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Vol 11, No 4 (2011)

Articles

LAIV from reassortant strain A/17/California/2009/38 (H 1 N1 ) - an efficient preparation for the prophylaxis of pandemic influenza

Larionova N.V., Kiseleva I.V., Mironov A.N., Bushmenkov D.S., Donina S.A., Petukhova G.D., Korenkov D.A., Naykhin A.N., Rudenko L.G.

Abstract

The results of pre-clinical and the phase I/ll clinical studies of the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) for a new pandemic influenza virus A/California/7/2009 (H1N1) demonstrate that A/17/California/2009/38 (H1N1 ) meets all the requirements of LAIV strains. Randomised clinical trials demonstrate the safety of the vaccine strain for adults and children. The pandemic 2009 H1 N1 LAIV was able to induce humoral, secretory antibodies and memory T cells in volunteers.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):3-12
pages 3-12 views

The analisys of main reasons of organ shortage

Bagnenko S.F., Shcherbuk Y.A., Polushin Y.S., Granov D.A., Grinenko A.O., Loginov I.V., Teplov V.M., Kechaeva N.V., SKVORTsOV A.E., Reznik A.O., Reznik O.N.

Abstract

Ongoing organ shortage is a crucial limiting factor of organ transplantation. Given article highlights organ donation practice in Saint-Petersburg emphasizing unsuccessful attempts of increasing the number of deceased donors. Given by analyses of neurosurgical and neurological rates of mortality last three years, the authors tried to ground the urgency of the putting in clinical practice the optimization of the transplant algorithms, organ donor's audit, and the implementation of new approach to define organ donor's process stages. In article are presented the results worked out of the metrics coefficients for estimating donation potential of emergency hospitals. The study was carried out of involvement and education in organ donation practice, legislative issues among critical care professionals, neurologists and critical care nurses. Article presented the first attempt of estimating the economical aspects of donation process in donor's hospitals. The recommendations were given for national organ donation network establishment.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):13-24
pages 13-24 views

Theoretical background of concept of perfusion rehabilitation of donor organs

Bagnenko S.F., Dubina M.V., Reznik O.N., Lopota A.V., Skvortsov A.E., Reznik A.O.

Abstract

The article dedicated to the main problem of transplantology which is deficit of acceptable donors'organs. The tendency of expanding the donor's pool should include policy of prevention and reduction the ischemia-reperfusion trauma of donor's organs. The crucial role of machine perfusion in pretransplantaion improving organs quality is highlighted. The large review of literature is listed in order to state several new approaches in modern preservation trend. The definition of organ preservation is given as well as new strategy in organ acceptance is grounded.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):25-40
pages 25-40 views

Uncontrolled Donors after Cardiac Death: Clinical Application of Normothermic Perfusion in situ for Kidney Resuscitation

Bagnenko S.F., Reznik O.N., Scvortsov A.E., Lopota A.V., Senchik K.Y., Reznik A.O.

Abstract

Uncontrolled organ donation after circulatory determination of death could be a promising perspective, but the warm ischemic time damages restrict the use of them. Between 2009 and 2010, organ procurement service of St Petersburg, Russia, used 17 patients who had experienced unexpected circulatory death as uncontrolled donors with warm ischemic time from 45 to 91 minutes. For resuscitation kidney suffered ischemia, normothermic extracorporai abdominal perfusion in situ with leukocyte depletion was applied. Kidney transplantation was performed for 34 patients. Immediate functioning of kidney grafts was observed in 11 of the 34 cases. The 1 -year graft survival rate was 97% (n=33), rejection rate 2,9% (n=1 ). At the end of first year of observation, the average creatinine level was 1,81 ±0,05 mg/dL. Based on our experience, we posit that normothermic extracorporal perfusion can be solely considered as a resuscitation practice for kidneys from uncontrolled donors that critically expands warm ischemia time. The results of the 1 -year follow-up clinical experience with this procedure provide evidence that transplantation of organs that are "resuscitated” using this method are satisfactory and meet the generally accepted criteria for graft survival and functioning.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):41-50
pages 41-50 views

Evaluation of antitumoral effect of ferromagnetic implant in the experiment

Granov A.M., Vershinina S.F., Markochev F.B., Urbansky A.I., Evtushenko V.I.

Abstract

Effect of Erlich's tumor and lymphosarcoma LIO-1 implantation with barium hexaferrite has been evaluated in SHR white mice It is revealed a positive effect of the implant on the primary tumor, métastasés and recurrences after operative removal of the tumor node, as well as an increase of the average life-span of mice with tumorsis shown.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):51-57
pages 51-57 views

Morphological features of the chronic gastritis at Helicobacter pylori infection and EBV-infection

Krulevskiy V.A., Anichkov N.M., Novikova V.P., Petrovskiy A.N.

Abstract

We examined gastric biopsies from four groups of patients with a chronic gastritis: HP and EBV-negative, HP-negative and EBV-positive, HP-positive and EBV-negative and HP and EBV-positive. EBV antigens were determined by immunohistochemical method. It is shown, that the morphological picture of gastric mucosa at availability in it VEB has essential differences from HP-positive chronic gastritis and idiopathic chronic gastritis. HP and EBV-positive chronic gastritis was more expressed, than isolated HP-positive chronic gastritis and isolated EBV-positive chronic gastritis.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):58-64
pages 58-64 views

Early age anamnesis factors, aterogenic dislipidemia and morphological peculiarities of chronic gastroduodenitis

Aleshina E.I., Kalinina E.Y., Anichkov N.M., Novikova V.P., Komissarova M.Y.

Abstract

During our investigation of metabolic syndrome early predictors ini 34 school age patients with chronic gastroduodenitis we revealed that the nature of feeding in childhood is connected with subsequent certain type of metabolism. Lack or excess of weight at birth predisposes to structural abnormalities of the duodenal mucous membrane in subsequent life.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):65-70
pages 65-70 views

Modulation of the reinforcing effects of psychotropic drugs by means of GABA- and dopaminergic mechanisms of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis

Shabanov P.D., Lebedev A.A.

Abstract

The purpose of the investigation was to clear the significance of GABA and dopamine systems of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis for the reinforcing effects of a number of psychotropic drugs (opiates, opioids, psychostimulants) on self-stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus in rats. The Wistar male rats were implanted bipolar electrodes in the lateral hypothalamus to study self-stimulation reaction in the Skinner box. Simultaneously, the microcannules were implanted into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis to inject the drugs studied (1 μg in 1 μl in volume for each injection). The blockade of GABA a receptors (bicuculline 1 μg), sodium influx ionic currents (xycaine, or lidocain 1 μg) or D 1 dopamine receptors (SCH23390) by means of intrastructural administration of drugs into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis decreased, but the blockade of D 2 dopamine receptors (sulpiride) mildly increased self-stimulation reaction of the lateral hypothalamus in rats. The inhibition degree of self-stimulation was the following range: xycaine > SCH23390 = bicuculline (the drugs are located in the range of descending inhibition activity). On the background of blockade of GABA a receptors (bicuculline) in the bed nucleus of stria terminalis, only sodium ethaminal reproduced its psychostimulant effect, but amphetamine, fentanyl and leu-enkephaline did not appear it. The blockade of D 1 dopamine receptors with SCH23390 prevented the reinforcing effects of all narcogenic drugs. On the opposite side, the intrastructural administration of xycaine into the bed nucleus of stria terminalis strengthened the effects of amphetamine, fentanyl and leu-enkephaline without the effect of sodium ethaminal. At the same time, the blockade of D 2 dopamine receptors with sulpiride increased self-stimulation and strengthened positive reinforcing effects of sodium ethaminal and leu-enkephaline without effects of amphetamine and fentanyl. Therefore, the bed nucleus of stria terminalis controls the hypothalamic self-stimulation via GABA- and dopaminergic mechanisms. GABA realizes the negative (inhibitory) action. The direct positive (activating) effect on the lateral hypothalamus is realized through D 1 dopamine receptors, and D 2 dopamine receptors of the bed nucleus of stria terminalis limit the positive effects of narcogenic drugs.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):71-77
pages 71-77 views

Mediators of immune responses in cerebrospinal fluid with viral infections of central nervous system

Zheleznikova G.F., Skripchenko N.V., Lobzin Y.V.

Abstract

The revue includes contemporary information about the immune factors in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with viral infections of central nervous system (CNS). The CSF concentrations of immunoglobulins, complement components, virus-specific antibodies, and inflammation mediators reflect their pathogenetic role in infection, that allows to use these parameters for dyagnostic improvement, course of disease prognosis, and in therapy monitoring. Detection in CSF of cytokines and chemokines, that are reflecting peculiarities of system and local immune responses in infection course, is especially clinically significant.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):78-85
pages 78-85 views

Cognitive frustration in the patients with occlusive hydrocephalus: possibility of surgical correction

Gavrilov G.V., Cherebillo V.Y., Legzdain M.A., Svistov D.V.

Abstract

Optimization of the surgical tactics of treatment of the patients with occlusive hydrocephalus through impact of algorithm of differential diagnosis and minimally invasive endoscopic lll-ventriculostomy was the main aim of the study. Clinical (including cognitive functions) and instrumental manifestation of hydrocephalus in two groups of patients differentiated by the method of surgery (ETV vs. VPSh) were analyzed. Dynamics of clinical state, CT/MRI, quality of life, restoration of cognitive functions, outcome significantly differed between groups. ETV proved to be an optimal and cost-effective method of choice in surgical treatment of occlusive hydrocephalus in patient with preserved CSF resorbtion.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):86-91
pages 86-91 views

The retrograde endoscopical and percutaneus antegrade interventional on the bile ducts in patients with mechanical jaundice

Zagainov V.E., Dudanov I.P., Gagua A.K., Kravtsunov V.V., Seregin A.A., Zaitsev A.I., Loimoeva V.S.

Abstract

Study presents a comparative analysis of the effectiveness of retrograde and antegrade biliary interventional technologies in 429 patients with different pathology of hepatopankreatobiliary zone assotiated with mechanical jaundice. In the first group included 304 patients endoscopical approach was used.The second group of 125 patients was treated by percutaneus antegrade technology. The ideology of both technologies includes a sequence of diagnostic and medical exposure. Complications after endoscopical manipulation are noted in 9.2% of observations and percutaneus technology - 8.8%. Percutaneus antegrade technology in majority of the cases can achieve temporary biliari decompression. However, the retrograde endoscopic technologies have great potential to treat obstruction.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):92-96
pages 92-96 views

Pharmacological correction of memory impairment in alcoholics: analysis of results using a new mathematical model

Sapronov N.S., Stepanov I.I., Losev N.A., Shabanov P.D.

Abstract

The main goal of the current research was to assess memory impairment via learning curves and its restoration during the process of rehabilitative treatment of alcoholic patients with pharmacological correction. We applied a mathematical model Y = B3xexp(-B2x(X-1 ))+B4x(1 -exp(-B2x(X-1 ))), where X is the trial number; Y is the number of recalled correct words, B2 is the learning rate, B3 is readiness to learn and B4 is ability to learn. Readiness to learn and ability to learn were significantly below normal values in alcoholic patients in comparison with healthy participants. Treatment with nootropil together with vitamins returned readiness to learn up to normal values. Readiness and ability to learn in patients treated with nootropil itself or bemethyl (metaprot) was initially high so that both drugs did not exert any effect. Use of 10 words in a list of Luria's memory test is insufficient for exact assessment of the long-term memory, so that the list should be increased up to 16 words.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):97-102
pages 97-102 views

The role of the health centres in the identification of factors harmful for health risk and formation of a healthy lifestyle

Avdeeva M.V., Scheglova L.V.

Abstract

The article is describes the profile of cardiovascular risk and behavioral factors of unhealthy lifestyle in people of different age groups within Health Center sources. The study involved 1583 persons (middle age 51,79±14,75 year). Screening was performed according to the list of sources of Health Center. The results of physical and psychological tests, express-analysis of functional state of heart via ECG, express-analysis of cholesterol and glucose blood levels, angiologic screening were estimated. Cardiovascular risk factors were revealed in 38,37% of persons. Arterial hypertension was revealed in 54,51% of persons, overweight and obesity - in 62,78% of persons, hypercholesterolemia - in 53,41 % of persons and hyperglycemia - in 23,62% of persons. The study also revealed behavioral factors of an unhealthy lifestyle, such as smoking (18,88%), irrational diet (51,97%), physical inactivity (55,36%) and alcoholism (2,44%). Management of behavioral factors of unhealthy lifestyle and removal of cardiometabolic risk factors which are able to be corrected will result in decrease of cardiovascular risk in senile age and improvement of life prognosis of people.
Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):103-109
pages 103-109 views

ERYuKhIN Igor' Aleksandrovich. K 75-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya

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Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):110-112
pages 110-112 views

KhAVINSON Vladimir Khatskelevich. K 65-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya

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Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):112-113
pages 112-113 views

PAMYaTI Anatoliya Nikolaevicha Klimova

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Medical academic journal. 2011;11(4):114-115
pages 114-115 views


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