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No 2 (2010)
- Year: 2010
- Articles: 17
- URL: https://journals.eco-vector.com/2073-4034/issue/view/6671
Articles
Quantitative assessment of HBsAg in the process of treatment of chronic hepatitis В with pegilated interferon alpha-2a (Pegasis): a new tool for the prediction of effective treatment
Abstract
The article is dedicated to modern concepts of infection caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), and approaches to antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). One of the fundamentally new approaches in the evolution of antiviral treatment of CHB was the use of pegylated interferon alpha. Among the high number of patients the most explored and tested drug is pegylated interferon alfa-2a (40 kDa; Pegasys). It was shown that the treatment of CHB by this drug should be considered as first-line therapy in young patients with no signs of disease decompensation. To date, treatment of HBV by Pegasys is characterized by high frequency of HBsAg elimination and appearance of anti-HBs that is associated not only with direct antiviral action of the drug, but also with ability to influence the immune response. Quantitative measurement of HBsAg in the process of CHB treatment is a new tool for predicting effectiveness of antiviral therapy with pegylated interferon alfa-2a.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):12-18
12-18
Pancreatitis in persons of elderly age
Abstract
The problem of pancreatitis in the elderly is discussed. The process of aging has obligate influence on the course of the pancreas diseases altering their clinical picture and therapeutic approaches in the older age groups. Diagnosis and treatment of pancreatitis in the elderly is a difficult problem in connection with a number of additional factors: comorbidity, changes in pharmacokinetics of drugs, atypical course of disease, need to avoid polypragmasy, etc. The article presents the particularities of elderly patient, and this knowledge provides a timely diagnosis and adequate treatment with avoiding of complications and improving quality of life of patients.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):19-24
19-24
Molecular cellular mechanisms of therapeutic action of probiotic drugs
Abstract
The data for molecular-cellular mechanisms of immunomodulatory effects of probiotics are presented. The fundamentally actions of these drugs are ability of interact surface structures and DNA of these symbiotic bacteria with Toll-like receptors. Important role play living bacterial cells of probiotic strains as well as their metabolites and antigenic complexes, because they mediate signaling pathways after ligand-retseptor contact with the dendrites, epithelial cells, and many other immunocompetent cells of innate immunity. Probiotics' properties of the drug in addition to immunomodulating activity of the introduced species are largely dependent on the used strain of probiotic. However, only clinical data allow us to select the optimal therapeutic and preventive probiotic.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):26-32
26-32
33-37
Symptomatic gastro-duodenal ulcers
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is not presents all cases gastroduodenal ulcers. Ulcers of stomach and duodenum are infrequently formed in response to extremal impacts or pathogenetically related to other diseases. Symptomatic ulcers are pathogenetically inhomogeneous group with common sign - formation of defect of mucosa stomach and/or duodenum in response to impact of various ulcerogenic factors. The article presents typical clinical manifestations of symptomatic ulcers, most often bleeding of varying severity. Peculiarities their diagnostics, treatment and prophylaxis are discussed.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):38-45
38-45
Viral hepatitis А: current state of the problem
Abstract
The present article is concerned with issues of epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of various forms of hepatitis A (HA); it accounts for more than half of all acute viral hepatitis. It is emphasized that to date the HA is characterized by frequent outbreaks (both water and food), and involvement in the epidemic process of senior population. The clinical features are the possibility of a protracted course of HA and the formation (although rare) severe forms in patients with chronic hepatitis of different etiology with the development of cholestatic syndrome and/or cytolysis syndrome. Due to ongoing deterioration of epidemical situation and significant economic damage attributable to HA, timely diagnosis and the need for specific measures aimed at preventing the further spread of the infection play important role.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):46-49
46-49
Hepatoprotectors in clinical practice: Prohepar
Abstract
The present article is dedicated to place of hepatoprotectors in treatment of diseases of liver and biliary system. Varieties and mechanisms of hepatoprotector's actions are discussed. Data for the experimental and clinical study of Prohepar - combined preparation based on liver hydrolysat received from bullocks - are presented. Progehar effectiveness is demonstrated in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases and hepatic cirrhosis. Safety of Prohepar use is emphasized.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):50-53
50-53
Portal vein thrombosis in the practice of gastroenterologist
Abstract
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is the process of thrombus formation up to complete occlusion of the lumen of the main trunk and branches of PV with progressive disorder of blood flow in the liver and gastrointestinal tract. The data for the portal vein system, the etiology and pathogenesis of PVT are presented. We consider the clinical picture of PVT, the principles of its diagnosis and treatment. It is emphasized that PVT is a serious disease requiring immediate diagnosis and intensive treatment to prevent complications, such as the formation of cavernous transformation and progression of portal hypertension. We discuss the clinical case of PTV in a patient with primary polycythemia.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):54-60
54-60
Odeston in the treatment of patients with biliary dysfunction
Abstract
The present article is concerned with pathological and pathophysiological mechanisms of various types of biliary tract dysfunctional disorders, their classification, and different diagnostic approaches to this disease. The basic principles of treatment of dysfunctional biliary disorders are aimed to restore the normal flow of bile and pancreatic secretions in the biliary and pancreatic ducts. Particular attention is given to therapeutic effects of Odeston (hymecromone) - myotropic spasmolytic with selective spasmolytic effect on the Oddi's sphincter and sphincter of gallbladder, as well as choleretic effect. Results of own research are presented.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):61-65
61-65
Antacids in the therapy of acid-dependent diseases
Abstract
According to modern views, the possibilities of clinical use of antacid drugs are discussed. The comparative data for their composition and properties are presented. One of the representatives of this class is combined antacid drug Gastal ®, which has high acid neutralizing and adsorbing activity, good tolerability and safety profile. The main indications for its use are, clearly, the heartburn relief (as manifestation of pathological gastroesophageal reflux), and relief of epigastric pain (dyspepsia in modern interpretation), cased by acid-related diseases and functional dyspepsia.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):66-70
66-70
Probiotics and probiotic products in the practice of physician-gastroenterologist
Abstract
Studies of probiotics give reason to assume that they have a lot of positive properties. The most frequently used probiotics are the strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, and in some cases brewer's yeasts and certain strains of Escherichia coli. Some probiotics are used for the prevention of diarrhea caused by antibiotics, or as part of a comprehensive treatment of antibiotic-associated colitis. Recent studies have shown different effects of probiotics in many diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, vaginal infections and dysimmunity. The effects of a number of probiotics have been investigated with respect to atopic eczema, rheumatoid arthritis and hepatic cirrhosis. The general idea is that some strains of probiotics and prebiotic oligofructose are effective in enhancing of immune response. Further research is needed to study the effectiveness of probiotics in the treatment of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, cardiovascular diseases and many other pathological conditions.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):72-77
72-77
Chronic ischemic disease of digestive organs: algorithm of diagnostics and treatment
Abstract
The present article discusses the problem of diagnosis and treatment of chronic ischemic disease of digestive organs (CIDDO). Diagnosis of visceral arteries lesions is very difficult because the clinical manifestations of CIDDO are attributable to various diseases of gastroduodenal region, gall bladder, pancreas and intestine. In addition to evaluation of clinical data, laboratory and instrumental assessment including esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy with biopsy of gastric mucosa, duodenum and colon, sonography examination, the primary role in the verification of the diagnosis CIDDO plays Doppler ultrasound and angiography - methods allowing detecting occlusive-stenotic changes in the visceral arteries. Both conservative and surgical methods are widely used In the treatment of CIDDO. The tactics of conservative therapy depends on the severity of clinical manifestations of CIDDO, ie, the functional class of the disease.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):78-82
78-82
Candidosis of mucuos membranes of digestive tract: clinical importance and modern methods of treatment
Abstract
The article is dedicated to the current state of the problem of candidamycosis with localization in the digestive tract; author discusses the issues of antifungal resistance in human and significance of these violations, as well as pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of candidamycosis. Current standards of treatment of candidamycosis of the mucous membranes of the upper gastrointestinal tract, including the latest revision of the recommendations published in the US in 2009 are discussed. Detailed recommendations for the treatment of oropharyngeal and esophageal candidamycosis are presented.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):83-87
83-87
Dynamics of certain metabolic alterations at the background of therapy with the use of selective M-cholinolytics (hyoscine butylbromide) in patients with chronic pancreatitis
Abstract
Assessment of the carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and development of new methods for adequate correction of the identified changes are of the most immediate interest for modern medicine. The results of study of selective M-cholinolytic hyoscine butilbromid effect on metabolic disorders and clinical presentation in 105 patients with recurrent CP are presented. It was found that selective predominantly M3-cholinolytic effect of hyoscine butilbromid is accompanied by positive dynamics of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with CP. In addition to spasmolytic and antisecretory effects of the drug these changes favorably affect the clinical course of disease and promote the significant shortening of the regression of abdominal pain and dyspeptic syndromes.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):88-93
88-93
Off-label use of proton-pump inhibitors
Abstract
We studied more than 20 instructions for medical use of different proton pump inhibitors (PPI), registered in the Russian Federation. It has been established that there are essential differences among the five groups of PPI - omeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole, rabeprazole and esomeprasol, and between preparations of different trade names under a single INN regarding indications and contraindications, dosage regimen, special applications, as well as their interaction with other drugs as contemplated by prescribing information. These features of PPI will enable the differentially application of agents for the treatment of acid-related diseases and reduce the possibility of using drugs without the requirements of the manufacturer's instructions, ie, in off label situations.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):94-99
94-99
Plantago major
Abstract
Medicines from the leaves and seeds of Plantago major have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, spasmolytic, and hemostatic effect, laxative and mild hypotensive action. The article discusses the possibility of plantain drugs administration in subacid gastritis, chronic colitis, hemorrhoids, bronchitis, asthma and other respiratory diseases, cystitis and other diseases of the urinary bladder. Application of plantain leaves as hemostatic and vulnerary agent is possible.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):100-101
100-101
Gruveilhier murmur
Abstract
We discuss the origins and clinical significance of Cruveilhier souffle - one of the signs of portal hypertension. Auscultation of Cruveilhier souffle can be used in clinical diagnosis of cirrhosis, remain valid in light of the increasing prevalence of this disease. Life journey of Jean Criuvelle - French clinicist and pathologist who have first described this symptom - is presented.
Pharmateca. 2010;(2):102-103
102-103