It is important that direct evidence which is the basis for establishing the circumstances of the crime committed must be supported by indirect evidence. In many cases underestimating of the circumstantial evidence role can lead to investigative and judicial errors.

The article analyzes the existing issues related to the appointment and production of linguistic expertise. These are practical issues related to the definition of the nature and subject of expert research, with the features of the objects of linguistic expertise, and, as a consequence, with the choice of an expert (narrow specialty), with the correct formulation (formulation) of questions to the expert. Attention is also focused on the lack of systematization of methods and techniques of linguistic expertise.

This article is devoted to the analysis of procedural and tactical actions aimed at preparing for the inspection of the explosion site as a scene. As methods were chosen analysis of legal sources, scientific and educational literature, questionnaires, comparative analysis, experiment, modeling. Preparation for the inspection of the explosion site includes a number of standard actions for the formation of the investigative-operational group, the preparation of technical and vehicles, prior consultation with a specialist in the field of explosives, the timing and method of inspection. High-quality preparation for inspection can significantly facilitate and reduce the time spent on the detection, fixation and removal of traces, the study of the situation of the scene.

Task. The purpose of writing this article is to improve the system of access of subjects to public services and electronic documents in a digital economy. Model. The article examines the relationship of access to electronic documents by analyzing the definition of regulations and their comparison with the actual activities of government bodies. Findings. It is necessary to improve the current legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of access of subjects to electronic documents in a digital economy. Value. The materials presented in the article will help improve existing regulations that establish access to electronic documents in the digital economy.

The article discusses the legal innovations of the Customs Code of the Eurasian Economic Union. Its brief description is represented, and procedural aspects of UCC' adoption are researched. The legal institutions of the authorized economic operator, customs broker, customs carrier, customs transit are analyzed. The article is addressed to a wide range of specialists in the field of customs law and improvement of customs administration in the Eurasian Economic Union.

The police, like all state structures of the Russian Federation, provide public services to the population. To do this, it is necessary that all citizens have the same opportunities when applying to law enforcement agencies. Particular attention should be paid to ATS personnel for people with disabilities. The article tells about the possible introduction of new practices in conducting classes with students of educational institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

In the modern world, communication is the most important component of professional activity. The development and maintenance of communication between subjects (citizens, authorities, and officials) is one of the ways to overcome the lack of mutual trust in society. The specifics of building interpersonal relations with citizens among employees of the internal affairs bodies are determined by special working conditions, unusual circumstances and cases and situations not similar to each other.

The article defines the concept, describes the characteristics and structure of the act of judicial enforcement. The author emphasizes the significance of this legal form for the regulation of public relations, reveals the content of its features, describes the structure, and also conducts an in-depth analysis of the properties of the judicial enforcement act and its structural and functional elements.