Vol 6, No 4 (2006)

It's examined the role of the innate and adoptive immune factors in the formation of the immune response against influenza virus, influenza vaccines on mucosa. It's discussed the possible mechanisms of the devel­opment subtypic and heterosubtypic immunity after different influenza vaccines immunization. Recently the problem of increase vaccination safety, efficacy and its deprecation is topical. This is especially important recently because of the threat of pandemic. It's viewed the mucosal influenza vaccines as alternative of the parenteral inactivated influenza vaccines. The advantages of the mucosal inactivated vaccines are the form­ing more broad spectrum of immune response as compared parenteral vaccines, low reactogenicity and risk of accidental contamination during vaccination, low price. It’s discussed the prospects of the mucosal inacti­vated vaccines creation, advantages and failing of existing adjuvants.

This article reviews the neurophysiological mechanisms, which are responsible for motor disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and at parkinsonism. It has been proposed that classic motor deficits (tremor, rigidity and akinesia) may originate from activation of universal spinal motor programs and are mod­ulated by various sensory signals, including thermal ones. The effect of cooling and heating on muscular per­formance, tremor and rigidity in the PD patients is also reviewed.

The method of peroxide chemiluminescence showed that on the early stages of experiment combined introduction of aspirin (A) in dose of 75 mg/kg/day with dipyridamole (D) at SHR normalize disbalance of oxidative homeostasis in blood serum. It was caused by aspirin in dose of 150 mg/kg/day, and at WKY rats - on the 30 days of the experiment. It occurs at the expense of inhibition of peroxidation lipids processes. The magnitude of total antioxidative activity is blocked to a greater extent in blood serum WKY rats in comparison with control than in the blood serum SHR. The changes of BP don’t occur at WKY rats by introduction of anti- aggregants. The changes of indices of oxidative homeostasis in rats’ blood serum of two lines depend on their age and baseline of these processes.

Cell lines serve as a model for studying the molecular organization of cancer cells in humans. Several myeloma cell lines were screened for proliferation response to cytokines (IL-6, -10, -15, -21, IGF-1, HGF, TNF-a) and inhibitors of intracellular signaling (JAK2\STAT3-, PI-3K-, МАРК- pathways and NFkB). Striking heterogeneity of the response was revealed suggesting different proliferation control patterns. With advent of targeted anti-cancer therapy, much effort could be needed to find specific targets in individual MM patients.

A study has been performed on detection of character and degree of disorders of cellular and humoral immunity in patients who underwent radical or organ-saving surgical operations on spleen after trauma. We have established that after radical and organ-saving post-traumatic spleen surgery the secondary immune deficiency develops, manifesting by disturbances of processes of activation, proliferation and differentiation of immune cells, and by disorders in immune system regulation. The most prominent disorders of cellular and humoral immunity develop after radical splenectomy. Detecting of secondary immune deficiency in patients who underwent immunocompromising spleen surgery allows to preform groups of patients who need constant immune monitoring, and, if necessary, to make immune correction of post-splenectomy disorders in these patients.

According to different criteria, metabolic syndrome was found in 29. 2-53. 8% of women of reproductive age with polycystic ovary syndrome. In lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome absolute and relative hypoleptinemia may contribute to the development of anovulation. In obese women with polycystic ovary syn­drome absolute and relative hyperleptinemia may promote the development of arterial hypertension. Fairly high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women with polycystic ovary syndrome necessitates obliga­tory examination of them for the presence of insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and resulting metabolic disturbances, which may lead to the earlier development of cardiovascular diseases already in reproductive age.

Review of chemical treatment development for infectious diseases as independent part of medicine for the twentieth century is presented in article. Special attention was given the problem of chemical treatment for diseases of viral etiology. Attempt of inclusion in clinical practice treatment of cytokines by interferon and it’s inductors as independent method of monotherapy is carried out on the bases of achievements in virology at the second part of the twentieth century along with empirical search of antiviral drugs. It was unsuccess­ful. Synthesis some of the antiviral drugs of direct act and substantiation of composite therapy principle have ensured the progress in treatment of series of viral infections (Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, hemor­rhagic fever with renal syndrome, hepatitis В and C, HIV/AIDS, herpes infections). The article is illustrated with original drawing and two tables.