Vol 5, No 1 (2023)

1043 compounds - products of organic synthesis were screened for antifungal activity on the type strain C. albicans NCTC 885-653 in planktonic culture. In-depth studies of substances with high activity against typical strains of Candida spp. and clinical isolates to identify lead compounds, including on a biofilm model were done. 3 substances were identified that exhibit high antifungal activity (MIC₅₀ - 1.0-2.0; MIC₉₀ - 7.8-31.2), exceeding the effect of the reference drug fluconazole. Thus, representatives of new chemical groups with antifungal activity were identified. A methodology has been developed for searching for compounds with antifungal activity among products of organic synthesis, based on the use of a combination of theoretical, physicochemical, and biological methods. An algorithm for the early stages of preclinical studies of the presence of antifungal activity in newly synthesized compounds using microbiological methods is proposed. It including screening studies for typical strains of yeast micromycetes, in-depth studies of clinical isolates to study the cumulative indicators of sensitivity of a population of strains, and determination of the antifungal activity of compounds on a biofilm model.

Currently, there are maximum opportunities for providing specialized oncological care to children and adolescents. Until the late 1980s, the official reporting in the USSR included the registration of cancer patients in the first age group from 0 to 29 years, which included children, adolescents, and young adults. Since 1989, the registration of cancer patients has been carried out in the USSR and Russia according to the recommendations of the International Association of Cancer Registries (IACR) for each five-year age group. However, a new problem emerged - where to classify young adults? In medicine and social sciences, young adults are considered to be individuals who have entered adulthood after the teenage period. Regarding oncology, we need to take into account the specific characteristics of the disease, primarily its structure, which significantly differs among children, adolescents, and young adults. When it comes to studying the specifics of oncopathology in young adults, it was challenging prior to the establishment of a system of population-based cancer registries, considering the relatively rare registration of primary cases of diseases in this population group. The creation of the population-based cancer registry in the Northwestern Federal District of Russia in 2019, serving a population of 13.9 million people – more than the combined population of Belarus, Latvia, and Estonia – provides unique opportunities to address the complex issues for this age group. This registry enables us not only to thoroughly examine the specific localization structure but also to calculate survival rates according to international standards.

In December 2022, a team of authors prepared and published in the English version the monograph “Nomenclature and rank correlation of higher taxa of eukaryotes”, dedicated to a review of higher taxa of eukaryotes and solving the problem of their rank correlation. The introductory part of the work shows significant milestones in the history of eukaryotic megasystematics, whereas the methodological part discusses the principles and approaches to the nomenclature of the higher taxa of this domain. The authors carried out a revision of the system of eukaryotic organisms with references to the original descriptions of the corresponding taxa, considered the trends in the transformation of the system, and discussed issues of its practical application. The book contains descriptions of the subdomain Obimoda, the kingdom Crumalia, and the phyla Mantamonadea, Rigifilidea, and Collodictyonidea. The monograph crowned with a retrospective summary of the main eukaryotic systems published in the period 1925–2022 and an extensive list of papers on megasystematics and microbiology of eukaryotes. The present review is devoted to the evaluation of this theoretically and practically important work.

The lecture covers the morphofunctional organization of the visual sensory system. The structure of the visual organ is presented, with particular attention given to the eye structures responsible for conducting and perceiving visible light. The peculiarities of the eye’s optical system and the mechanisms of the formation and circulation of aqueous humor in the eye are discussed. The prevalence of eye diseases is shown, and the most relevant types of pathology are identified. Modern high-tech diagnostic and therapeutic technologies used in conjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, cataracts, and glaucoma are discussed. Modern individual optical devices for the correction of accommodation disorders in adults and children (glasses, contact lenses, refractive surgery) are also presented.

Going back to the origins of medical practice, the use of medical gases has become a key element in ensuring the health and saving the lives of patients. From the use of aromatic oils by ancient civilizations to the availability of medical gas cylinders in modern institutions, medical gases have become an integral part of modern healthcare, playing a crucial role in the diagnosis, treatment and support of patients. By ensuring the safe and efficient functioning of medical institutions throughout Russia, medical gases play a vital role in providing medical workers with the necessary resources to provide quality medical care. Thanks to its experience and expertise, NIREX provides its customers with reliable solutions that ensure accurate dosage and proper control of gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, air and much more.

Based on unpublished sources from the Central State Archive of Historical and Political Documents of St. Petersburg, as well as from the Central State Archive of St. Petersburg, the biography of Alexander Georgievich Egorov, the rector of the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, has been reconstructed. His career in education was extraordinarily successful, which was explained on the one hand by his personal merits, and on the other hand, by his simultaneous rise up the political ladder, which was a tribute to the times and characterized the Soviet system as a whole. The authors consider Alexander Georgievich’s contribution to the improvement of the structure and personnel of the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute, the development of scientific work, and the modernization of the institute’s material and technical base. Thanks in large part to the organizational qualities and leadership abilities of Rector A. G. Egorov, during his 12-year leadership, the Leningrad Chemical-Pharmaceutical Institute became known and was the only higher educational institution of its kind, where specialists in the field of pharmacy were trained not only for pharmacies, but also for pharmaceutical factories