Vol 4, No 2 (2022)
Articles
Intellectuals as creators of war narratives
Abstract
The article examines the features of the war narratives, the authors of which are both the Western European intellectuals and the members of the Russian intelligentsia. The research of war narratives has revealed the ambivalence in understanding and assessing of the war events by intellectuals (special attention is paid to the events of the First World War); the ambiguity in the definition of the concepts «victory», «defeat», «combatant», «enemy», «heroism» is shown. The reasons for the semantic discrepancies between the war narratives, created by intellectuals, and the official power discourse are explicated.
Features of life goals of residents of the russian province
Abstract
The work is devoted to the results of a sociological study of life goals conducted by the author in 2021 in Naberezhnye Chelny. The study allowed us to identify 4 blocks of life goals, the most pronounced among the 460 respondents surveyed.
Assessment of the quality of distance (digital) education: analysis of the digital footprint of participants in the educational process
Abstract
The article presents the results of research conducted to study the digital footprint and its capabilities for assessing the attitude of users to distance education. The sociological survey showed that the population is familiar with the concept of a digital footprint, but vaguely represents its content, methods of formation and areas of application. Intellectual analysis made it possible to assess their attitude to distance education based on the digital footprint left by users of social networks.
Cultural picture of Russian history
Abstract
With a cultural approach, the history of Russia falls into three different stories: the history of the state, the history of the ethnic group, the history of the «culture» itself — each of which «lives its own life» and in its own time. The Russian state did not form around the «Russian world,» but around the «Danish money» of the IX-XI century, the phenomenon of which distorts the whole picture of European feudalism. The ethnic culture of Slavism is determined by the taboo system of civilization in the process of Indo-Aryan migrations, which can theoretically be restored. As for the «Russian culture,» it is more original and Russian state, and Slavic. Russian culture, the «Russian spirit» are related to the society of the «nobility» of previous civilizations, borrowing elements of «chivalry.» The overlapping of three different stories turns into both the originality of Russia and many «oddities» in politics, economics, warfare, in the fields of art, religion, education.
Semiotics of myth: A.F. Losev and F. Nietzsche
Abstract
The article is devoted to a comparative study of the formulation of the problem of the philosophical foundation of the phenomenon of myth in the teachings of A.F. Losev and F. Nietzsche. Based on the analysis of the conceptual developments of the two thinkers, the article substantiates the thesis that the philosophical understanding of the myth is characterized by a post-metaphysical orientation, and the myth is explicated as a semiotic phenomenon.
To the question about the study of philosophical views Ibn Sina in the Soviet period (archive publication)
Abstract
The publication makes adjustments to the established historiography of the study of the philosophical views of Ibn Sina in our country. In particular, it is noted that the beginning of philosophical Oriental studies, including the analysis of the views of Ibn Sina, still dates back to the 1940s in philosophical historiography. Meanwhile, archival research allows us to move this time point a decade earlier. The section on the philosophy of Ibn Sina, discovered for the first time in the State Archive of the Russian Federation, was published, which was part of the Curriculum on the History of Russian Philosophy as covering the philosophical thought of the peoples of the USSR.
Philosophy of medicine and historiography of medicine
Abstract
Historiography and philosophy of medicine has met with dramatic disciplinary rise in the recent decades. Philosophers of biomedical sciences response to the rise resulted in writing of some innovative and detailed studies. On contrary the research in historiography of medicine is dominated by the “case-studies” and non-contextualist approaches. Only recently the history of the early modern medicine has received proper place in the scholarship. Still the philosophy and historiography of the early military modern medicine lacks due research attention. Our contribution attempts to explain why the history of the early military modern medicine is core element of the genesis of modern medicine.
Transdisciplinary level of interdisciplinarity and its heuristic potential: philosophical and methodological analysis
Abstract
The artical considers interdisciplinarity as a phenomenon of scientific cognition from philosophical and methodological positions. One of the levels of interdisciplinarity — transdisciplinary — is subjected to a detailed analysis. The models that have arisen within the framework of the transdisciplinary level are studied, which are extrapolated from it into the natural sciences and humanities. The heuristic potential and limitations of these models are highlighted. The possibility of the emergence of new cognitive models at the transdisciplinary level of interdisciplinarity is stated.
Transdisciplinary shift and biophysics
Abstract
The article discusses the development of biophysics as a transdisciplinary science that uses approaches and methods that are used in physics to study biological phenomena and processes. Transdisciplinary science is aimed at solving multifactorial problems of nature and society. Research in the field of biophysics finds its application today in medicine (medical diagnostics and therapy). Transdisciplinary research is considered as cooperation or joint scientific work of researchers from different disciplines. Such research expands the scientific worldview and will contribute to the modification of the face of science in the future.
Death, immortality and the cosmos: William S. Burroughs on the fears of modernity
Abstract
The article deals with the themes of death, immortality, virus and language in the interpretation of the American writer, philosopher William S. Burroughs. Many of the thoughts expressed by William S. Burroughs on the pages of his essays and novels turn out to be prophetic, consonant with the fears of modernity. But at the same time, the originality and relevance of the questions posed by the writer in his texts about the place of man in the world, about death, about language, about the essence of literature and art allows us to consider him as an original thinker.
Martin Heidegger VS Ludwig Wittgenstein: the world as an image and metaphysical dial
Abstract
The article compares the views of M. Heidegger and L. Wittgenstein, two of the greatest thinkers of the XX century, in terms of the basic positions of their philosophy, in the main ontological and epistemological attitudes, the semantics of their key concepts. The key common position of the discrepancy is the problem of language and the problem of pictorial representation of the world. This is clear already based on the nature of the teachings of two of the greatest philosophers of the twentieth century: M. Heidegger appeals to the traditions of initial thinking, as it was born at the dawn of European philosophy; L. Wittgenstein’s teaching is a completely new post-metaphysical epistemology based on the idea of language as a constitutive factor in the formation of a picture or image (of the world). Semantically, M. Heidegger’s WeltBild and L. Wittgenstein’s Bild as a linguistic representation of the world and is a metaphors of the New European Reason itself, something like the dial of a mechanical clock. In fact, the metaphor of the metaphysical dial is best suited to this screening of existence.
Socio-philosophical aspects of the transformation of the category of «Civil unity» in the political realities of the XXI century
Abstract
The main content of the study is the analysis of aggressive socio-political masses and the disunity of the population during the period of destabilization of the world space. In order to identify the socio-philosophical aspects of the transformation of the category of "civil unity" under the influence of the events of the 20s of the XXI century, the article analyzes N.F. Fedorov's concept of acquiring a social idea to achieve world unity and world order. Special attention is paid to the problem of human unity in the social world.
Education: paradigmatic shift in a culture of paradox
Abstract
The article considers the educational crisis as a phenomenon in the context of postmodern culture. On the example of education, crisis locality is demonstrated as a component of the totality of the crisis state of postmodern culture. A phenomenological discourse is proposed to reflect the paradoxicality of postmodernism, at first considered in the form of a modernist stage of self-revision, which in turn entailed the decline of the era of modernity and the deployment of a new type of culture.
Post-truth in its political and philosophical sense. Review on the monograph “Post-truth” by Lee Mcintyre mit press essential knowledge series, 2018
Abstract
A contemporary American philosopher analyzes the content and use of the concept of “post-truth”, mainly on examples of political situation management by the media, but also on control in the sphere of scientific knowledge with the help of “alternative facts”.